Author: Gui Haixu clansmen are cold stars and starlight.
With the submission of the application for the World Heritage of Guyue Port, a craze for Guyue Port has quietly arisen, which has aroused the infinite feelings of Gui Haixu. Looking through the genealogy, the floodgate of memory was reopened, and a little-known clan history burst out, hoping to share it with the world.
I. Geographical location of Guangdong and Hong Kong
Guangdong and Hong Kong are located at the entrance of Jiulong River into the sea, which is now Haicheng Town, Longhai City, Fujian Province. Because of its harbor road (from Yuexi, Haicheng to Haimen Island), it is named Yuegang because of "one water cutting, crescent moon surrounding". Yuegang, also known as Yuequan Port, is called "Guihai" in ancient times, and is named after Guiyu Port. Guiyu, also known as Yuji and Guiyu, stands in the sea and is the gateway to the sea. Guangdong and Hong Kong are adjacent to the Trident River at the intersection of Jiangbei Creek and Xixi Creek in Kowloon in the west and Guiyu Port in the east to Xiamen Port.
The main channel of Guangdong and Hong Kong starts from Puxian in the west, runs along Nangang to the east, passes through Haicheng Port, Daniwei and Guiyu, and goes out to sea from Danmen in Wuyu, and then divides into east and west roads. The berthing points of Guangdong and Hong Kong include Songyu, Haicang, Shimei, Yuzhou and Aotou on the north bank, Yuzaiwei, Haimen Island, Fugong, Haicheng, Guangdong and Hong Kong, Shima and Fuhe on the south bank. The main port is Haicheng Yuegang, which was the main distribution center for import and export goods at that time. According to the field investigation, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were seven wharves with less than 1km along the Guangdong-Hong Kong River, namely Xiangguan Wharf, Lutouwei Wharf, Tiehang Wharf (also known as Zhonggu Wharf), Rongchuan Wharf, Dianzi Wharf, Agbo Wharf and Xiwei Wharf. Among them, Xiangguan Wharf is located on the right side of the port, and it was converted into Haicheng Passenger Terminal in 9 years (1920). Rongchuan Wharf is located on the left side of the port. It was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1573 to 1620). At that time, it was a large wharf, and after the founding of New China, it was a farm transportation wharf.
Third, the contribution of Gui Hai Xu's family to Guyue Port in Ming Dynasty.
The Xu population in Meijiang under the Xu School in Guihai lives in the area from Gangkou to Messi, and the specific distribution is as follows: for example, the residential group of Hongjiangwei Port under the post-public school, such as the residential group of Gangkou to Rongchuan Code under the post-public school, and the residential group of Rongchuan Code under the Zengyang public school, such as the residential groups of Qiao Congrong, Ma Chuan, Dianzaiwei and Dingcuo under the post-public school, such as the Zai Tian community under the first public school.
At that time, most people around the Guangdong-Hong Kong docks were mainly farming, producing crops such as grain and sugarcane, and some people made a living by fishing and shipping. /kloc-At the beginning of the 5th century, when foreign merchant ships arrived in Yuegang, the clever Xu clan saw that the sale of goods was profitable, and the idea of maritime trade sprouted in people's hearts. As a result, businessmen and rich people joined hands to build big ships, go abroad, avoid the Ming government's sea ban, sail east-west routes, and quietly rose the Guangdong-Hong Kong trade terminal, prospering the city by relying on the port, forming Hong Kong Street, Fish Market, Guanzainei, Huatingqian, Medieval, Rongchuandian, Dianzaiwei, Fan Xiang, Tucheng and Beimen Tuwei Temple, which supported the formation and development of Guangdong-Hong Kong City. At this time, the population of the Xu family in Meijiang was prosperous, and all walks of life were rising. There are seven trading docks and a shop in Rongchuan Ma Street. At that time, Meijiang people opened a shop in Rongchuan Code Street, with as many as 20 shops, which were busy and diversified. At that time, Guangdong and Hong Kong were famous in Southeast Asian countries and five continents. China's native products, handicrafts, casting technology and China culture were introduced to the world continuously, and at the same time, western culture and advanced western technologies and products were introduced, which opened up the so-called "Maritime Silk Road" today.
By the middle of the15th century, the business model of Tian Yang's grandchildren had changed from the coast to the inland, went north along the Jiulong River to Zhangping County (formerly Pingyi Jingcheng), set up shop in Jiangxi Street in Zhangping County, and contacted Jiangxi businessmen. As a result, there was a convection between mainland goods and overseas goods, which made China's native products, tea, handicrafts and foundry famous overseas. At the same time, it also introduced foreign advanced technology and improved handicrafts, thus making China's industrial and agricultural development ahead.
Guyue Port flourished in Ming Dynasty, which set an example for the development of civilization in feudal times. Together with Fuzhou Port in Han and Tang Dynasties, Quanzhou Port in Song and Yuan Dynasties and Xiamen Port in Qing Dynasty, it is called the "four major commercial ports" in Fujian history. Guyue Port occupies an important position in the history of China's foreign trade. /kloc-from the end of 0/6th century to the end of 0/7th century, it was a foreign trade port with "ships and merchants gathered" and its market was very prosperous. It is a metropolis in southern Fujian. At that time, there were many poems praising Yuegang, including one sentence: "The prosperous side of the town was called Yuegang Xiaosuhang in ancient times."
