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Topic composition is the mainstream topic in the composition of senior high school entrance examination in recent years. It provides a paragraph of text, and then lets students expand it in association, and give full play to their respective language abilities to complete the composition. Among them, self-made topics, without restrictions on style, are conducive to the level of candidates, to the writing of candidates with different ways of thinking, to the writing of candidates from different regions, and the fairness of the test questions is high. This type of composition, because it can truly test the writing level of candidates-candidates should first read the materials provided, understand the requirements of writing, and also develop reasonable human imagination, this kind of association and logical reasoning in connection with real life. Writing articles in words is a comprehensive test of Chinese knowledge and ability, so it is recognized as the best writing method in the examination room and is adopted by more and more proposition points in the country. Kunming senior high school entrance examination is obviously in the forefront of the country in this respect: it has been two years since the topic composition examination began in 2000. How to face this new question type? Here I want to talk to the candidates about my own ideas.

Topic composition is a paragraph of text provided by the proposer in advance, which allows candidates to imagine and write according to the materials. Topic composition is different from material composition. Although the form is similar, the topic composition is not limited to style, which is convenient for students to play. However, the composition for materials is often limited in style: the content is limited, and students' writing must be generated from the materials, which can only be written as articles that are unfolded, continued or read, which is not conducive to the normal play of all kinds of candidates.

So, how can I write a good topic composition?

1. Understand the limitations of materials? Namely, mandatory and instructive. Restrictions include restrictions on writing content, central idea, person, time and space scope, expression and so on. Directional writing should be based on the provided materials and writing requirements.

2. Steps to master topic composition:? 1 Read the contents of the material. ? Extract the central idea from the material. ? According to the given material content and the center extracted from the material, the association of this and that is developed in connection with real life, which is extended and exerted by "material". Or do you remember the narrative? Narration or arguing about things because of people? Argumentative essay or introduction? Explanatory text? Arrange the structure of the article according to your own style and determine the expression that meets the stylistic requirements. ? Read the writing requirements carefully and write as required.

3. Clarify the basic style of the topic composition-narrative, argumentative and post-reading? There are not only stylistic features of argumentative and practical writing, but also writing points and requirements of expository writing.

4. There are two kinds of carriers to understand the topic: words and pictures.

Let me give you an example to talk about topic composition writing:

For example? When you hold a bronze diploma in your hand, you remember that you are about to leave the beautiful campus, familiar classrooms, hard-working gardeners, classmates who live together day and night, and everything at your alma mater ... A strong attachment rises in your heart. At this time, you will definitely have a lot of feelings; Or there will be many memories; Or you want to introduce your beautiful school to everyone. Please choose one of the topics to write, the number of words is not less than 500, the topic is self-made and the style is not limited. The name and name of the school must be fictitious.

The writing points and methods of topic narrative.

1 review the meaning of the question; ? 2 reading materials; ? 3. Take the meaning of the question as the train of thought and the content of the topic as the narrative object and scope to express the meaning of the question or the central idea of the topic content.

For example, the topic is I miss my alma mater. The title reveals that the center of this article is to express the feeling of "missing your alma mater". What do you miss about your alma mater, why, how and the background? That is, the object and scope of this article are clearly indicated in the title. The style of the paper is mainly to remember people and narrate-that is, from the five aspects given by the title-the campus, classroom, teachers, classmates and trees of the alma mater, or choose one of them to write, or list several aspects to write what is worth remembering about the alma mater. On this basis, combining discussion and lyric appropriately, it points out why and how to miss, thus highlighting the center of "missing my alma mater".

To sum up, the writing of topic narrative can be summarized as "reading the topic carefully, understanding the materials and clarifying the meaning of the topic". Specifically, candidates should start from the scenes shown in the topic materials, inspire and guide according to the topic, and through reasonable imagination? Thinking in images and reasoning? Logical thinking, contact personal life experience, and creatively reproduce the scene. This requires candidates to carefully consider the topic and the materials provided, and cannot deviate from or exceed the orientation of the topic and the theme of the materials.

The writing points and methods of this self-designed topic narrative mainly include:

1 draw up the title. Three principles should be followed: ① the topic must be summarized from the supply of materials, which is consistent with the supply of materials; The title must be able to reveal the content and center of this article and make the finishing point? The role of literary eyes; The text of the topic should be concise and vivid, novel and eye-catching, and see the big picture from the small.

According to the scenes and plots implied in the materials, candidates must develop rich imagination accordingly? It is allowed to re-create the fiction based on the loyalty to life and the reasonable association between this and that, and reproduce the school scene to enhance the artistic appeal and highlight the center.

3. Record the narrative of the characters according to the context of the material, and arrange the writing order and details. Reflected in how to start and end, transition and care, focusing on the narrative and description of school life. Strive to be consistent with the material, but also extend and play.

Second, the writing points and methods of topical argumentative essays.

