The true story of Su Dongpo and his concubine Wang Chaoyun is very touching. This paper introduces the 245 issues of History Monthly in Taiwan Province Province, and the excerpts are as follows: On July 5, the third year of Shaosheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1096), Wang Chaoyun, who lived alone with Su Dongpo, died in Huizhou at the age of 34. On the third day of August, Su Dongpo, who was over 60 years old, buried Wang Chaoyun in the southeast of Qi Zen Temple pine forest, opposite the Great Sage Pagoda. Wang Chaoyun died of reciting the Diamond Sutra "Like a dream, like dew, like electricity", so the monks built a pavilion in front of the tomb and listed it as "Six Pavilions".
Su Dongpo was deeply saddened by the untimely death of Wang Chaoyun. In Huizhou, he wrote a sad praise for Chaoyun: history went to famine with guilt. I have a concubine, Wang Chaoyun, who has worked hard all her life, and Wan Li's entourage. Suffering from the epidemic, the jackal died of illness. I read his words of forbearing death and wanted to live under Zen, so I set up a secluded room to hide the body ... to serve my concubine and husband and wife. A woman who marries a man other than her wife is called a concubine. Zuozhuan? Gong of seventeen years: "Women are concubines." Du pre-note: "No concubines. "
True feelings in adversity
In the seventh year of Xining (1074), 39-year-old Su Dongpo was appointed as the general of Hangzhou. In order to reduce the burden of housework for Wang Runzhi, Su Dongpo adopted a girl 12 years old as Wang Runzhi's attendant. She is the aforementioned Wang Chaoyun who died in Huizhou.
Wang Chaoyun Xia Zi was born in Qiantang (present-day Hangzhou) in the eighth year of Jiayou (1063). Because his family is poor, he has never read a book, nor has he read a book. Wang Yuntian is clever and considerate. Since she entered Su Men, she felt that Su Dongpo, though knowledgeable, was amiable. Based on this, Wang Chaoyun paid special attention to Su Dongpo. At that time, Su Dongpo took care of Wang Chaoyun like his own children, teaching her to read and write, play the piano and recite poems. From Wang Chaoyun to Su Jia, Su Dongpo's mood seems to be much better than before.
In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), on July 28th, a disaster suddenly befell Su Dongpo. Su Dongpo, as the satrap of Huzhou, was bound by an imperial official sent by the court and ordered him to drive away chickens and dogs instantly. Sue's home was also copied by her at sixes and sevens. In the face of fierce officers and soldiers, Wang Chaoyun was powerless to stop her. Seeing Su Dongpo arrested, she was heartbroken. While comforting Su Dongpo's wife, Wang Runzhi, she took care of Wang Runzhi's own two youngest sons, Su Chang and Su Guo, and secretly prayed to the gods to bless Su Dongpo. What worries her most is Su Dongpo's life safety. At this time, Wang Chaoyun was 17 years old.
On February 28th of that year/kloc-0, the Wutai poetry case that shocked the ruling and opposition parties was finally closed. Due to Song Shenzong's love for keeping people under the sword, Su Dongpo was demoted to an imperial envoy who was "Huangzhou Yingyong's deputy envoy, Honshu Island's resettlement, and he was not allowed to sign books for business". On the first day of the first month of the following year, Su Dongpo and his eldest son Mai Su, escorted by Yushitai, went to Huangzhou.
In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), the younger son of Wang Chaoyun and Su Jia was escorted to Huangzhou by Su Dongpo's younger brother Su Zhe. I haven't seen Su Dongpo for ten months, and Wang Chaoyun felt very painful inside. ...
In the early days of Su Dongpo's exile in Huangzhou, he did something that people in Huangzhou will never forget, that is, saving a drowning baby in Huangzhou, Hubei. Although Su Dongpo is known as a "guilty minister", he still wrote to Zhu Shouchang, the magistrate of Ezhou, in his own name, begging him to get rid of this bad habit and spontaneously organize a group to go to Huangzhou to save the drowning baby. In the extremely difficult situation of his own life, he took the lead in giving 1000 yuan to help those poor families who were about to have children. Living in Huangzhou is also a great pleasure, thinking that one hundred children can be saved in one year.
