First, the purpose of writing is to explain the author's scientific opinions and explore new theories, new arguments, new explanations and new laws; The research report aims to report the research results and progress. Judging from the title, academic papers have high academic value.

It should be pointed out that all research results can be written into research reports, but not necessarily academic papers, because the materials of research results may not meet the requirements of forming new ideas, and most research results are published in the form of research reports.

Second, in terms of content requirements, academic papers are the most creative part of narrative research topics. They choose the most wonderful and convincing data related to the content of the argument, and form an argument after scientific sorting, comprehensive analysis and judgment. Therefore, writing should include three basic requirements:

Clear arguments, sufficient arguments and scientific arguments should not include the discussion of the general process, and should not include specific observations unrelated to the arguments; The research report is a true record of scientific research achievements, including the important process, methods, observation results and discussion of the results of the whole work.

Thirdly, in terms of data citation, in view of the above two characteristics of academic papers, in order to establish their own new arguments and new insights, we need not only to use the research results of this topic, but also to quote the research results and data of predecessors and different disciplines.

However, the research report can only truthfully report the observation results of this topic, which are all first-hand information. It is generally impossible and unnecessary to quote other people's data in the text, except for the necessary quotations in the frontier and discussion part, because there is no need to discuss the views and it is not necessarily the final result of the topic. In this way, the research report has stronger data value.

Fourthly, as far as the writing format is concerned, the general formats of academic papers are: title, author, author unit, abstract, premise, text, conclusion, references and English abstract, but because of their different contents, they are more complex and diversified than other scientific and technological issues, and there is no shareholder writing format; The writing format of research reports is generally compatible. Therefore, it can be said that academic papers are advanced expressions of scientific research achievements, while research reports are general expressions of scientific research achievements.

Fifth, in terms of confidentiality, academic papers generally do not involve confidentiality issues because they focus on explaining facts and conducting academic discussions; However, the research report focuses on reporting facts and the content is more specific, so it is highly confidential. Therefore, for publicly published research reports, it is necessary to properly handle the key technical parts and data that need to be kept confidential, and some even do not publish them temporarily.

Sixth, about the time difference of publication. In order to form new ideas, academic papers need sufficient materials, strict logical authentication, and sometimes even supplementary experiments. Therefore, writing is difficult, time-consuming and slow to publish; The research report is a truthful description of the research results, and there is no need to form an argument or draw a conclusion. So writing is faster and publishing is faster.

Extended data

Let me start with a few basic principles.

1, facts first.

All the data and examples listed in the research report should be true facts, and there should be no falsehood, fabrication or fabrication. The causal analysis of educational phenomena and the exploration of educational principles and laws in the report should also be based on facts. Every sentence in the scientific research report is decisive.

It must be based on sufficient, credible and convincing facts. Of course, scientific research reports must also distinguish a large number of factual materials needed to study problems from the most convincing factual materials that should be cited when writing reports. Some factual materials, if not closely related to the research topic, should bear the pain and give up what one favours; Some factual materials should be made into intuitive forms such as tables and legends as far as possible.

2. The explanation of the content is logical.

The contents of the empirical research report are generally consistent with the logical development order of the research work. In order to ensure the logic of the research report, we should first consider the development order of the whole research work, and then consider the expression of the report. The logic of the research report is a portrayal of the logic of the whole research idea. Without a good research foundation, you can never write a good research report. Scientific research reports must reflect the objective situation absolutely and truly.

3. References should indicate the source.

It is entirely possible to quote and adopt other people's scientific research achievements in educational research reports, but we must respect other people's labor. On the one hand, we should evaluate and quote realistically; On the other hand, don't turn other people's achievements into your own. Therefore, in the research report, whenever there are quotations from other people's data, research results or opinions, they must be annotated or explained to show the readers the boundaries of the results.

Baidu encyclopedia-academic papers

Baidu Encyclopedia-Research Report