The purpose of topic argumentative writing is to ask students to extract arguments from materials, arouse thinking and speculation, and connect with reality such as society, life and thought. , and choose the appropriate argument to demonstrate the argument in detail. His writing process generally goes through six stages: reading materials, analyzing materials, evaluating materials, drawing opinions, discussing and drawing conclusions. The main points and methods of topic argumentative writing are:

1. Look at the material, grasp the essence of the material, extract the central argument from it, and lead the full text.

There are various carriers of topics, such as argumentative papers or narratives, famous words and materials, pictures and so on. No matter what kind of carrier it is, we must examine it clearly. Understand the content and essence of the material, that is, what problems are raised by the material and what are the connotations of the problems? What is the essential meaning? This is the basis of argument and the orientation of discussion in writing, which plays a decisive role in the success or failure of an article. We must take it seriously and be cautious.

How to review the materials?

1 read the feed, summarize the center from it, and establish an argument based on it. With the central argument, and completely consistent with the meaning and materials, we can choose arguments around the argument for analysis and discussion. For example, the above examples can extract arguments such as "respecting teachers and valuing education" and "environment and success".

2 analyze the relationship between things in the material? Or things, and clarify their interrelationships.

3 Grasp the key in the material? The central sentence, following the trace, extracts the central argument and always leads the full text.

2. Master the essentials of argumentative writing.

The essentials can be summarized as "introduction, analysis, point, connection and conclusion". Specifically, it is:

1 quotation. At the beginning of the article: extract the best idea from the abstract? Argument or the central sentence that can be extended and exerted most? Keywords are introduced into the text. All quotes, all quotes, or intentional quotes make the content of the article "living water" and "tree with roots", so as to discuss it closely with supply.

2 analysis. This paper makes a dialectical analysis of the cited materials from different angles, such as positive and negative, present and past, Chinese and foreign, praise and criticism, in order to show the argument. However, the analysis should not be too long, so as not to talk about the matter and usurp the role of the host. Both of the above steps are problems? The introduction should be omitted.

Three o'clock. On the basis of analyzing the cited materials, the refined arguments are presented in a natural way. Connecting the preceding with the following, transition to contact with society, life and ideological reality, and choose arguments to demonstrate arguments. The argument is clear and profound, and the sentence is concise and to the point.

Four links. Linking arguments with practice, using typical arguments, examples, or reasoning, and using the best argumentation methods, positive and negative comparisons, or metaphors to prove them? Prove an argument by analogy or step by step. ? 3 ? 4 two-step analysis questions? This part is the main body of the full text and should be written in detail.

Five stanzas. Summarize the content of the demonstration process and draw a conclusion. Do it in the spirit of breastfeeding; And stick to the arguments extracted from the abstract. Is it to solve the problem? The conclusion can be omitted.

The writing points and methods of three questions after reading.

Post-reading feeling is a kind of composition in argumentative writing, which requires candidates to write their own feelings or make comments after reading the materials provided.

The summary can be a meaningful paragraph, a short article or a cartoon; Can it also be a learned text or a book or a movie? The synopsis of the story in the play. The main points of his writing are embodied in five links: the brief introduction of materials, the derivation of feelings, the exertion of feelings, and the elaboration and summary of the full text, which must be closely related and correspond to each other. According to these five links, the four-step writing method of "introduction, discussion, connection and conclusion" is summarized:

1 quotation. Do you simply quote the center of supply or the thing or person that moves and educates you the most, and draw a feeling point from it as the beginning and introduction? Total text. There are four basic narrative methods: summary, comment, feeling and question.

Take the feeling of reading A Mountain of Yugong as an example;

① Summarize the quotation: "The old fool, who is nearly ninety years old, suffers from two high mountains blocking traffic and inconvenient access, so he mobilized the whole family to' work together to avoid danger'. Although ridiculed and discouraged by the wise man, he made up his mind to dig mountains and finally touched God and realized his wish. The key to the success of Gong Yu Yishan lies in his perseverance and perseverance. "

2 Commentary: "If there is a pile of soil, it may not be difficult to move, but it is great. The second mountain of the prince of Wu is a' high Wan Ren'; If you are strong, it may not be hard to dig mountains and collect soil, but Gong Yu in Beishan is 90 years old; If you have modern tools, it may not be difficult to blow up stones and move mountains: but Yugong digs his shoulders by hand? Lift,' knock on the soil and transport the dustpan at the bottom of the Bohai Sea'. Old and frail, with poor tools and insufficient manpower, we are faced with two "high Wan Ren" mountains. But Gong Yu didn't flinch. With perseverance and perseverance, he dug the mountain and finally succeeded. It can be seen that success is inseparable from perseverance and perseverance. " Comment on the supply. Bow? Feel it.

