Shen Congwen/Kloc-joined the army after graduating from high school at the age of 0/4. He hates the darkness of the world. After being exposed to new literature, 1923 went to Beijing, but failed to enter the university. Embarrassed, he began to write under the pseudonym "Hugh Yun Yun". From 1930s, he began to construct his own "Xiangxi World" with novels, and completed a series of representative works such as Border Town and Long River. He examined the present situation of urban-rural confrontation at that time from the subjective perspective of "countryman" and criticized the ugliness of modern civilization in the process of entering China. This concept, which is contrary to the masters of new literature, greatly enriches the expression range of modern novels.
There are more than 80 books created by Shen Congwen in his life, which is the largest number of books among modern writers. Early novels include Oranges, After Rain and Others, Witch's Love and so on. The basic theme has been seen, but the urban and rural clues are still unclear, the description of gender relations is shallow, and the purity of literature is poor. After 1930s, his works were quite mature, including Dragon Ball, Hotels and Others, Zhou Shi, Tiger Boy, Black Mini-History, Scenery under the Moon, Eight Horses, Entering Kunming, Selected Novels of Old and New, Housewives and Spring Lantern.
From works to theory, Shen Congwen later completed a series of contrasting urban life forms, such as Xiangxi, Beauty of Rural Life Form and Synthesis of Critical Structure, and put forward his philosophy of "harmony between man and nature", that is, based on nature and returning to nature. The healthy and perfect human nature represented by "Xiangxi", a "beautiful, healthy and natural life form that does not contradict human nature", is exactly the content of all his creations.
Shen Congwen's works
Shen Congwen published more than 30 collections of short stories, such as Zhou Shi and Congwen Subsets, and 6 novellas, such as Border Town and Long River. Shen Congwen is the main executor and thinker of the rural world with special significance. He believes that "beauty lies in life" is obsessed with the beauty of human nature although it is in a hypocritical, selfish and indifferent city. He said, "There may be something in this world." Choose a small piece of land as the foundation and pile it up with hard stones. Exquisite, firm and symmetrical, small but not slender, it is my ideal building, and this hall is dedicated to "humanity" (preface to Selected Works).
Creative style
Shen Congwen's writing style tends to be romantic. He demanded the poetic effect of the novel, combining realism, recalling dreams and symbolism. His language style is simple, the sentence is simple and steep, the trunk is prominent, simple and heavy, simple and vivid, with strong local color, which highlights the unique charm and spirit of rural humanity. The whole work is full of hidden worries and philosophical thinking about life, just like his real and tenacious life, which gives people lessons and enlightenment.
Novel classification
There are two main types of novels created by Shen Congwen. One is about life in western Hunan, and the other is about city life. The former praises the beauty of human nature by describing the primitive and natural life form of Xiangxi people. The latter reveals the loss of urban natural humanity through the corruption of urban life. The rural world in his works shows the overall pattern of opposition and mutual participation with the urban society, while the "distortion of human nature" of the upper class under the urban theme is exposed under the candlelight of the ideal of "harmony between man and nature". It is his unique value scale and philosophical speculation on connotation that constitute the bridge between urban life and rural world under Shen Congwen's pen, and it is precisely because of this criticism of "modern literature" with money as the core and his romantic ideal.
magnum opus
The novella Border Town is his masterpiece, which embodies Shen Congwen's aesthetic ideals of "beauty" and "love" and is his most outstanding work to show the beauty of human nature. Through the love tragedy of his son and daughter Cui Cui's lover in Xiangxi, it reflects that Xiangxi can't grasp its own destiny in the face of "nature" and "personnel", and repeats a sad life from generation to generation, placing the author's national and personal hidden pain.
