On the difference between idealism and materialism: materialism and idealism have existed in the world since the first day of human understanding of the world. Generally speaking, materialism attributes the origin of the world to matter and thinks that they are moving and changing. It practices according to the superficial phenomenon of matter, and the slogan is to practice knowledge and seek truth from facts, so as to obtain its own maximum interests. This is the perceptual world and the pursuit of material life. Its characteristic is that existence is the first and thinking is the second. Idealism, on the other hand, holds that human thought and reason are the origin of the world, and the unattainable can be invented and created through rational thinking. Its slogan is to dare to think and do and get what you want, which is to evolve from the perceptual world to the rational world and from the pursuit of material life to the pursuit of spiritual life. For thousands of years, people with two world views have been arguing endlessly, and no one can convince anyone. And why does Marxism lead the world? This is a misunderstanding of people all over the world, because everyone says that Marx adheres to materialism and opposes idealism. In fact, Marx's success lies in his combination of Hegel's idealist dialectics and Feuerbach's materialism, which is the direct theoretical source of Marxist philosophy! Marx believes that materialism can bring inexhaustible materials to human beings, and idealism can bring stability and unity through doing what one can. This is paradise on earth! For example, people in China like to play an intellectual game, which comes first, the chicken or the egg, which is washed clean or out of sight. I think materialism can't admit that the chicken comes first, and idealism can be solved. The reason is that idealism believes that chickens are mutated from other species through reasoning, and other species are composed of various single cells. As for the changes inside the egg, it depends entirely on the genetic genes of the chicken! Because this kind of reasoning violates the objective existence principle of materialism, they have been arguing endlessly! No matter how idealistic you are, you can't explain the truth of washing completely. For example, although you didn't see a full toilet, the dirty things in the toilet still entered your stomach alive. Materialism can solve this world problem. I saw on TV that the toilet in the barracks was blocked and some people brought their own rice bowls and washbasins. After cleaning, they washed them and kept them for use. This is seeking truth from facts and overcoming psychological barriers. It can be seen that materialism and idealism have their own shortcomings. In fact, everyone has a world view. It is wrong to think that there is only one world view. For example, the four classical novels, Three Kingdoms and Water Margin are materialistic, and Journey to the West is idealistic. Only A Dream of Red Mansions is a combination of idealism and materialism. On the one hand, Cao Xueqin created the grand view garden of idealism, on the other hand, he revealed the realistic society of materialism. On the subjective desire, he thinks that there is an independent spiritual source that dominates the world outside nature. So he said that the theme of A Dream of Red Mansions "is unknown not only to the author, but also to the copywriters and readers". Unfortunately, Liu, a self-proclaimed materialist, rewrote the unique Dream of Red Mansions, which doomed his fate in bring disgrace to oneself! You know, there are many unknown things in the world, such as psychics and more and more autism. We only need to look at and study the world objectively and rationally, instead of opposing idealism, so that I can understand A Dream of Red Mansions and dissect this society.

A scholar asked a migrant worker, "What do you do? Where is home? What do you pursue? "

Migrant workers replied: "Working, home in the mountains, pursuing wealth. What do you pursue? "

Scholars said: "I pursue spiritual satisfaction and am an idealist;" You are a materialist who pursues material satisfaction. "

The debate between materialism and idealism is endless, and textbooks have thoroughly criticized idealism from the standpoint of materialism.

Traditionally, China paid attention to "gentleness, courtesy and frugality", and always adopted an inclusive and forbearing attitude towards all bad and wrong things, allowing time and history to speak for themselves. For all kinds of criticism and transformation, China's idealist philosopher naturally said "throw in the towel". Therefore, under the great situation of singing and dancing in the mass media, our national anthem is still singing: "The Chinese nation has reached the most dangerous time!" "

"I think, therefore I am." We never lack people who study and think seriously, stay away from the noise and live a wise and leisurely life on the other side.

It is not difficult to find that western developed countries are strong because they attach importance to culture.

In educational theory, the ancient sages of China advocated idealistic education. Before liberation, university education in China and western developed countries was based on Plato's idealism philosophy.

Mao Zedong said at a meeting: "There is a Feng Youlan in Peking University who talks about idealistic philosophy. We only know materialism, not idealism. If we want to know a little idealism, we have to go to him. " (The Complete Works of Sansongtang Volume I) Naturally, under the rule of materialism, Feng Youlan met with great political pressure. Some people think that Feng Youlan defected, but I think it is only to assess the situation and adapt to the times. Some people think that Feng Youlan has defected, but I think that's just sizing up the situation and keeping up with the times.

Zeng Guofan successfully suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Feng Youlan wrote in The New Theory of China's Philosophical History: "Zeng Guofan's success prevented China from retrogression, and he resisted imperialist cultural aggression in this respect (because" Hong Xiuquan and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom promoted Christianity with the power of state power "), which is a great contribution of him." Such a sharp brush stroke was enough to make up for it, so Ji Xianlin took Mr. Feng Youlan's hand and said yes.

"Teachers are engineers of the human soul!" What is the soul? Idealism, of course. People with souls can see other people's souls. Materialists without souls naturally can't see the soul, and of course they have no ability to educate.

Marx believes that Marxist materialist philosophy is a theoretical system for working people to safeguard their basic rights and interests. As an idealist, he certainly doesn't believe in materialism.

Voltaire famously said, "Except savage countries, the whole world is ruled by books!" The development of civilized society depends on knowledge and culture. When will China truly respect knowledge and culture, and when will it truly become rich and strong?

Scholars and intellectuals pursue the truth, take reading as their career, have more and more complete knowledge and culture than the public, have higher sentiment and a more perfect world view, and their mission is to lead mankind towards progress and civilization. The core competitiveness of scholars is knowledge and culture. Without idealism, how can they get it?

If society wants to make progress, it is necessary to respect intellectuals and let scholars speak, so that the world will be bright; Blocking scholars' mouths is bound to let history speak. You know, history has always been cruel.

The art of religious belief that mankind finally converted to is the product of idealism, and materialism is only a dogma to maintain food and clothing for the disadvantaged groups. If it prevails in society, the social crisis will inevitably continue. Sincerely answer for you, give a good comment, dear, thank you.