Su Dongpo's noble personality and bodhisattva heart deeply touched Wang Chaoyun. Wang Chaoyun had seen Su Dongpo help children abandoned by famine when he was the magistrate of Michigan, but now he sees Su Dongpo is still so generous in adversity. She has infinite respect for Su Dongpo from the bottom of her heart, and she is determined to serve this kind victim all her life. ...
Wang Chaoyun's meticulous care for Su Dongpo, Su Dongpo naturally got the message, and when he saw Wang Chaoyun, who was personable and mature, he also gave birth to love ... In the most difficult period of Su Dongpo's life journey, with the consent of Wang Runzhi, he officially took Wang Chaoyun, who was 18 years old, as his concubine.
Although the age difference between two people is 27 years old, there is no age limit for love. Fierce passion unites a pair of talented people and beautiful women: one is knowledgeable and knowledgeable, the other is sensitive and honest; One is open-minded and the other is gentle. ...
Su Dongpo didn't make a fuss about it, because the ancients didn't need to get engaged or get married. Even so, in a letter to Zhu Shouchang, the magistrate of Ezhou, he told the story euphemistically. The letter said: "The question about Ling Cui is still empty. Yun hequan sent the ear, why bother! Hehe. " Ling Cui, another servant of Wang Runzhi; "Up to now, there is no status", which means there is no birthright today. Cloud refers to the cloud; "It is the right to send her ears", which means that she has been officially accepted as a concubine!
On the evening of the seventh day of July, Su Dongpo and Wang Chaoyun went to Huangzhou Chaotianmen together. Seeing a new moon hanging high in the sky, Su Dongpo's poems are full of joy. He smiled and asked Wang Chaoyun, "What is your greatest wish on such a beautiful night?" ? Chaoyun replied affectionately: "Tonight, all women in the world are begging for wisdom and skills from Weaver Girl, and my body just wants to pray that I will never be separated from my husband and never suffer from that terrible parting again."
Huangzhou Chaotianmen, the southeast gate of Huangzhou City in Song Dynasty, was the imperial gate. In the Ming dynasty, the city wall was renamed as a word gate. Today, the southern end of Kaupeng Street in Huangzhou is its former site.
Su Dongpo was moved by Wang Chaoyun's true feelings! Recalling that I was arrested in Huzhou a year ago really brought a lot of pain to my family. On the roof, he improvised two words "Bodhisattva's Heart", which recorded Wang Chaoyun's simple confession from the heart. One of the sentences is as follows:
At the beginning of painting, there is a crescent moon hanging on the eaves, and only when the light is not full can you worry. Recognize the jade curtain hook from a distance, and Tiansun will wash and dress the building. Beautiful women have good words and are unwilling to seek new tricks. This hatred should be known, I hope people don't leave.
Tanabata, the night of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. Legend has it that Altair and Vega in the sky married privately because of their love, and were punished by the Queen Mother and banned by Tianhe (Galaxy). Only two people are allowed to meet on Tanabata once a year. The Chronicle of Jingchu Age says: "July 7th is the night when morning glory and weavers gather."
The phrase "solitary lamp" means that the moon will disappear before it is round, which means that people will leave before they gather. Here I borrow Wang Chaoyun's "Leaving Sorrow". Lonely light refers to the moon.
The sentence "recognize from a distance" means looking up at the sky. The moon is like a jade hook. As you can imagine, Weaver Girl is combing her hair alone in the building. Tiansun refers to the weaver girl. "Historical Records" Volume 27 "Tianguan Book" contains: "Wu girl, her northern weaver girl. Weaver, Tiannv, Tiansun. " "Suoyin": "Weaver girl, Tiansun also. Case: "Jingzhou Zhan" says: "Weaver girl, heavenly girl, heavenly girl. The toilet building was built by Yang Guifei during Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and it was in the Lotus Palace.
Beauty, beauty, here refers to Wang Chaoyun. In the third year of Yuanfeng, Su Dongpo's second wife, Wang Runzhi, was 33 years old, her son, Su Lang 10, and her youngest son, Su Guo, was 8 years old, so Su Dongpo often called Wang Runzhi an "old wife" or an "old wife" (see Letters with Zhu Shouchang). But "beauty" is appropriate for 18-year-old Wang Chaoyun.