Fenghuang ancient town
Phoenix, understanding Phoenix, began with Shen Congwen. 190212 On February 28th, Mr. Shen Congwen, a famous writer, historian and archaeologist in China, was born in a typical ancient quadrangle in Zhongying Street, Fenghuang Ancient City. Siheyuan was an old house bought by Shen Hongfu, the grandfather of Shen Congwen, the governor of Guizhou in Qing Dynasty, and was built after being demolished in the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866). It's a bungalow building sealed with firebricks. The quadrangle is divided into front and back floors, with a square red stone patio in the middle and wings on both sides, with the size of * * *1/. The house is a bucket wood structure, closed with a bucket and a pair of walls. Aotou, decorated with horsehead wall and carved doors and windows, is small, chic and antique. The whole building has strong architectural characteristics of Xiangxi in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Mr. Shen Congwen, who became famous in the literary world in the 1920s, was known as "the first-class modern literary writer in China, second only to Lu Xun" (On Shen Congwen by Jefferey C.KinKley) and spent his legendary childhood here.
On 199 1, Shen Congwen's former residence was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of the provincial people's government and was repaired with funds. The former residence now displays Shen Lao's ink, manuscripts, relics and portraits, which has become one of the most attractive cultural landscapes in Phoenix, with an endless stream of tourists every day.
Shen Congwen's life
Shen Congwen's life is bumpy and dedicated. From 19 17 to 1922, wandering in the Yuanshui River Basin in western Hunan. 1923 broke into Beijing, 1923 to 1928 made a living by writing in Beijing; 1928 to 1930 worked as a lecturer at Zhonghua College, and was the editor-in-chief of literary supplements such as Ta Kung Pao and Yi Shi Daily. Qingdao University lecturer 193 1 to1933; 1934 to 1939, editor-in-chief of national Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools in Beijing; 1939 to 1947, Professor The National SouthWest Associated University; Professor Peking University from 1947 to1949; 1950 to 1978, cultural relics researcher, Beijing Chinese History Museum; 1978 to 1988, researcher, Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences. Mr. Shen Congwen's literary works such as Border Town, Xiangxi and Autobiography of Shen Congwen have great influence at home and abroad. His works have been translated and published by more than 40 countries such as Japan, the United States, Britain and the former Soviet Union, and have been selected into university textbooks by the United States, Japan, South Korea, Britain and other countries or regions 10, and twice nominated as Nobel Prize in Literature candidates. Mr Shen Congwen is not only a famous writer, but also a famous historian and archaeologist. He has written and published academic monographs such as China Silk Patterns, Bronze Mirrors of Tang and Song Dynasties, Dragon and Phoenix Art, Lacquerware of Warring States Period, and Research on Ancient Chinese Costume, especially the representative work Research on Ancient Chinese Costume, which has great influence and filled a gap in the cultural history of China.
Shen Congwen's interesting stories about children
19 15 years, Shen Congwen entered the second junior middle school in Fenghuang County from a private school, and transferred to Wenchangge Primary School six months later. Because Shen Congwen is lively and loves to play, he often plays truant and goes to the streets to watch puppet shows, so his schoolbag is hidden in the land temple. On one occasion, he put his schoolbag in the earth temple and watched the play all day. After watching the play, the other children had gone home from school. When he returned to the Earth Temple, he found his schoolbag missing. At this time, he was anxious, but on second thought, it was no big deal that the schoolbag was gone. The next day, he went to school as usual. As soon as he walked under a nanmu tree on campus, he met his class teacher, Mr. Mao. With an irate look on his face, Teacher Mao sent Shen Congwen to kneel under the nanmu tree and asked him loudly where he went yesterday. Shen Congwen knew he couldn't hide it, so he simply replied, "I went to the theatre." Teacher Mao saw that Shen Congwen was so arrogant in playing truant, so he severely criticized: "Diligence is meritorious, drama is useless, trees like to grow up, but you like to be a dwarf under the tree. It's disappointing!" After kneeling for about half an hour, Teacher Mao told him to get up. At this time, Teacher Mao asked Shen Congwen in a gentle tone if he hated the teacher and punished him by kneeling under the tree. Shen Congwen said frankly, "Of course, I hate that you shouldn't be punished and humiliated in front of your classmates." Later, Teacher Mao brought Shen Congwen into the office and slowly enlightened him and said, "The tree grows upward, but you have to kneel down. People should be enterprising, not arrogant and arrogant. " After being patiently persuaded and taught by Teacher Mao, Shen Congwen became brave after knowing his shame, changed his old stubborn temper and studied hard, and his grades improved rapidly.
Shen Congwen cemetery
Mr. Shen Congwen is a famous writer, historian, archaeologist and cultural relic researcher in China. He was born in Fenghuang County, Hunan Province, and died in Beijing on May 1988 at the age of 86.
Mr. Wang has created five million words of works and articles in his life, among which the representative works are Border Town, Long River and Autobiography of Congwen. In his later years, the monograph "Research on Ancient Chinese Costume" filled a blank in the history of China's material culture. Mr. Wang went from Phoenix to the world literary world and won honor for his hometown and nation.
People in his hometown respect him very much. The county party committee and government negotiated with their families and decided to bury Mr. Wang's ashes at the foot of Tingtao Mountain. The Shen family took the initiative to bear the burial expenses.
The "Tingtao" Mountain in Dutian Village is one and a half kilometers away from the center of the county seat. Looking at the distant mountains, it has high aspirations, summer and drinking scenery. If you are close, Guibi's walls will be planted together, which is beautiful. The water will flow through the veins, and the rocks will be crystal clear, like a pearl walking in the mirror, like a fairyland!
The monument to Mr. Wang is made of natural colored stones and looks like a cloud. On the front of the monument, Mr. Ji's handwriting reads: "According to my thoughts, you can understand me; According to my thinking, I can know people. "On the back, I wrote a couplet for my husband and sister Zhang Chonghe, saying,' Never follow, the stars contend; "I am also kind and generous. I am a child." Carved by Professor Liu Huanzhang, a famous sculptor of Central Academy of Fine Arts.
Mr. Wang is famous for his water, diligence, frugality, modesty, generosity and self-improvement all his life. Mr. Wang loves his motherland and his hometown, and always cares about the safety of the country, the prosperity of his hometown, the suffering of the people and the warmth of the people. He is a model for the younger generation to learn and a special cemetery to show his eternal memory!
Fenghuang county people's government
Qingming was founded in 1992.
Shen Congwen's watery marriage with Zhang Zhaohe.
Zhang, a wealthy businessman in Suzhou, is not only rich in land, but also keen to make friends with educational celebrities such as Cai Yuanpei and invest in education. He is also famous for his four talented and beautiful daughters. Later, Zhang Yunhe, the second daughter of this big family, married Zhou Youguang, an accomplished linguist, and Zhang Zhaohe, the third daughter, married Shen Congwen, a famous great writer.
Shortly after Zhang Yun and Zhou Youguang got married, her sister Zhang Zhaohe surrendered under the long-term attack of the famous writer Shen Congwen and became the captive of the master of love letters.
Shen Congwen comes from Xiangxi, a scenic place. The exquisite landscape gave birth to his talent, and the sweet phoenix town gave him a gentle and affectionate character. This outstanding novelist and cultural relic researcher has published more than 30 collections of short stories and 6 novellas in his life. He is one of the few modern writers in China who enjoys world reputation. When Shen Congwen was young, he wrote some trendy vernacular novels and made his mark in the literary world. Because of the introduction of the poet Xu Zhimo, he was hired as a teacher by Hu Shi, president of China College. However, the dull Shen Congwen made a fool of himself in the first class. He never imagined that among the female students who witnessed his embarrassment, Zhang Zhaohe would become his wife.
In desperation, Zhang Zhaohe took all Shen Congwen's love letters to the principal theory, and that principal was Hu Shi.
Zhang Zhaohe, 18 years old, won the first place in women's all-around among college students in China. She is smart, cute and simple. There are many suitors behind Zhao He. She weaves them into "Frog No.1", "Frog No.2" and "Frog No.3". Zhang Yunhe, the second sister, quipped that Shen Congwen could only be ranked as the 13th toad. Shen Congwen, who felt inferior and dull, dared not confess to Zhang Zhaohe. He quietly wrote his first love letter to Zhao He.
The teacher's love letters are sent out one by one, nourishing each other's hearts bit by bit. Zhang Zhaohe, a female student, counted one by one, but remained silent all the time. Later, it was widely rumored in the school that Shen Congwen wanted to commit suicide because he could not pursue Zhang Zhaohe. In desperation, Zhang Zhaohe took all Shen Congwen's love letters to the principal theory, and that principal was Hu Shi.
Zhao He showed the letter to Hu Shi and said, Teachers always treat me like this. President Hu: He loves you very stubbornly. Zhao He answered him at once: I stubbornly don't love him. Hu Shi said: I am also from Anhui. I'll talk to your father and be a matchmaker. Zhao He said at once: Let's not talk about this. It seems that this teacher should not be like this. Without the support of President Hu Shi, we had to let Miss Shen continue to bombard her with sensational words. Shen Congwen started his marathon love letter writing.
Shen Congwen knocked on Zhang's door with a big bag of famous western literature, which Ba Jin suggested him to buy.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/932, I graduated from Zhang Zhaohe University and returned to my hometown in Suzhou. Shen Congwen knocked on the door of the Zhang family with a gift suggested by Ba Jin-a big bag of famous western literature, and the second sister allowed him to come out to meet the unexpected guest. This alley is very narrow. Yunhe said to Shen Congwen standing in the sun: Come in, it's sunny. Shen Congwen didn't come in. Yunhe told him that Third Sister had gone to the library and wasn't at home. Let him come in and wait. Shen Congwen said "I'll go" and left. Shen Congwen returned to the hotel, lying alone in bed thinking, full of Zhang Zhaohe's voice and smile.
When Third Sister came back, Yunhe scolded her: You pretend to study hard and know that he will come today. Zhao He said: I just studied hard, so I didn't know he would come at this time. Allow and let my sister generously invite the teacher to be a guest at home. Zhao He finally got up the courage to invite Shen Congwen back. After Shen Congwen returned to Qingdao, he immediately wrote to his second sister Yunhe, asking her to ask Zhang's attitude towards marriage.
He wrote in the letter: If dad agrees, let me know as soon as possible and let me, a countryman, have a sweet meal. Zhang Zhaohe's father answered enlightened: When children get married, they will take care of themselves.
With this joy, the two sisters went to the post office together and sent a telegram to Shen Congwen. Yunhe's prepared telegram is: Shen Congwen Yun of Qingdao University, Shandong Province. It's simple. Zhao He's: countryman Shen Congwen, have a sweet bar. This may be the earliest vernacular telegram in China, but the post office did not accept it, but accepted it.
After being engaged to Shen Congwen, Zhang Zhaohe came to Qingdao alone to work in the library of Qingdao University in order to get closer to his beloved. Shen Congwen, who is absorbed in writing, has a terrible life. When Zhao He was washing clothes, he found a smashed pawn ticket. It turns out that Shen Congwen pawned a Zhao He ring, but forgot to take it back. 1On September 9th, 933, Shen Congwen and Zhang Zhaohe announced their marriage in the then Beiping Central Park, but no ceremony was held. The new house is a small courtyard in Daziying, Xicheng, Beiping. This matchmaker is Yunhe, so Shen Congwen called her "matchmaker" as soon as he saw his second sister Yunhe.
When I leave Beiping, I intend to spend half a day writing articles. But on this boat, I just want to write to you, and I can't do anything else.
Shortly after the wedding, Shen Congwen returned to his hometown of Phoenix to visit because his mother was critically ill. In his cabin, he wrote to Zhang Zhaohe, who was far away in Beiping, saying: When I leave Beiping, I intend to write letters and articles for half a day. But on this boat, I just want to write to you, and I can't do anything else.
Unfortunately, all the political movements in the 1950s and 1960s never let Shen Congwen go. Repeated and overwhelming blows made Shen Congwen, who was excessively depressed, fall into a morbid crazy state. He kept chanting "Go back to Xiangxi, I want to go back to Xiangxi". Zhang Zhaohe silently faced this situation, tears could not help rolling down. Later, with his wife's careful care and medication, Shen Congwen gradually recovered. These unforgettable experiences made his mind immune to suffering and made him and his wife survive the hard times. 1May, 988 10, Shen Congwen passed away peacefully, leaving his infinite attachment to his white-haired wife, just as he left his infinite tenderness in Xiangxi.