When writing your graduation thesis, you should always mention other people's research results or someone's point of view in the article. This process is often referred to as citation or reference. For international students, the content of a graduation thesis needs to include the main knowledge points of various disciplines during their study abroad, and even quote some authors' documents of related majors with deep academic knowledge, from which the most argumentative content of the article can be extracted for reference. Because of this, the tutor can figure out what the article is to study and solve. What are the important but still unsolved problems? What are the possible prospects, etc. From the side, it shows what kind of height students are standing at and what to take as a reference to do research. This can just examine whether students have keen summing-up ability after understanding a large number of references.
Second, how to present references?
In foreign countries, the format of graduation thesis submitted by international students is clearly required, otherwise it will not be passed or even seriously dealt with. Therefore, the use of references should be correct and accurate, and other people's achievements should not be taken as their own, let alone changed at will. For the content of the quoted article, be faithful to the original, and don't infer, disagree or piece together at will. The introduction of references is standardized, and the following is an introduction based on Harvard system.
Harvard reference annotation system originated in the United States and became popular in 1950s and 1960s, especially in the fields of physics and natural sciences, and has also been applied in social sciences in recent years. After decades of development, Harvard system has become an international academic norm, because it has flexible, concise and clear international paper writing norms. Harvard annotation system is also called "author-date method". According to the Harvard system, every citation, whether direct or indirect, should be marked in two places: where it is quoted; Indicate it in the bibliography at the end of the whole book or full text. For example, briefly introduce several annotation specifications:
(a) the instructions cited in the text notes
When the author's name naturally appears in the sentence, give the author's surname and publication year, and put the publication year in brackets. For example, in a recent study, Harvey (1993) thought that ... when the author's name does not naturally appear in the sentence, the surname and publication year are put in brackets. If you directly quote the original words of other authors in the text and the quotation does not exceed two lines, you can also use single quotation marks or double quotation marks, as long as the whole text is consistent. Also write the author's last name, publication year and page number in the appropriate place.
(b) Annotation specifications in the bibliography after the text.
All the bibliographies are arranged in alphabetical order by author's name. If an author has many books, they are arranged in chronological order. If an author publishes many books or papers in a year, lowercase letters will be added after the year to distinguish them. The advantage of this is that there is only one alphabetical bibliography, which is convenient for teachers to consult.
(C) English Footnotes Specification
Although the Harvard system does not advocate footnotes, many graduate students still use footnotes. The method is to quote a number in the text to indicate the serial number, separate it from the text with a line at the bottom of the current page, and take notes one by one in the order of comments on each page. To do this, you can use the automatic format of wordy documents.
The third and last part.
At the end of students' graduation thesis, the specifications of references should be consistent, so that the tutor will have a good impression when browsing. Even the Harvard system should be used in a consistent way. The most basic thing is that the content of annotations must be annotated, otherwise it is not only a problem of academic norms, but also a problem of academic ethics.
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