(3) Emotional Quotations: "After reading" Yu Gong Yi Shan ",the image of Yu Gong lingers in my mind. I seem to see that white-haired silly old man with his grandson and others who are only seven or eight years old digging mountains and collecting soil every day. It is hot in Leng Xia in winter and it never stops raining. My ear seems to echo the voice of the foolish old man refuting the wise man:' children and grandchildren are infinite, mountains do not increase, why bother and be uneven?' What valuable perseverance and perseverance? With this down-to-earth perseverance and perseverance, what else can't be done well in the world? "Talk about your feelings and thoughts about feeding.

(4) Question Quotation: "Dear students, who doesn't want to get good grades and have an ideal job to win glory for their parents and the motherland in the future?" However, many students often lose heart and lose confidence and courage in the future when they encounter difficulties or setbacks. Why? Today, I reread "A Fool Moves Mountains" and realized that a beautiful ideal can't be achieved without perseverance and perseverance. Put forward the problems found in feeding, and then draw out the feeling points from the problems.

2 discussion. Is it to analyze the connotation of feedback around "feeling point" and transplant "feeling point" Internalize into arguments, reveal the internal relationship between arguments and materials, and complete the second process from reading to feeling. Many classmates? Including the teacher directly using "emotional point" as an argument; After drawing out the feeling point, it is a mistake of thinking "offside" to discuss directly with reality without material, which is detrimental to the originality and objectivity of the argument.

Example:? Immediately after the above "summary at the beginning", "We must fully affirm that the success of Gong Yu's moving mountains depends on perseverance and perseverance. I would like to ask: in the face of two big mountains, can you persist with your old body and simple tools to dig mountains and transport earth? Dig a hoe at a time, pick a dustpan at a time, and move the two mountains without perseverance, okay? It can be seen that anyone who wants to do something and achieve great things must have the perseverance and perseverance of Gong Yu. "

After such discussion, the "feeling point" is naturally internalized as an "argument", and the argument has a reasonable connection with the supply of materials. On this basis, it is more objective and comprehensive to discuss.

Three links This is to discuss this argument in combination with social reality. This is the main part of the feeling after reading, that is, the concrete embodiment of using "material" "Sense" can only have new meaning and profound meaning by using "things"; Make the argument convincing.

In connection with social reality, we should pay attention to: ① we should stick to the argument; (2) keeping consistent with the concept orientation of feeding; (3) "Play" must be based on demonstration and feeding guidance.

Four quarters. It is the induction and summary of the full text, so as to closely follow the beginning of material supply and care, emphasize and deepen the argument.

The writing points and methods of four thematic expositions.

The topic composition can also be written as an expository article. This requires students to pay attention to the following aspects in writing:

1 Grasp the declared object. For example, in the previous example, if you say "or you want to introduce your beautiful school to everyone" in the composition requirements, it means that you can introduce the school and explain the object clearly.

2 Find out the characteristics of the object. What about school? It can be a reasonable layout of the school or a unique building of the school; It can be beautiful flowers and trees, or it can be a distinctive symbol of the school. Pay attention to the combination of point and surface in the explanation, and be specific and appropriate: make the characteristics stand out.

3. Comprehensive use of interpretation. In writing, we must pay attention to the comprehensive application of explanation methods, so that the article is vivid and readable on the premise of scientific and accurate introduction to the school.

The writing points and methods of five-topic poems.

In the past, it was forbidden to write poems on topics, because poems were difficult to grasp and did not belong to the writing requirements of junior high school Chinese. However, with the deepening of Chinese teaching reform in recent years, Kunming senior high school entrance examination has lifted the restrictions on poetry writing since last year. However, judging from last year's marking, it is obvious that both candidates and teachers have not adapted to this new change, and there is no poetic composition. In order to adapt to this new form change, what should candidates pay attention to, especially those with poetic talent?

The poetic image of 1 Poetry should have images. No matter whether it is an ancient poem or a modern poem, there can be no good poem without images. Memories of what we have learned, such as the spring snow in Qinyuan, climbing stairs, going to ulanova and Huangpu River, all have vivid images.

2 the emotional nature of poetry. The important feature of poetry is that it is emotional and pays great attention to emotional tone. Such as "Premier Zhou, where are you", 1 1 the storm on the 4th of the month, etc. Have different feelings and different contents. Sometimes the content of a poem is the same, but the emotional tone is different, which is the same as farewell. The poet expressed different feelings in his poems, such as Farewell to Yuan Ershi's Anxi, Farewell to Meng Haoran to Yangzhou by the Yellow Crane Tower, Farewell to Jingci Temple and Farewell to Tian Li Wu's Home.

3 the number of words in poetry. This is what students who write poems are most concerned about, so as not to be fined no more than 500 words in the examination room. Actually, candidates don't have to worry about this. At the same time, the proposition teacher considers the number of words in poetry, so it is stipulated in the marking that each line of poetry is counted as 20 words.

In addition, it can also be written in the form of drama because it is not limited by style. In short, the topic composition is to fully explore the actual language ability of each candidate, and it is indeed a relatively fair form of composition examination. Of course, how to test this form of composition well, for this year's candidates, still need to work hard to accumulate training, in order to make themselves one step ahead in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination.