With the development of science and technology and the great improvement of productivity, a series of social problems such as population explosion, waste of resources, environmental pollution and ecological destruction seriously threaten the survival and development of mankind. In this situation, people put forward the idea of "sustainable development", which can meet the needs of contemporary people without harming the needs of future generations. As one of the important links of sustainable development, the sustainable utilization of land resources is very important. First, the economic characteristics of land resources 1, the selectivity of development and utilization. Land has a fixed geographical position. Although it is immovable, its use is optional, which is manifested in two aspects: First, you can choose plots in different positions for the same purpose. Second, the same piece of land can have multiple uses. 2. The cost of land use is the opportunity cost. Because land resources have many uses, but in a certain period of time, a piece of land can only be used for one purpose, which reflects the opportunity cost of land use, that is, if the same piece of land is used for one purpose and gives up another, it may gain more benefits, or it may not be worth the loss. Therefore, when using land resources, we should comprehensively consider various factors and make scientific decisions. 3, the use of land resources is a comprehensive benefit, including economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits. Land has not only natural attributes, but also socio-economic attributes. The social attribute of land is the sum of the new characteristics endowed by human social and economic activities. When human beings develop and utilize land resources, they will be restricted and influenced by social and ecological factors, and at the same time, they will have various influences on social and ecological environment. Therefore, the benefits of land resources development and utilization are comprehensive benefits including economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits. Second, some countermeasures for the sustainable utilization of land resources in China 1. Reduce the pressure on the land population and improve the quality of the population. In the special contradiction between population and land, human beings must actively adjust the speed and scale of their own reproduction and restrain their land use behavior according to objective natural laws and economic laws. This requires us to: (1) While continuing to strictly implement the family planning policy, gradually establish and improve social security systems such as social insurance, social assistance and social welfare, increase the decline of population growth rate, and effectively control the total population growth. (2) Actively exporting labor services. Going out to work can increase farmers' income, improve living conditions and increase investment in agricultural production; At the same time, farmers can learn advanced technology and management experience, which can not only improve farmers' ability of sustainable utilization of land resources, but also help to promote the virtuous circle evolution of rural closed social environment to openness. (3) improve the quality of the population. ① Increase investment in basic education, especially accelerate the development of education in minority areas and poverty-stricken areas, so as to increase the accumulation speed of human capital. (2) Strengthen the education of "resources and environmental awareness", raise people's awareness of sustainable utilization of land resources, at the same time, pay attention to improving farmers' agricultural technology knowledge and skills, and organize various forms of technical training courses for farmers to improve farmers' awareness.