Teacher's message: there is heaven in the world and Suzhou and Hangzhou in the world.

Learning objectives:

1. Accumulate words; Perceive the text as a whole, sort out the writing ideas of the article, and find out the order and order of the author's introduction to the garden; Master the methods of expository writing used in this paper and cultivate the reading and writing ability of expository writing.

2. Try to figure out the language and guide students to experience the characteristics of narrative discussion, flexible expression and concise and vivid language in this explanation.

3. Understand the artistic achievements of Suzhou gardens and appreciate the methods of appreciating China gardens.

Learning focus:

Clear the train of thought of the text, grasp the overall characteristics of Suzhou gardens and the explanation order of this article, and understand the rich connotation of sentences.

Learning difficulties:

Understand the relationship between painting and landscape architecture, clarify the interpretation methods used in this paper, and understand its role.

Learning process:

First, independent inquiry, overall perception

1. Ye Shengtao got it:

Accumulate words

(1) Differentiate pronunciation:

Porch () pond () gully () Mold () appears like a heavy mountain () and rugged () vulgar () ornamental () empty roses () alternately.

(2) Identify the meaning of words and make sentences

Appreciate:

According to local conditions:

Consider:

Mountain after mountain:

Make sentences:

Read the text aloud, please use the following sentences to sum up your feelings after reading it.

This paper introduces Suzhou gardens from the perspective of grasping characteristics.

4. Divide the structural levels and clarify the thinking of the whole paper.

5. Grasp the author's interpretation order and introduce the author's interpretation order in your own words.

6. Take paragraph 4 as an example to discuss the order of partial interpretation.

Second, cooperative exploration, in-depth perception

Read the sixth paragraph of the article carefully and answer the following questions.

7. Summarize the main points of this paragraph.

8. How is the artistic effect of "no division and no boundary" formed?

9. There is a mirror in the garden. Please briefly explain the principle and function of this design basis with physical knowledge.

Third, study appreciation and try to figure out the taste.

10. Ask students to analyze which interpretation methods are used in this paper and realize their functions with examples.

1 1. Using the knowledge learned in this paper, this paper analyzes the interpretation method and the beauty of Chinese stone arch bridges.

Understand the meaning of the following sentences.

(1) If you want me to give you a general impression, I think Suzhou Garden is a specimen of all gardens in China (what does "specimen" mean here? )

(2) If anyone wants to enjoy the gardens in China, Suzhou Gardens can't be missed (can the last sentence be changed to "Who can't miss Suzhou Gardens"? )

(3) In short, everything must exist to form a perfect picture, and the failure of beauty cannot be harmed (remove "everything" and "forever", OK? )

(4) The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art rather than just a technology (what is the difference between "art" and "technology"? )

(5) If the surface of the water looks like a river, always arrange bridges (how about deleting "often"? )

(6) There are ancient vines in several gardens, and the winding and rugged branches are the jewels when a good painting blooms ... (What is the function of this descriptive sentence? )

Fourth, class summary.

Five, classroom norms, self-testing.

Read the passage and answer the questions.

Geyuan in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province is a famous garden with unique style. It was built on the former site of Shouzhi Garden in Ming Dynasty by Huang Zhijun, general manager of Huaiyan during Jiaqing and Daoguang years in Qing Dynasty. At that time, the garden was full of bamboo, which was covered with Dongpo's poem: "It is better to live without bamboo than to eat without meat;" No meat makes people thin, and no bamboo makes people vulgar "to show that the host is good, and because the shape of bamboo leaves is very similar to the word" Ge ",it is named" Ge "Garden, which is famous for its exquisite mountains in four seasons.

Stepping into Geyuanmen, you will see the rocks by the lake, lush bamboo pruning, and uneven stalagmites, just like mushrooms after rain. This is the spring scene in Ge Yuan, with rockery rocks with Chinese zodiac signs in front, all of which are between similarity and dissimilarity, blending with the whole "Spring Mountain" and bamboo forest.

"Spring" goes to "Summer" and bypasses "Yiyuxuan". Suddenly, a six-or seven-meter-high Taihu Rock rockery appeared in front of you, beside the lotus pond surrounded by trees. This is "Summer Mountain" crossing the stone bridge and entering the cave. I just think lotus root is fragrant and green.

