Write with the dialectical thinking method of full moon and full moon.
Everything in the world is interrelated and influenced by each other, and dialectical thinking is a way of thinking based on the objective relationship between everything in the world to further understand and perceive the world, and to feel the relationship between man and nature in the process of thinking, and then draw some conclusions, as opposed to logical thinking. In logical thinking, things are generally? Either this or that? 、? Really or not? In dialectical thinking, can things exist at the same time? This and that? 、? Is it true or not? Without interfering with normal thinking activities. The viewpoint of connection, the vision of development and the viewpoint of dichotomy are the three sharp tools of dialectical thinking. In writing, if we learn to use dialectical thinking, we can cultivate our dynamic vision of observing and analyzing problems. Especially when thinking is rigid or frozen, dialectical thinking can help us open our minds and broaden our thinking space. It can not only get rid of the situation of having nothing to say when writing, but also make us explain things more clearly, deeply and thoroughly. As Zhu Zhixian, a famous psychologist in China, said? Dialectical thinking can make people look at problems comprehensively and dynamically, and make people go beyond the narrow boundaries of daily experience? .
Learn to use the following main dialectical ways of thinking, and you can write a good composition:
1. Positive and negative. This dialectical way of thinking is common in argumentative writing, which is usually demonstrated from the front and back after the argument is put forward. For example, Fan Kai's "The Spirit of Questioning" contains these two paragraphs:
The first paragraph: Asking questions is a preliminary train of thought and a driving force for research. The acquisition of all knowledge mostly comes from asking questions; New inventions often start with problems. People who are brave and diligent in asking questions will naturally have richer minds and sharper eyes. Where others refuse to think, he will put forward amazing opinions; What others think is ordinary, he will see the extraordinary truth There are many such people all over the world.
The second paragraph: Some people may say that knowledge and truth can be read from books, and teachers will also explain them to us. Study hard and remember it firmly. Why ask more questions? Who said that? Self-righteous? . But if you think about it carefully, you will find that there are many loopholes in his words.
The original intention of the article "The Spirit of Questioning" is to advocate questioning. The first paragraph puts forward the correctness of my own point of view from the front, that is, the benefits brought by asking questions; The second paragraph puts forward the opposite view from the opposite side, that is, not asking questions will bring many disadvantages.
Positive and negative argument is a commonly used and convincing argument method. It compares and contrasts two things, deduces the differences between them, and sets off the conclusion, which is also called comparative method. The characteristics and essence of things are most easily revealed in comparison, especially the comparison of positive and negative things, which has great significance and can leave a deep impression on people. After comparison, the correct argument is more stable.
2. Contact type. When we know things, we must first find out what is the connection between them. We should not only consider the internal and external relations of things, but also consider the vertical and horizontal relations of things in different aspects, levels and stages. Only by understanding these relations can we grasp the main contradiction of things or the main aspects of the main contradiction to write. For example:
Europeans like to eat sardines, but sardines are lazy by nature, often crowded together and have a high mortality rate, so they are difficult to raise. For this reason, people put several catfish in sardines, and catfish like to eat sardines. Sardines flee for survival, and the survival rate is greatly improved by swimming. However, if you put more catfish, sardines will become delicious catfish. How can people taste fresh sardines? It can be seen that the key to eating fresh and fat sardines is to control the input of catfish. Such an example is so rare in our life? Just like the development of a factory, the most important thing is whether the leaders are correct and whether the employees are willing to do it, but can this have nothing to do with the international economic environment, domestic economic situation and relevant policies? It is inevitably related to the supply of raw materials, the sales and transportation of products, the development of agriculture and the prosperity of commerce. The progress of our research is often related to some? Ordinary? Small things together, often Little thoughtlessness and big plans? .
From the connection between sardines and catfish, this passage thinks of the connection between the development of the factory and leaders, employees and policies. And the connection between the progress of learning and small things, which is inseparable from contact everywhere. The discussion was comprehensive, in-depth and convincing.
