Keywords building construction energy saving
So far, the energy problem has been concerned by all countries in the world. It is reported that in the world energy consumption, whether in developed or developing countries, the proportion of building energy consumption in the total energy consumption is very large, accounting for about 25%-40%. Therefore, building energy conservation has become the focus of energy conservation.
1, construction requirements for energy-saving buildings
Generally speaking, energy-saving buildings mainly improve the thermal resistance and sealing of the envelope from the aspects of external walls, roofs, doors and windows. , so as to achieve the purpose of saving building energy consumption. The project manager and technical director of the construction unit shall formulate the construction scheme, set up effective quality control points, strictly follow the operation procedures and ensure the necessary construction period according to the construction drawing of energy-saving building design or the special article on energy-saving design, combined with its particularity. Strengthen the pre-job training and technical disclosure of construction operators.
2, energy-saving building construction technical measures
2. 1 wall structure
Hollow brick load-bearing walls are generally made of whole bricks. The holes are vertical, and the long holes are arranged along the wall length. Hollow bricks should not be chiseled. When the whole brick is not enough, solid brick should be used for external masonry. The embedded parts and pipes in the wall hole should be built with solid bricks, which should be reserved or embedded when laying. Do not dig holes and fill holes with cement mortar at will. Avoid joint penetration, unconsolidation and cold-hot bridge on the external wall.
On-site construction personnel draw a block arrangement diagram according to the design and construction drawings, the specific requirements of the project and the construction conditions. In view of the unfavorable factors such as low thermal resistance of block building wall, easy cracking of masonry and painting, easy leakage of mortar joints and cracks, technical measures are taken from the construction point of view.
To make sure. In addition to the acceptance of masonry, concrete structure, earthquake resistance and engineering construction, the technical specifications are for (Technical Specification for Small Concrete Hollow Block Building) (JJ/T 142004) and (Structural Structure of Small Concrete Block Building) (Zhejiang G 16-9 1).
2.2 Wall insulation construction
The construction of wall insulation system is the key link of wall energy-saving measures. The insulation layer of the wall is usually arranged on the inside or outside of the wall. The technical measures set inside are simple, but the thermal insulation effect is not as good as that of the outside. Setting on the outside can save the use area, but the adhesion is poor, and problems such as cracking, water seepage, falling off, weakening durability and so on are easy to occur due to improper measures, and the cost is generally higher than setting on the inside. The construction technology generally adopts plastering, spraying, dry hanging, pasting and compounding. Aim not?
Using the same thermal insulation materials, different construction methods and different construction technical measures. Thermal insulation mortar made of various lightweight aggregates (such as expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, ultra-light ceramic sand, polystyrene particles, pumice, volcanic ash, fly ash, etc.). ) mixed with cement, lime, gypsum, chemical polymer and a small amount of additives in a certain proportion, usually by plastering. Insulation mortar should be in the grassroots quality inspection, the roof waterproof layer construction is completed, without destroying the insulation layer, before the construction of partition walls, door window frames and pipes connected to the wall. During construction, the ambient temperature shall not be lower than 5℃, and attention shall be paid to moisturizing and curing in summer. Thermal insulation mortar plastering is carried out from top to bottom in turn, and attention should be paid to:
(1) When the base is cleaned, leveled and wetted, the surface is not easy to stick to the hair of concrete walls, beams and columns or brush with adhesive.
(2) According to the design requirements, play the standard horizontal line, skirting line or dado line, and widen the corners around doors and windows by 50mm with cement mortar. In order to ensure the thickness of insulation layer, standard ash cake and screed should be made on the wall.
(3) Every time the plastering thickness is about 10mm, it is advisable to continue to the next layer when the bottom layer is tough and the surface has certain strength. Pay attention to moisturizing and curing, but you can't wash it with water. When the mortar hardens, it is forbidden to impact and vibrate.
(4) Thermal insulation mortar is generally set inside. For external use, there must be guarantee measures such as waterproof, anti-cracking and anti-falling.
Polyurethane foam, various thermal insulation coatings, etc. It is usually sprayed. According to the requirements of different products, strictly control the construction environment temperature. Before spraying, the base should be clean, dry and flat, and pay special attention to the uniformity and thickness of the thermal insulation coating. Pay attention to spraying distance, angle, speed and flow.