"Unwilling to beg for new skills from the Weaver Girl" means unwilling to beg for new skills from the Weaver Girl. These five words can better explain that "beauty" does not refer to Wang Runzhi, because "innovation" is what young women do. According to legend, the Weaver Girl can endow talented people with wisdom, and young women often seek wisdom and skills from the Weaver Girl on Tanabata, making themselves ingenious, which is called "begging for cleverness" by the people. "Taiping Yu Lan? Timing? " "July 7th" quoted "Local Records" as saying: "On Tanabata, we prayed for Hegu (Cowherd Star) and Weaver Girl, saying that these two stars would meet. The night watchman is willing to worship, begging for wealth and longevity, begging for childless children. Only one can be asked, not two. "
You weaver girls should feel the pain of the separation of husband and wife. I pray that you will bless the lovers in the world never to part.
The pain of losing a child
In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), on September 27th, Wang Chaoyun gave birth to a son for Su Dongpo in Lingaoge, Huangzhou, and 48-year-old Su Dongpo had a baby named Su Zhi.
This adopted son looks strange and looks like Dongpo, Su Like. Su Dongpo wrote a letter to his good friend Cai to report the good news: "Those who wear small sleeves in shine on you will have a son in the near future. If they want to listen, they will clap their hands. " Chaoyun likes to wear blue small sleeve clothes. Cai has seen it several times in Huangzhou, so Su Dongpo nicknamed it "Blue Cloud Sleeve".
1October 27th, it has been one month since Godson was born. According to the custom of Huangzhou, Su Dongpo held a full moon bath for his adopted son. Cai Yang, the magistrate of Huangzhou, came to congratulate him with his colleagues. Scholars, businessmen, citizens, men, women and children from Huangzhou came to Gaoting to congratulate him.
There is a big wooden basin filled with hot water in the center of Lingaoge. There are red dates, gathering lines and onions and garlic floating in the water, and the aroma is tangy. The bathtub is surrounded by dozens of meters of colored cloth. An elderly grandmother, holding a hairpin in her hand, stirred the water, called a bowl, and onlookers poured money into the water, called a basin. The red dates in the basin are always upright, and young women are scrambling to eat them, thinking they are men. Wang Runzhi, surrounded by everyone, took her adopted son out of Chaoyun's bedroom, put him in the washbasin and carefully bathed him. After taking a shower, I asked the barber to shave his fetal hair. After the ceremony, Su Dongpo and Chaoyun expressed their sincere thanks to the guests who came forward to congratulate them. Elder Huangzhou seized this rare opportunity and asked Su Dongpo to write a poem. Su Dongpo thought for a moment, and then said, "Everyone raises their sons for cleverness. I have been delayed by cleverness all my life. I only hope that this child is honest and honest, and there is no disaster and no difficulty in reaching the public. "
In April of the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Dongpo received the imperial edict that Huangzhou moved inland, that is, "Ruzhou Yong ying deputy envoy, Honshu Island resettlement, no official contract". After giving a banquet in Tang Xue to thank his elders in Huangzhou, Su Dongpo and his family embarked on a journey to Ruzhou.
God forbid, another disaster befell Su Dongpo on July 28th of that year. Adopted son, less than one year old, died unfortunately in Jinling because of the fatigue of the journey. Wang Chaoyun succumbed to this cruel blow, crying her eyes out, lying flat in bed, not drinking water or eating rice. Su Dongpo, who was in tears, was very upset when he saw the cloud like this. In pain, he picked up a pen and wrote two poems to comfort Chaoyun's incurable sadness of losing his beloved son:
On September 27th, last year, in Huangzhou, I gave birth to a son, nicknamed Ganer. He is very clever. By July 28th this year, he died of illness in Jinling and wrote two poems to cry about it.
one
I am 49 years old, and I lost my young son. The youngest son is really my son, with eyebrows and horns alike.
If you don't expect what you want, you will wander in the history of books. It seems a shame to shake your head like a pear.
My old man is always full of energy and happy, so I smile and rejoice. Being taken away suddenly, I'm tired of bad karma.
