Secondly, the pen and ink should be concentrated and the language should be concise. We know that the evaluation of works is an argument, and the concrete analysis of works is to demonstrate arguments with arguments. If the pen and ink are scattered and the language drags on, it is bound to be impossible to evaluate the works in depth and demonstrate the arguments with extremely limited space.
Third, the structure should be bright. It is best to put forward the evaluation of the work directly from the beginning and prove it below to form a total score structure. If you must add a summary to summarize the above, you will form a total score structure, but you can't force it, so as not to gild the lily.
Fourth, we should have the flavor of literary criticism, try our best to evaluate and analyze the works in vivid language, and infiltrate our own views into charming and aesthetic words. At the same time, some literary criticism terms should be used appropriately to enhance the flavor of literary criticism.
It should be emphasized here that form serves the content, and conversely, the content needs to be expressed through form. Therefore, when evaluating the artistic characteristics of a work, we must not abandon the ideological nature, and when evaluating the ideological nature of a work, we can also appropriately mention the means of expression. Of course, their emphasis is different.
Let's take a look at this example-
Title:
Read Taiwan Province poet Yu Guangzhong's Homesickness carefully, and write a small literary criticism of less than 200 words.
When I was a child/homesickness was a small stamp/I was here/my mother grew up there/homesickness was a narrow ticket/I was here/the bride was there.
Later/homesickness was a low grave/I was outside/my mother was inside. Now/homesickness is a shallow strait/I am here/the mainland is there.
Example 1:
Youyou strait Qing
-Comment on the profound meaning contained in homesickness-Comment content
The poem "Homesickness" is rich and profound in meaning, and tells the long-standing feelings of people across the Taiwan Strait who miss their homeland in the mainland with a unique style.
In the first three verses of this poem, the author has played up a strong homesickness. At the end of the poem, the author skillfully and appropriately compares homesickness to a strait isolated from the mainland, thus pinning the author's long homesickness for the mainland and relatives in his twilight years. Due to the rendering of the first three verses, this "homesickness" is more intense, and it is not difficult for us to taste the bitter taste, that is, the disappointment that we failed to taste for various reasons, thus deepening the theme of the poem and receiving good artistic effects. (Huang Hengcan)
Example 2:
Jumping Nostalgia —— Comment on Artistic Features
-Comment on the artistic appeal of Homesickness
Homesickness is the shadow of my heart and the projection of my emotions. The poem "Homesickness" contains true feelings in simplicity and eternity in the middle, which gives people a profound artistic appeal.
Homesickness in the poem is jumping and tossing, from "small stamps" to "narrow boat tickets" to "low graves" to "shallow bays", but homesickness is eternal in the author's mind. In order to reflect "homesickness now", the whole poem focuses on the layout of the pattern, and the last paragraph is caused by the accumulation of the first three paragraphs, which not only exaggerates the strong color of homesickness, but also sublimates and sinks homesickness. Readers can easily extract its artistic essence from this sad little poem, which is the result of emotional people. (Zhao Siyi)
Example 3:
You don't have to cry.
-Comment on Metonymy in Homesickness-Comment on Writing Techniques
A major feature of homesickness is the use of metonymic rhetoric to express strong homesickness. The poet is original, using "small stamps", "narrow boat tickets", "short graves" and "shallow bays" to replace the homesickness in different periods, such as childhood, growth, later and present, and make it materialized. At first glance, it seems a bit free and easy to "let's wave goodbye", but after reading it several times, you will feel the tears of the poet, and you will be moved by the deep affection between mother and son, the relationship between husband and wife, and the wanderer's longing for the reunification of the motherland. It is stamps, boat tickets, graves and straits that show the poet's constant sadness; Crying, no tears, is achieved through agency. (You Fang)
General comments:
Some of these three micro-literary reviews comment on the ideological content of Homesickness, while others comment on its artistic features, which is quite legal. They all focus on a little, the angle is not big, the evaluation is pertinent, the pen and ink are concentrated, the analysis is reasonable, and the text is concise. As for the bright structure, it is clear at a glance, needless to say; Clear hierarchy and fluent language are also the same characteristics. Proper use of some literary criticism terms in writing is more characteristic of literary criticism. In addition, the title of each article is quite artistic, which also adds elegance to micro-comments.
Review mode
Start:
1. Repeat the outline. In the retelling of the full-text plot outline, the key points are prominent and there is no expression.
2. Lead to the argument: a judgment sentence, the subject is the object. Choose the one with the most feeling.
Content: See the theme from the characters.
Form: Choose from the following aspects: characterization (several aspects of personality), structure (twists and turns, coincidence, misunderstanding, clues, etc. ), language (personalization, life) and skills (comparison, irony, absorption of other stylistic features, etc. ).
In the middle:
1. analysis is the main method. The argument is the work itself, editing and comments. Divide into two or more aspects.