3. development. Everything in the world is constantly moving, changing and developing. Everything has its history of occurrence, development and extinction, and has its own past, present and future. Therefore, when writing, we should look at the problem from a developmental perspective. With the continuous development of human society, new things and new ideas are constantly emerging. Only by looking at it from a developmental perspective can we draw a correct conclusion. For example, about? Money? This topic was only known in previous years? Look ahead? Instead of? Looking at money? . ? Money? Too many, which was intolerable at that time and was considered capitalism. At that time, people could only concentrate on one thing? Look ahead? Never? Looking at money? . Today, conform to the development of the times. Looking at money? It's been mentioned by people again, and it's becoming the goal that people pursue more and more, and people will never mention it again? Money? The color has changed. For example, the following classmate is standing at the height of the times and looking at waiting with a developmental perspective? Looking at money? Of:
Did we go in? Look ahead? Thought of it at the same time? Looking at money? Yes The socialist market economy requires pushing commodities to the market, and the purpose of pushing commodities to the market is to make money. With money, we can expand reproduction. Production is booming, money will accumulate more and more, and people's lives will get better and better. In this highly competitive situation, both enterprises and factories should pay attention to efficiency. The so-called good benefit is actually to make more money. Only with money can we enter the advanced stage of socialism and the productive society. ? Looking at money? This is the need of the development of the times and the necessity of history.
Of course, advocate? Looking at money? You can't just stare at money, think about money in your heart, and dig your brains to make some money. Some people don't even need their own personality and national dignity for money, which is not what we advocate. Only within the scope permitted by law can we give full play to our true skills, make a splash in the market economy and earn more money. This kind? Looking at money? Our behavior is what we advocate and hope.
4. Parallel. Things are always divided into two parts, and many things always have internal and external causes, advantages and disadvantages, and gains and losses. Therefore, it is also an important embodiment of dialectical thinking to analyze the internal and external causes, advantages and disadvantages, gains and losses of things side by side from two aspects. For example, a mock exam in a certain place has such a question: use? Decisiveness and hesitation? Write a composition according to the topic. Obviously, to write this topic well, we must look at it from the perspective of dichotomy:
Decisiveness is certainly good. When the interruption continues, it will be chaotic? This is what the ancients said, but everything is decisive. Zhuge Liang, a generation of famous soldiers, assisted Shu, winning thousands of miles, and his decision-making wisdom was so majestic; Mao Zedong commanded the three armies, climbed snow-capped mountains and crossed grasslands, and won the decisive battle. What a decisive battle it was! Therefore, decisiveness is not arbitrary, not rigid, but clear.
Of course, hesitation is controversial. Some decisive things are bound to lose opportunities, while others must think twice before they can be decisive. Ma Su lost its street pavilion, which was also caused by Zhu Gekongming's hesitation in employing people. Wu Sangui led the Qing soldiers into the customs because of the hesitation of the Ming government. Therefore, hesitation is not a bad thing, it is just waiting for the opportunity, and it can only be implemented after manpower, material resources, financial resources and investigation are correct. This is the real decisiveness.
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A person should have a broad mind.
To reach the peak of success, a person should have a broad mind in addition to all kinds of efforts. Imagine what great things a man can do if he haggles over trifles like needles and mustard. An open-minded person won't care about those little things. Even if God gives you an unfair treatment, you should focus on the overall situation, be ambitious and look to the future.
Great things can only be achieved by people with broad minds. Li Shimin is a magnanimous historical figure. Wei Zhi used to be an official under Li, the younger brother of Emperor Taizong. Seeing that Li Shimin had made outstanding achievements and talents, he threatened the prince's position and secretly suggested that the prince should get rid of Li Shimin as soon as possible. As a result, Li Shimin saw through him. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he not only forgot old grievances, but also worshipped Wei Zhi as a doctor. It is their magnanimous mind and open mind that finally formed the famous in history? Zhenguan rule? .
An open-minded person can accept other people's opinions and help make up for his own shortcomings. Shortly after Chairman Mao's "A Letter about Poetry" was published in Poetry magazine, a student in Peking University wrote to Chairman Mao saying? Forget youth? what's up Last words should be made? Hey? . Chairman Mao was very happy to see this letter. He specially greeted the responsible comrades in the editorial department of Poetry Magazine and asked him to make corrections according to the opinion of the student from Peking University. Isn't it an admirable story that a people's leader who has made great achievements can humbly accept the guidance of a student without being proud of his lofty status and great contribution?
Narrow-minded and short-sighted people will never achieve anything. Zhou Yu, the general of Wu Dong in the Three Kingdoms, was young and clever, but he was too narrow-minded. When he saw that Kong Ming's talent was superior to his own, he shouted angrily: He Shengliang is a metaphor for being born! ? He couldn't tolerate a stronger person, so he tried to kill Kongming again and again, but Kongming got out of the predicament skillfully, and finally Zhou Yu vomited blood and died, poor thing! Pathetic!