Fourth, Guihai Xu's historical pain
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, with the decline of the dynasty, the Japanese invaded the southeast coast, and the shipping was in trouble, and the ancient Vietnamese port was seriously damaged. In the Qing dynasty, pirates became more rampant, and the theory of business sea was even more ghost night. Although the Xu family in Meijiang made an extremely important contribution to the development of Guyue Port, it paid the price of blood in the catastrophe, leaving an unforgettable pain and grief. In the eighth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Haikou landed from Xicheng in the Western Wei Dynasty and looted along the way. Xu Shi's two wives were dismembered after the ancestral temple in the Western Wei Dynasty. Gui Hai Xu Family Tree Records Mourning Poems;
The fierce whale at sea rebelled, and the beautiful woman begged for death without asking for forgiveness.
Who thinks he is lonely and loose?
What is a bad pregnancy? It's easier to be humiliated than dismembered.
The rivers and lakes with two souls are not here today, and the blood is cold in the spring tide.
The scene was terrible, and it made people cry. There is also a genealogy of Zhangping, Xu: Xu, who is doing business in Zhangping, wants to go home and rebuild the house in Rongchuan yard. When he opened the door, he saw that the bones in the house were dismembered by pirates and no one was buried, which showed the tragic situation of the Guangdong-Hong Kong dock at that time.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) The historical value of Xu's ancestral temple in Guihai.
Guihai Xu's ancestral temple, located in Xixu Society, Douxiang Village, Haicheng Town, was built in Hongwu period of Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368 ~ 1399), rebuilt in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1852) and rebuilt again in Guangxu Reform Movement of Qing Dynasty. Now there are three stone tablets (65439) on the left side of the front hall. 2. Inscription on the construction of real estate field in December of Xianfeng two years; It has a history of more than 600 years since the revival of Meijiang ancestral hall in Guangxu period.
At present, it still maintains its original pattern, sitting in front of Genkun, with beautiful landscapes, magnificent sculptures and well-preserved historical sites. There are six stone flagpoles on the east and west sides of Qiancheng. The front ground is12.6m long and12.9m wide, accounting for162.54m 2; the back ridge is12.9m long and 5.5m wide, accounting for 70.95m2; The ancestral hall is divided into front and back halls and central patio, with a total area of 301.9m2; The whole ancestral hall covers an area of 535.5㎡. There are two old three-ring stone drums (Ming Dynasty) on both sides of the ancestral hall. Hanging "Guihai" plaque in the front hall; "Wen Kui" and "Wu Kui" plaques are hung on both sides of the back hall; Hanging in the middle of the backyard is the plaque of "Xu Shi Rumors"; Hanging on the left side of the back hall are large plaques of "Three Scholars in a Family" (namely, brothers and fathers and sons) by Xu Tianlun, Dr. Xu Gu of imperial academy and Dr. Xu Hongmo of Shangwan of Guanglu Temple. On the right are Xu Fengxiang's "Imperial Guard" plaque, Xu Peng's "General Xuanwu" plaque, and Adrian Xu's "Doctor Rong Lu" plaque. The word "Fu" hangs in the middle of the back hall, which was given by Yan Xu, the ancestor of Jing Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty, and is engraved with the name of General Wuyi.
In short, the Xu ancestral hall in the Western Wei Dynasty (Guihai) has a long history. There are 6 flagpoles 12, 6 wooden incense burners 1 in Guangxu reform, 2 stone drums with three circles in Ming dynasty and 3 stone tablets in Qing dynasty, which are well preserved so far and have high historical research value. At the same time, the Xus Ancestral Temple in Xiwei (Guihai) was built in the early Ming Dynasty and located in Douxiang Village, Haicheng Town, which is an integral part of the history of Guyue Port. Protecting and studying the Xu ancestral temple in Xiwei (Guihai) is of certain auxiliary function to the research and development of the historical value of Guyue Port, and is also of positive significance to carrying forward the historical humanistic spirit of Longhai, enriching people's cultural and spiritual life, building a harmonious society and promoting the construction of Haixi (some descendants of Xu in Guihai settled in Taiwan Province Province).
Six, Guihai Xu's brilliant tomorrow
Vicissitudes and great changes, the founding of New China and the reform and opening up have brought vitality to Guangdong and Hong Kong. With the opening of Hong Kong as an open city and the opening of Haixi, a series of preferential policies have been tried first, so that Guangdong and Hong Kong have Puxian Wharf, Guangdong-Hong Kong Wharf, Zhenlong Wharf, Hilong Wharf, Landao Wharf and Passenger Wharf, forming a new era of marine wharf system. At this moment of revival, the Xu family in Meijiang has made new contributions and created greater glories. Nowadays, the party and the government attach great importance to the protection of cultural relics. The proposal that Guyue Port and Quanzhou jointly declare the world cultural heritage of the origin of the Maritime Silk Road has been put on file by the Proposal Committee of the CPPCC National Committee, and the Guyue Port fever has quietly arisen.
Looking back on that unforgettable history, I am happy for the prosperous times of China, the bright prospects of reform and opening up, and the construction of Haixi. I also hope that the Xu family in Meijiang and Crescent Harbor will once again become famous at home and abroad.