1, affiliation: the subtitle of the paper belongs to the main title of the paper;

2. Scope: The main title of the paper summarizes the scope of the whole paper; Subtitle is the summary of different parts of the paper;

3. Generality: the main title is general, comprehensive and concise; Subtitles summarize the same content, only that small part;

4. Format: the main title of the paper is at the top and middle of the paper; Subtitles are at the beginning of the text of the paper, and generally need to indicate the serial number in front.

Extended data summary

Abstract is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short, concise and complete. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.

With the rapid development of computer technology and Internet, online query, retrieval and download of professional data has become an important means of scientific and technological information retrieval. For all kinds of full-text databases or abstract databases on the Internet, abstract index is an important tool for readers to retrieve documents, which provides convenience for the construction and maintenance of scientific and technological information literature retrieval databases.

It is a comprehensive introduction to the paper, so that people can understand the main contents of the paper. After the paper is published, the abstract can be directly used by abstract magazines or various databases without modification or slight modification;

Let readers know the main contents of the paper as soon as possible, so as to supplement the deficiency of the title and avoid misunderstandings, deficiencies and even mistakes that may occur when others write the abstract. Therefore, the quality of abstracts directly affects the retrieval rate and citation frequency of papers.

standard

It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments, and requires a brief description of the purpose, research methods and final conclusion of the research work, with the focus on the conclusion. It is an independent and complete essay, which can be quoted and popularized.

Baidu encyclopedia-paper format

Baidu Encyclopedia-Papers