Turning the "Crane Pavilion", it is a long building, which is in the shape of "I" and goes along the building. "Autumn comes from the sound of summer rain", and at the end of the corridor is the "autumn mountain" made of Huangshan stone. The idea is bold and rock-breaking. It is said that the great painter Shi once saw this mountain. The mountains are majestic, the peaks are undulating, the cypress is oblique, and the red maple is planted everywhere.

Walking down the autumn mountain and passing through the "Moon Leaking Pavilion", a group of "winter scenery" composed of white quartz stones is greeted. Naughty children like snow lions built mountains with residual snow. There is a white wall to the south of the top of the mountain, and there are four rows of wind tunnels on the wall, which makes people feel very cold.

(1) Explain the bold words in the following phrases.

① Stalagmite is uneven

(2) Stone bridge

(2) The reason why Yangzhou "Geyuan" got its name is

(3) The following sentence can best summarize the characteristics of a garden.

A. Geyuan in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province is a famous garden with a unique style.

B. The garden is full of bamboo, and the shape of bamboo leaves is like a "kudzu".

C. Geyuan is famous for its exquisite mountains in four seasons.

D. The scenery of Geyuan in four seasons has its own characteristics.

(4) This article introduces Ge Yuan and writes it in order. The words that indicate this order mainly include:,,,

(5) As can be seen from the article, Geyuan pursues spring, summer, autumn and winter (fill in one word each).

(6) The structure of this paper is

A.b. Total points

C. Total-Subtotal D.

(7) Explanatory language can be divided into plain and vivid. In this paper, the beauty of language use is explained by taking a section of "Spring in Geyuan" as an example.

Suzhou Garden 13

1. Ye Shengtao (1894 ~ 1988) is a famous modern writer and educator. After the Revolution of 1911, Shengtao changed his mind. There were many works in the 1920s and 1930s, including six short stories such as Diaphragm, Fire, Essay, Footsteps and Fairy Tales. He has written novels such as Night, Overriding Three-Five Fight, etc. He is known as a "beautiful language artist" with his rigorous creative attitude, beautiful language training and simple and natural style.

2. Xie Xuan (xuān xiè) Pond (zh) Chou He (hè) Model (mú) is like a mountain peak, which is rugged (lín xún) and vulgar (yūng).

Carve empty roses

(2) Identify the meaning of words and make sentences

Appreciation: appreciation and evaluation of works of art or cultural relics

Adjust measures to local conditions: design or choose suitable things according to specific terrain.

Consider: consider whether things, words, etc. are feasible or appropriate.

Mountain peaks and cliffs.

3. Angle: A. Architecture B. Garden history C. Tour guide D. Appreciator

Features: A. General features of Suzhou gardens B. Representative gardens

4. The full text can be divided into three parts.

The first part (1 ~ 2) summarizes the status and characteristics of Suzhou gardens.

The second part (3 ~ 9) elaborates the artistic beauty of Suzhou gardens in different categories.

The third part (10) summarizes the full text.

5. Clear organization: This paper adopts the structure of "first induction and then division" to summarize the overall characteristics of Suzhou gardens, and then expounds the general introduction and classification of garden architectural characteristics from all aspects to take care of each other. Taking the understanding of the objective thing of "beauty of pictures" as a clue, it runs through the whole paper.

The author first introduces the position of Suzhou gardens in China garden art, and summarizes the characteristics of Suzhou gardens from the perspective of tourists, that is, "No matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them". Then from the layout of pavilions, the cooperation of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, the level of close-range vision, and three subtle aspects: the beauty of composition in every corner, the beauty of patterns of doors and windows, and the beauty of colors of buildings in the park.

6. Clarity: This paragraph begins with the art of rockery, or overlapping mountains or setting off bamboo trees. Visitors can enjoy the beauty of ancient famous paintings from a distance, while climbing the mountain is like the cooperation between the mountain pond and other scenery, or the two bridges on the river are opposite, each showing its splendor; Or stones, flowers and plants, decorated at will, are all beautiful. Secondly, it is written that there are slender lotus flowers and lively and playful fish in the pond, and the vibrant "picture beauty" runs through the whole paragraph.

7. The main point of this passage is the characteristics of flower walls and corridors.

8. There are walls separated by corridors, but there are all kinds of hollow patterns made of bricks on the walls, and the corridors are mostly on both sides, forming the artistic effect of "separating but not separating, but not dividing"

9. Mirror mounting is based on the principle of plane mirror imaging in physical optics. Through reflection, the layering is increased and the scenery is deepened.

10. This paper adopts the following interpretation methods:

① classification

"In order to achieve this goal, they pay attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up vision."

② Contrast.

"Most buildings in China, from ancient palaces to modern houses, are symmetrical ... Suzhou gardens never pay attention to symmetry."

"Suzhou gardens are different from Beijing gardens, and painting is rarely used."

③ Quotation

"... when tourists come to the garden, no one does not think of saying' as in painting' orally. "

④ Examples

"Or a mountain, or a few hills with bamboo trees, ..."

"There are some books planted next to the steps, and there are ivy or rose woody plants on the grass wall."

⑤ Column number

"Four, eight and twelve fans, taken together, everyone must admire this is a high degree of picture beauty."

1 1. The interpretation methods used in The Beauty of Stone Arch Bridges and Bridges in China are:

For example (1)

"The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge bends like a rainbow."

"The opening of the bridge is not a common semicircle, but like a bow."

(2) Examples

"There are stone arch bridges almost everywhere in China ... the most famous ones are Zhao Zhouqiao in Zhao County, Hebei Province and Lugou Bridge in Fengtai District, Beijing."

The river in Wuzhen, Mao Dun's hometown, is in sharp contrast with the reeds, and there are stone bridges in the south of the Yangtze River, long bridges and stormy bridges.

(3) Column number

"Zhao Zhouqiao is very magnificent, with a total length of 50.82 meters ..."

"(Lugou Bridge) Bridge is 265 meters long ..."

(4) references

"The Zhang family in the Tang Dynasty said that looking at this bridge from a distance is like' when the clouds begin, Changhong drinks the stream'."

"In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang said that it was' making wonders, and people don't know why'"

"There was an Italian Kyle? Polo came to China. In his travel notes, he spoke highly of the bridge, saying it was "unparalleled in the world".

"'Bridges flowing water' is of course poetic beauty, but it is actually more inclined to the formal beauty of painting ..."

12.( 1) "Specimen" originally refers to animals, plants and minerals in their original state or sorted out for reference in study and research. Here is the meaning of model and sample. This word simply explains the important position of Suzhou gardens in all kinds of gardens and its extensive influence on all kinds of gardens.

(2) No, the original sentence highlights "Suzhou Gardens"

(3) it cannot be removed. "Everything" and "never" mean very sure, emphasizing the general characteristics of Suzhou gardens.

(4) "Art" is an activity that emphasizes individual originality, and its achievements can give people aesthetic pleasure and cannot be copied; "Technology" means that there are fixed procedures and skills, and the results are practical things, which can generally be copied in large quantities.

(5) Removing "often" makes the expression meaningless. The original sentence emphasizes the meaning of "most of them, but not all"

(6) This sentence describes the scene of vines fighting for spring, setting off the bustling atmosphere of the garden, which is full of vitality and makes people feel relaxed and happy.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) refers to the answer:

(1)① Uneven length, height and size; inconformity

② Describe neatness

(2) At that time, the garden was full of bamboos, and the shape of bamboo leaves was like a "kudzu".

(3)C

(4) step into space, bypass and turn around.

(5) fun and cool.

(6) Answer

(7) Vivid

The use of words such as "bamboo is luxuriant, stalagmites are uneven, just like mushrooms after rain" and "Zodiac" and "set each other off into interest" vividly illustrate the interesting spring scenery in Ge Yuan, giving people a real feeling.

I. Learning objectives

1. Master the key words.

2. Clarify the structure of general statement and sub-statement, and grasp the characteristics of Suzhou gardens described in the article.

3. Appreciate the diversity of the language of the article and try to find out the accuracy of the words.

4. Understand some commonly used explanation methods in explanatory texts.

Second, information links.

Ye Shengtao (1894- 1988), whose real name is Shao Yun, is Shengtao. Modern famous writer and educator. His creative attitude is rigorous, his language is exquisite and his style is simple and natural. Representative works: Prose collection includes Footsteps Collection, fairy tale includes Scarecrow, ancient hero image, and novel includes Ni Huanzhi.

Third, the overall perception in the preview process

1. Pay attention to the underlined words below.

The porch pond is symmetrical and the hills and valleys are rugged. Explain the following words according to the context.

Appreciate:

According to local conditions:

Failure: Pond: Pattern: Experience:

Similarity: consider:

Mountain after mountain:

Please read the text carefully and complete the following questions.

(1) What are the general characteristics of Suzhou gardens?

(2) Summarize the general idea of each paragraph and clarify the structure of the article.

Fourth, explore and appreciate.

1. In what order is this article explained?

Explain the sequence and characteristics:

Time sequence: arrange the explanation order in time sequence. Often used to explain the development process of things.

Spatial order: Arrange the lecture sequence according to the location of the space. Including from far to near, from outside to inside, from major to minor, etc.

Logical order: arrange the order of interpretation according to the logical relationship of things. Common logical order includes: from generalization to concreteness, from whole to part, from cause to result, from main to secondary, from phenomenon to essence, etc.

2. Find out all kinds of interpretation methods used in this paper and understand the benefits of interpretation methods.

Tip: About the explanation method.

In order to explain the characteristics of things clearly, or to explain things clearly, there must be appropriate interpretation methods. The best method should be chosen according to the object of explanation and the purpose of writing. Of course, the author also has the freedom to choose.

Common explanation methods include examples, comparisons, analogies, list numbers, quotations, definitions, classifications, explanations, list charts and so on.

Five, feedback detection:

There are rockeries and ponds in Suzhou gardens. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art, not just a technology. Designers and craftsmen have looked at calendars all their lives, and there are mountains and valleys in their chests, which makes tourists forget Suzhou city when climbing mountains and only feel that they are in the mountains. As for ponds, most of them refer to running water. Some gardens and ponds in Worry-Free take ponds and ponds as the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is in line with the layout. If the water looks like a river, bridges are usually arranged. If more than two bridges are arranged, then one is the same. Pools and rivers rarely have neat stone banks, and they are always buckled up and down. There are also some exquisite stones placed there, or some flowers and plants planted: this is also to achieve the effect of looking at a painting from all angles. Goldfish or carp of various colors are kept in the pond, and lotus flowers or water lilies are in full bloom in summer and autumn. Visitors can see "fish playing between lotus leaves", which is another painting scene.

Painting is also the main way to plant trees and prune trees in Suzhou gardens. Tall trees and short trees are pitching. Deciduous trees and evergreen trees alternate with each other, and different kinds of flower trees alternate with each other when they bloom, so that you don't feel lonely all year round. There are no pines and cypresses trimmed like pagodas, and there are no roadside trees like parade: because from the aesthetic point of view of Chinese painting, it is not worth taking. Several gardens are full of Gu Teng, and the winding and rugged branches are a good painting. When the flowers bloom, they are full of jewels, which makes tourists feel infinite prosperity and joy, but they can't say it.

1. These two paragraphs respectively expound the characteristics of Suzhou Gardens _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

2. Analyze the bold words in the following statements as needed.

(1) ... This means that you won't feel lonely all the year round.

How do you understand the loneliness here?

___________________________________________________________________

(2) This is also to achieve the effect of painting from all angles.

Because according to the aesthetic point of view of Chinese painting, it is not worth taking.

What do these two "this" mean?

①_______________________________________________________

②_______________________________________________________

3. "Pitching posture" is a picturesque word. Please find two more four-word phrases from the selected paragraph.

The aggregation and transfer of intransitive verbs

Introduce a scene of our school, use the relevant explanation methods learned, arrange the explanation order reasonably, highlight its characteristics, and write a short article of 200-300 words.

The Answer of Suzhou Gardens

With reference answer

Second, 1. allow

zhēn zhólán

2. Appreciation: the process of feeling, understanding and judging works of art. ..

According to local conditions: according to different situations in different places, appropriate measures are stipulated.

Failure: the part of the painting that is not well drawn.

Pond: A relatively large puddle.

Pattern: decorative pattern or figure, characterized by neat, symmetrical and harmonious structure.

Personal experience: see with your own eyes, hear with your own ears, and do it yourself.

Similarity: it means that it should not be the same but the same.

Consider: consider whether things, words, etc. are feasible or appropriate.

Mountains connected with mountains: mountains, small and pointed mountains; Zhang, the peaks are like obstacles, overlapping layers, and mountains are connected.

3.( 1) Ensure that tourists always have a perfect picture in front of them no matter where they stand. (2) The full text is divided into three parts:

The first part (1 paragraph): spoke highly of the special position of Suzhou gardens in China garden art.

The second part (paragraphs 2-9) introduces the similarities and differences of Suzhou gardens.

Always say-perfect picture. (para. 100). 2)

Key points-pay attention to key points: layout (third paragraph), coordination (fourth paragraph), foil (fifth paragraph) and level (sixth paragraph); Pay attention to details: every corner (paragraph 7), door and window pattern (paragraph 8) and color (paragraph 9)

The third part (10) summarizes the full text.

Third, 1. Generalize to the concrete, mainly to the secondary.

2. The interpretation methods adopted in this paper are as follows:

(1) (combined with exercise 2)

Paragraph 1: Comparison between Suzhou gardens and other local gardens-Suzhou gardens are specimens of other local gardens.

The third paragraph: Compare Suzhou gardens with ordinary buildings in China-it shows that Suzhou gardens don't pay attention to symmetry.

The fifth paragraph: Comparing Suzhou gardens with common foreign gardens, such as "pine and cypress building towers" and "street tree parade"-it shows that Suzhou gardens embody China's unique aesthetic taste.

Paragraph 9: Comparison between Suzhou Gardens and Beijing Gardens-It shows that Suzhou Gardens seldom paint, and their styles are simple and leisurely.

Function: Comparatively speaking, the characteristics of Suzhou gardens are more prominent.

(2) For example

The third paragraph: Take pictures as an example. Symmetrical architecture is a pattern painting, not an artistic painting, but the garden is an artistic painting. Artistic painting requires natural interest, not symmetry.

The fifth paragraph: there are no neatly trimmed pines and cypresses like pagodas, and there are no roadside trees like military parades.

Function: The image specifically illustrates the characteristics of the object.

(3) Examples

The fifth paragraph: Several gardens are full of Gu Teng, and the winding and rugged branches are a good painting. Paragraph 6: Several gardens have also installed a large mirror in a proper position.

Paragraph 7: A series of books with grass were planted beside the steps. The wall is covered with ivy or rosewood. If the window is facing the white wall, it will be too monotonous. Add some bamboo or bananas. Function: Explain the characteristics of objects more intuitively.

(4) Classification: "In order to achieve this goal, they pay attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up vision."

(5) Quote: "... when tourists come to the garden, no one does not think of saying' as in painting' orally".

(6) List the numbers: "Four, eight, twelve fans. On the whole, everyone should admire the beauty of high pictures. "

3.a. Use of various expressions (take paragraph 5 as an example): 1 sentence is description, which shows the beauty of the picture against the background of flowers and trees. The second sentence is description, which describes that the high branches are leaning down and the low branches are lifted up, complementing each other and full of movement, giving people a sense of hierarchy. The fourth sentence "because according to the aesthetic point of view of another painting, this is not worth taking." This is a discussion to clarify the artistic effect of this planting.

B. accurate words:

A. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art rather than just a technology.

-"Not only that" shows that the rockery should have technical content, and the rockery in Suzhou garden is more "artistic".

B. If the water looks like a river, bridges are usually arranged.

-"Often" is a general term.

C. But there is one thing in common among different gardens in Suzhou: it seems that designers and craftsmen have the same pursuit: to ensure …

_ _ _ _ _ _ "Like" is a guess, because these gardens are all ancient buildings, and the designers and craftsmen are dead, so we can only guess. "Must" indicates the firm pursuit of designers. D. Suzhou gardens have rockeries and ponds. Suzhou gardens are by no means symmetrical.

_ _ _ _ _ "Du" and "Never" are affirmative, unambiguous, practical and accurate.

C. the use of various rhetorical methods: parallelism: the second paragraph. Question: Paragraph 3. Metaphor: the third paragraph.