The composition of various prescriptions has certain rules. Compatibility of exterior-relieving drugs and cough-relieving and phlegm-resolving drugs: the relationship between lung and fur is exterior-interior, and foreign pathogens invade fur, which will inevitably affect lung qi, leading to asthma, cough and excessive phlegm. Cough-relieving and phlegm-resolving drugs can improve lung function, and lung qi can be declared normal, which can better enhance the defense function of fur through "the lung is full of pulses and the essence turns to fur", which is conducive to the relief of exterior syndrome. Therefore, exterior-relieving drugs are often combined with cough-relieving and phlegm-resolving drugs.
Compatibility of exterior-relieving drugs and heat-clearing drugs: reflected in pungent and cool exterior-relieving drugs. Wind-heat attacking the lungs, or wind-cold stagnation, which turns the heat into stagnation in the lungs, leads to thirst, sore throat and cough and asthma. Therefore, pungent and cool drugs for relieving exterior syndrome should be combined with heat-clearing drugs to form pungent and cool drugs for relieving exterior syndrome on the basis of the training of "pathogenic wind prevails internally, and pungent and cool drugs are treated with bitterness and sweetness".
Compatibility of exterior-relieving drugs and yang-tonifying drugs: exterior deficiency is exogenous, and pathogenic factors contend, while qi deficiency cannot eliminate pathogenic factors. Therefore, exterior-relieving drugs are often combined with yang-tonifying drugs to relieve exterior diseases, which can not only arouse pathogenic factors with the help of drug potential, but also prevent exterior-relieving drugs from eliminating pathogenic factors and damaging positive energy, thus relieving exterior symptoms without affecting qi deficiency.
Main methods of compatibility
If you use drugs, you should dispatch troops according to the situation of the war. The selection, determination and arrangement of monarch, minister, assistant and envoy drugs in the composition of prescription are actually the concretization of drugs aimed at the etiology and symptoms of the site, and also the compatibility method of prescription, especially the four drugs. There is no fixed formula for prescriptions. Not every minister, assistant and envoy must have it (every party must have a monarch medicine), and each medicine is not just in any position. The number of drugs in each prescription, whether the monarch, ministers and assistants are complete or not, depends on the size of the disease, the treatment requirements and the role of the drugs. It is precisely because each ingredient is incomplete and the compatibility assisted by monarch and minister is not the only method, so we regard it as a main compatibility method and it is not included in the compatibility principle.
Application in the study of monarch, minister, assistant, envoy and seven emotions
The position of prescriptions in prescriptions can be divided into monarch, minister, assistant and envoy, and there are differences between drugs, such as mutual need, mutual absorption, multiplication and mutual evil. Pharmacological experiments can understand the primary and secondary effects, synergistic and antagonistic effects of each drug in the prescription, so as to clarify the compatibility relationship of the compound. For example, in the study of the compatibility law of Sini decoction, it is found that although aconite has a cardiotonic effect, its effect is not strong. After compatibility with dried ginger, the cardiotonic effect is obviously enhanced, and the toxic and side effects of aconite root are also reduced, which shows that aconite root is king and dried ginger is minister in Sini decoction, and there is a relationship between them.
Compatibility contraindications: In compound compatibility, certain drugs should be avoided. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica calls the relationship between these drugs "mutual evil" and "opposition". According to the statistics of Shu Ben Cao, there are 60 kinds of drugs in Ben Jing, whereas there are 18 kinds. The understanding and development of compatibility taboos in ancient books are inconsistent. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it was summarized as "Nineteen Fears" and "Eighteen Contradictions", and was composed into songs. Now the contents of the song are listed as follows.
(1) Nine fears:
Sulfur is afraid of arsenic, mercury is afraid of arsenic, stellera chamaejasme is afraid of Lithuania, croton is afraid of morning glory, clove is afraid of turmeric, aconite kusnezoff monkshood is afraid of rhinoceros horn, tooth nitrate is afraid of three ridges, official Guiwei is afraid of stone fat, and ginseng is afraid of trogopterus dung.
(2) eighteen antis:
Licorice. Euphorbia, seaweed and Daphne genkwa; Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix Ampelopsis and Rhizoma Bletillae; Veratrum nigrum, Radix Adenophorae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Scrophulariae, Asari and Radix Paeoniae.
Since then, the Compendium of Materia Medica, Jian Yao and other books have some discrepancies, but they are not as widely recognized and circulated as the Song of eighteen evils and nineteen fears.
The preface to Shen Nong's Materia Medica points out that "those who oppose evil can't be used" and "those who fear and kill each other can be used if they are toxic, but they can't be used together". Since the Song Dynasty, the relationship of "mutual fear" has also been listed as a compatibility taboo, which is confused with "mutual evil". Therefore, the concept of "nineteen fears" has different meanings from "mutual fear", one of the "seven emotions" mentioned in the section of "Compatibility".
Some drugs of "Nineteen Fears" and "Eighteen Contradictions" are somewhat different from the actual application, and doctors in past dynasties have also discussed them, citing ancient prescriptions as evidence to prove that some drugs can still be used together. For example, croton in induction pills is used with Petunia; Gansui Banxia decoction is juxtaposed with licorice. Licorice and seaweed jade pot soup are used together. Shixiang Huanshen Pill uses cloves and turmeric together. Wu Dan is used together with rhinoceros horn. There is not much research work in this field in modern times. Some experimental studies show that the toxicity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Kansui kansui kansui mainly depends on the dosage ratio of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. If the dose of licorice is equal to or greater than that of kansui, the toxicity is greater. Another example is that Fritillaria and Pinellia ternata are compatible with aconite respectively, and the toxicity is not significantly enhanced. However, the combination of asarum and veratrum can lead to poisoning and death of experimental animals. Because the study of "Nineteen Fears" and "Eighteen Contradictions" needs further experiments and observations to study their mechanisms, we should be cautious at present. Generally speaking, for some of these drugs, if there is not enough basic and application experience, we should avoid blind cooperation.
2. Contraindications for medication in pregnancy: Some drugs have side effects of damaging the fetus and causing abortion, which should be regarded as contraindications for pregnancy. According to the degree of damage to the fetus, drugs can generally be divided into two categories: forbidden and cautious use. Most of the prohibited drugs are drugs with strong toxicity or medicinal properties, such as croton, morning glory, Euphorbia, Mylabris, Phytolacca acinosa, musk, Rhizoma Sparganii, Rhizoma Curcumae, leech, tabanus and so on. Cautious use of drugs, such as peach kernel, safflower, rhubarb, immature bitter orange, aconite, dried ginger, cinnamon, etc. Do not use all illegal drugs; Careful use of drugs can be used according to the condition of pregnant women. But in the absence of special needs, it should be avoided as much as possible to prevent accidents.
3. Dietary taboos when taking medicine: Dietary taboos are referred to as food taboos, which is also commonly known as taboos. In ancient literature, there are often mountain taboos; Rehmannia glutinosa and Polygonum multiflorum avoid onion, garlic and radish, and mint avoid nail fish; Poria cocos is jealous of vinegar; Carapax Trionycis avoids amaranth red: and honey turns into onions. This shows that certain foods can't be eaten with certain drugs. In addition, due to the disease, all foods that are difficult to digest and have special irritation, such as cold, sticky and fishy, should be avoided as needed. Patients with high fever should also avoid oil.
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