2. Assisted by other argumentation methods, such as quotation, analogy and reduction to absurdity.
3. Connect with reality and extend reality. The content is mainly the social significance of the theme. Forms include: comparison and development of typical significance and artistic characteristics.
Ending:
1. Reiterate the beginning of the quotation and further clarify and deepen the argument.
2. Send out feelings.
Comments: Emphasis is placed on the critic's point of view, and sometimes only the original text is used as the material to quote the critic's point of view, which is widely discussed. Good comments and authoritative comments have an inestimable effect on the literary status and social influence of the original work, and have certain academic value, which can be counted as academic papers.
Second, the characteristics of literary criticism
1. scientific
It is scientific to reveal the truth and explain the essential characteristics of the inherent laws of things, that is, to know trade and goods, to have a keen eye, to accurately analyze and evaluate the original text, to seek truth from facts, not to praise beauty, not to hide evil, and to use accurate and rigorous language.
2. Logic
Thinking is in line with the law and expression is organized. From the content to the structural layout, we must have a certain logical level, pay attention to certain rules and regulations, do not "cook in one pot", and talk a lot.
Have an artistic sense
Use accurate, vivid and vivid language to describe the visible, audible and tangible image, so that literary criticism can be combined with arts and sciences instead of dry and vague preaching, and at the same time, it is full of feelings for the object of comment, so that it can be combined with reason, infectious and has its own unique views and styles.
Targeted
For specific writers' works, we should make it clear what to evaluate, why to evaluate and how to evaluate, and don't grab a bowl of tofu and a bowl of tofu without knowing what to say.
5. Sociality
Literary criticism is often closely related to the era in which critics live, the critical standards they hold, the social requirements and the development of literature itself. The same writer and the same work will have different evaluations in different periods, different regions and different readers.
Step 6 guide
Literary criticism is of guiding significance to social reality, literature itself and readers' understanding, which actually determines the value of literary criticism.
Third, the writing of literary criticism
1. meets the following conditions
(1) Have a rigorous learning attitude; ② Have corresponding life experience; ③ Have high theoretical attainments; ④ Have a certain literary accomplishment; ⑤ Excellent writing skills; Passion means the ability to feel life and work.
2. Make the following preparations
(1) Read the original carefully; (2) Understand the writer's life; (3) Studying the time when the works were produced and the background of the times; (4) Investigate the feedback from the masses and read the existing review articles; ⑤ Collect rich reference materials; ⑥ Make a lot of cards; ⑦ Determine the comment object and main attack direction; 8 Make an outline.
3. Start from the following aspects.
(1) Comment on the ideological content of the work.
Try to figure out the author's thoughts and feelings, grasp whether the general trend of the work is progressing, whether it meets the interests and aesthetic requirements of the broad masses of the people, whether it truly and profoundly reflects the characteristics of the times and reveals social laws.
② Comment on the artistry of the works.
A. Artistic image (character image): analyze the personality characteristics of characters such as language, movements and inner activities and their typical significance; Analyze the historical environment of character activities and the relationship between characters; Analyze whether the character's own growth history is inconsistent and reasonable; Reflect social projection in different periods through characters.
B. Art form: including the analysis and evaluation of plot setting, clue arrangement, detail description, language use (character language and author's narrative language), author's style, author's artistic conception and expression techniques.
(3) comment on the contribution and status of authors and works.
By means of comparison, contact and textual research, this paper makes a pertinent evaluation of the works of authors in different periods, similar works of different authors in the same period and similar works of different authors in different periods, and determines the contribution and status of authors and works in the literary field or society.
4. Master the following methods
(1) Retell the argument
Focusing on the issues to be discussed, I choose to quote the relevant original text and elaborate my own views on this basis.
② General analysis
Summarize the ideological content and artistic features of the work with concise language, give readers a clear overall impression, and then analyze various factors of the work itself and their relationships, explain and compare them, so that readers can have a thorough understanding of the work itself, and thus believe that the critic's point of view is not passive water.
③ contact comparison
Analyze and compare the characteristics of the author's works in different periods, or the works of other authors of the same type in the same period, or show the facts in life, highlight their personality, affirm their advantages and disadvantages, and explore their historical and practical significance.
4 both sense and reason.
Rationality refers to the logical power shown by commentators in their comments through rational analysis; Emotion refers to the process in which a commentator permeates his love, hate and hatred into his comments, so that the comments have inherent emotional power, which can infect readers and achieve the effect of comments.
Choose the right posture
According to the stylistic characteristics of the object of comment, try to choose a harmonious, unified and appropriate comment style. Such as: ① literary style; ② Prose style; (3) epistolary style; 4 dialogue; ⑤ Preface and postscript; ⑥ Comment type; ⑦ textual research formula; ⑧ poetic style; Pet-name ruby and original integration.