Clothing and wages are exempt from customs, and they are extinct for a while. Returning empty-handed, my eyes filled with tears.
Secondly,
I can still wipe my tears, but I forget them when the days are far away. Mom cried and wanted to die with you.
So the clothes are still hanging and the breasts have flowed to the bed. I feel like I'm going to forget my life and be stiff all day.
Middle-aged people have heard that dreams are described in detail. Tibetan medicine is like a hill, and it is more important to seek prescription in the face of diseases.
Will still love the blade, cut open this aging intestines. Knowing that it is self-defeating, one is afraid of sending it more hurt.
Su Dongpo's poems about crying children gave Wang Chaoyun a lot of comfort. It's just that Wang Chaoyun died of grief. After that, she had no children.
On December 1st of that year, Su Dongpo arrived in Sizhou, where he spent the New Year because the water was shallow and frozen. During this period, Wang Chaoyun learned Buddhism from Bhikuni.
The ups and downs of officialdom
During the period, Su Dongpo was an official in Beijing, and his political career gradually reached the peak of his life because of his grandmother, the Empress Dowager.
One day, after dinner at home, I went for a walk and Gu said to his attendants, "What's your solution?" A maid suddenly said, "It's all articles." Dongpo disagreed. Another humanitarian said, "It's all mechanical." Dongpo didn't think it was appropriate either. When I arrived in Wang Chaoyun, I said, "The bachelor belly is out of date." Dongpo burst into laughter.
In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), Su Dongpo's second wife, Wang Runzhi, died in Beijing at the age of 46. In September, Empress Dowager Gao died of illness. In October, the philosopher ruled the country, and the state affairs changed greatly. Next year, he will be given the title of less saint.
Shao Shengyuan years (1094) in April, Shao * * * said that Su Shi was appointed as a bachelor of Hanlin, and he was writing lyrics, mocking the first emperor, and wrote to Su Shi that he was a bachelor of Ming Dynasty and a bachelor of Hanlin, so he decided to be appointed as a state, and stayed to discuss the affairs of Yingzhou Military State. In June, Shao, who came here, also said that Su Shi despised the first dynasty, and he was responsible for granting the deputy envoy of Ningyuan Army to Huizhou for resettlement. When he arrived in Dangtu, he was ordered to "leave Zuo Cheng to negotiate with Lang, and told Sima Yi 'an of Jianchang Army to be placed in Huizhou, and he was not allowed to sign books and official duties".
After three consecutive falls, Su Dongpo knew that the general trend was not good. In desperation, he dismissed his servants and sent his second son, Su Shi, to Yixing, where he has been eating since his eldest son, Mai Su. Because Wang Chaoyun insisted on serving Su Dongpo forever, Su Dongpo took him and his youngest son, Su Guo, and his second spinster to a relegation place.
On the way, Su Dongpo and Chen Jichang wrote a letter, which said, "I crossed the mountain alone with my youngest son, Laoyun and two old girls."
Su Dongpo lived in exile in Huizhou and sat around with Wang Chaoyun for a day. When a young girl first comes, she is rustling and sad for autumn. She ordered the clouds to turn white and sang "Flowers fade and residual red". The cloud will sing, and tears will fill her skirt. Su Dongpo asked him why, and told him that "a slave can't sing", there are few branches blowing willow, and there are many fragrant grass in the end of the world. "Su Dongpo laughed and said," My government is sad for autumn, and your husband is hurt for spring. "Then stop.
At the very moment when Su Dongpo's political career suddenly fell from the highest point to the lowest point, Wang Chaoyun insisted on going to Huizhou, where Su Dongpo was exiled with him, which once again touched Su Dongpo. In order to show Wang Chaoyun's righteous deeds, he wrote a regular poem for Chaoyun in November of Shaosheng Hospital, and added a small preface before the poem, which is the famous Chaoyun Poetry Talk.
It is said that Lotte once "let old Rome release Yang Liuzhi's words", which is a tribute to his old illness, and he is reluctant to leave. However, there is a poem in the dream: "If spring is over, I can't stay. Who will go with the wind? " Lotte also said, "If you are sick in Lotte, you will return to Fanzi in spring." Actually, Su Fan went. There were several concubines at home, and/kloc-0 resigned one after another in 945. Those who are alone in the clouds will move south. I play this poem because I read Lotte Collection. Chaoyun, surnamed Wang, is from Qiantang. Taste a son, say it's dry, and die before it expires.
Unlike Yang Zhi, who is unhappy, just like Tong De and Ling Xuan.
The Anuluo show is different from the old one, and the goddess Vimo always interprets Zen.
New works of medicine winding furnace, old karma of dancing shirt fan.
Dan cheng chased me away from the three mountains instead of being a fairy dancer.
Yang Liuzhi, a cross-blowing poem in the Han Dynasty, was written as a "broken willow", but it was only a palace poem in the Sui Dynasty. Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, still translated it into a new song. Bai Juyi has a concubine named Su Fan, who is good at singing the word "Yang Liuzhi" and people like to name her after her. When Bai Juyi was old and sick, Su Fan abandoned God. "Unlike Yang Zhi, who is unhappy" means that Wang Chaoyun is not as heartless as Su Fan. Wang Wen's patent case in the Qing Dynasty: "Yisheng Duchang County has the poem" The East Wind Blows Old Peach Blossoms ",and the stone carvings still exist today. This sentence seems to be because of the previous poem. " Peach blossom, Su Dongpo's concubine, also left Dongpo like Su Fan.
Mother of Li in Jin and Zhou Dynasties, Runan. My father, Jun, is General Anton. He went hunting in the rain, stopped to show off his family background and insisted on being a concubine. Father and brother refused, and Xiu said, "Why not spare a daughter?" If you marry a nobleman, you will get great benefits in the future. When I returned to your majesty, later scholars, such as Lu, Song, Mo, Lu and Song, were all prominent and called Lu and others to say, "I am your concubine. If your family doesn't make friends with mine, I will spend the rest of my life without hesitation! " (See Shi Shuo Xin Yu? Yuan Xian, Jin Shu? Su Dongpo compared Chaoyun to a composition show, which means Chaoyun wronged you too much to be my concubine.
Zhou Song, Zhou E's younger brother, went out for a drink, got as drunk as a fiddler and came home angrily. He said to Zhou E, "Your talent is not as good as your brother's, but you have won the same reputation." After a while, he raised a candle and threw it at Zhouyi. Zhouyi smiled and said, "Anu's fire attack will set a good example." Su Dongpo compares Anu to his godson who died young. "Anuluo Xiu is different from the old", which means that the adopted son can't grow up and bring joy to his parents.
"The goddess Vimo always gives meditation" means comparing Chaoyun to a goddess. "Vimalakīrti Jing" contains: "The goddess lived in the Vimalakīrti room, and Todo Loki invented Zen. Vimo said,' This goddess can play games, and the Bodhisattva has magical powers. ”"
Tiaoxi Yuyin Conghua said: "Dongpo's poem" Chaoyun "turned into a Taoist family style regardless of the taste of the bridal chamber. It's not like Lotte's' cherry Su Fan mouth, willow small waist', but self-defeating. "
Died in Huizhou
When Chao Yun died, Su Dongpo's spirit almost collapsed, and no one complained about his inner pain. He had to pick up a pen, catch up with the previous poem, and pin his grief on "mourning the clouds and leading them":
Shao Shengyuan wrote a poem "Towards the Cloud" in November. On July 5th, three years, Chaoyun died in Huizhou, and was buried in the southeast of the pine forest of Zen Temple, reaching the Great Holy Pagoda. It is necessary to clarify its tomb and explain it by myself with the previous poem. Chaoyun couldn't read at first, but suddenly he began to learn books at night, and his writing method was relatively rough. Gai tried to think about the Buddhist doctrine of righteousness of Bhikuni, and also learned something about righteousness. And die, recite four sentences of the Diamond Sutra.
As a seedling, it is amazing not to show off and not to make Tong Wu mysterious to me.
In the scene, I hate that there is no chitose medicine, only Hinayana Zen.
If you want to pay off your old debts when you are sad, you can break your back.
There is no distance to the bamboo root, and the night light is courteous.
"Miao but not Xiu" is what Confucius lamented Yan Yuan's early death. The Analects of Confucius? Zi Han: "If you don't show your seedlings, you will have a husband! Those showy and unreal people have husbands! Later, people used the phrase "the seedlings don't show" to mean that people died before they grew up. Yu Xin, a person from the Southern Liang Dynasty, wrote the Preface to Mourning the Past: "Miao is not beautiful, but often sad. I only feel sad when I mourn my previous death. "
"Don't make Wu and my child mysterious", using the classic "Yangtze": "Are those children who raise children without seedlings my family Wu?" Nine years old, metaphysically with me. "The gathering pace adopted son, died before the age of one.
The phrase "stay in the scenery" means that if you want Wang Chaoyun to live, you hate that there is no elixir of life. The phrase "send a gift" means that when Chaoyun dies, he can only see him off with the Hinayana Zen of Buddhism.
"Sad", in Bai Juyi's poem, "I don't know when I'm old, and I'm afraid of getting married in the future".
In Du Fu's sentence "Lying on the bamboo root", "It's amazing to pour silver and shed jade. * * * always lies on the bamboo root when drunk".
"The night light is a fairy in the tower", which means that I light a green light at night to accompany the soul facing the clouds in the Great Sage Tower.
When Wang Chaoyun was buried in the southeast of the Seven Zen Mountain Temple, Su Dongpo wrote sadly in the Epitaph of Chaoyun:
Mr. Dongpo's concubine is called Chaoyun, whose real name is Wang and she is from Qiantang. Sensitive and honest, Mr. Shi has been in business for 20 years, loyal and respectful. Shao Sheng died in Huizhou in July of three years, at the age of 34. In August, Geng Shen was buried in the southeast of Fuhu Temple. Give birth to a child and die before the due date. Gai often learns Buddhism from Bhikuni Yi Chong, and he also has a general idea. And die, recite four sentences of the Diamond Sutra. Clearly: Buddhism is a vision and a reliance. If you stay in your heart, only the Buddha will come back.
Chao Yunlin recited four sentences of the Diamond Sutra, which shocked ten countries in the world. Three days after the funeral, strong winds and heavy rains followed. On the morning of August 6th, Su Dongpo and his youngest son, Su Guo, visited Chaoyun Tomb in the southeast of Qi Temple. They were surprised to see five huge footprints next to the tomb, so they wrote in Huizhou's praise of Chaoyun book: "Fang is guilty of blaspheming the fine blue, and I am afraid of being shocked." Buried for three days, after the storm, five soul road marks. Is to know the vastness of Buddha's nature and not to choose the subtlety of all beings. Dare to recommend Dan Cheng and bow to the Dharma Society. Every grass and tree in Fushan is blessed by Buddha's light. Tonight, less fragrance and less flowers are full of dharma circles. Lakes and mountains, Anji, the tomb is always strong. Lead the dead, give birth to pure land early. No matter what you see or hear. They all prove that they are supreme bodhi and will never take off the three realms of fire. "
On the 9th of that month, Su Dongpo wrote an inscription on the wall of Qi Temple, saying, "On the evening of August 6th in the third year of Shaosheng, there were five giants in the southeast of Stan Temple. On the ninth day of the month, Su Shi came to see someone. " Su Dongpo is suffering from the death of Chaoyun. In all kinds of helpless loneliness, he can only express his feelings through poetry. The word "Xijiang Moon Plum Blossom" is written against the clouds.
Jade bone's melancholy fog has its own fairy wind. When the sea fairy sent out to explore the fragrant bush. Hang the green hair upside down.
Plain face turns pink, and red lips do not fade when washing makeup. The high spirits disappeared without a trace. Don't dream with pear flowers.
And the word "flowers slow in the rain":
The tender face turned into a cloud with shame, but returned to Wuyang. But there are cold lights and lonely pillows, and the moon is empty. Dragon remembers that at first, at first, I learned to love the phoenix. Unexpectedly, it happened to be three spring peaches and plums, and it was a night of wind and frost.
Dan Qing painted her speechless and unhappy. There are still traces of wearing on the front sleeve, and the fragrance is gradually decreasing. You forget when you are drunk, but you can't remember after drinking. It's all your fault, pillow tears, a thousand lines.