Argumentative writing has three elements: argument, argument and argument. Argument is the author's views and opinions on the things or problems discussed, argument is used to prove the scientific principles and typical facts of argument, and argument is the process and method of proving argument with arguments.

1, parameter

Argument is the basic point to be expounded and explained in the article, and the problem to be solved in argumentative writing is "what to prove" In an argumentative essay, the argument is the value of the article, and the quality of the article mainly depends on it. Therefore, the argument has the following requirements:

(1), the argument must be correct. Arguments must conform to objective reality. The author should not only have a correct world outlook, but also study and analyze problems from a dialectical point of view to prevent subjective one-sidedness. It should also be noted that every concept in the judgment should be accurate. The concrete manifestations of accuracy are: the accuracy of argument, including the accuracy of concept, judgment, formulation and discretion; Accurate arguments and quotations; Grammar, logic and accurate words; Clarify that the principles, policies, laws and regulations of the party and the state are accurate; Seeking truth from facts, seeking truth from facts, not arbitrary and not grandiose, is divided into two.

(2) The argument should be targeted. The pertinence of the argument is mainly manifested in the following aspects: it is targeted in the direction of public opinion; Criticize the current disadvantages, and aim at all kinds of disadvantages and bad habits that need to be solved in social life, prescribe the right medicine, comment on it, and prescribe the right medicine; Touch the actual contradictions that need to be solved urgently in the current society, analyze the reasons and find out the solutions. In order to correctly guide public opinion and guide practice; Grasp people's ideological understanding, analyze and reason, and solve people's ideological problems; Demonstrate and comment on the main problems reflected in the materials.

It is impossible to cover all aspects of the application, but to discuss the main problems reflected in the materials. Therefore, where are the main problems and where are the main aspects of the problem, we must solve them before writing. It should be noted that the application is about the "main problem", not the solution and practice of the problem.

(3) The argument should be profound. Arguments must grasp the crux of the problem and scientifically reveal the essence of things. To make the argument profound and powerful, the author must first get rid of those general and pretentious arguments. At the same time, the profundity should also be forward-looking. The concrete manifestations of foresight are: keen understanding of things; Can see the essence of things through phenomena, and can see the root of things from superficial phenomena; Predictability, that is, after analyzing complex contradictions and their future outcomes, can make predictive scientific conclusions.

(4) The arguments should be clear. The author should clearly express his views, take a clear-cut stand and not be ambiguous. He should think through the discussion first, and don't be ambiguous. The semantics of the argument must be very clear and accurate, and cannot be ambiguous.

(5) The argument should be novel. Arguments should be original and enlightening. We should be good at finding new problems and solving new contradictions, and we should not follow suit. The specific manifestations of novelty are: the topic is novel, that is, the question of comment can touch new contradictions and put forward new views and opinions; In the confrontation with wrong and one-sided views, incisive opinions are clearly put forward, showing the brilliance of truth. There are new arguments in the argument, which can lead to discussion; Choose new discussion angles, such as non-public opinion hotspots, contradictions that are easily ignored or covered up, and links that can play a key role in solving contradictions.

(6) The arguments should be the same. In the process of argumentation, we should maintain the certainty of thinking and prevent the phenomenon of violating identity requirements, changing the topic or changing the topic. This article is a logical requirement for the argument.

(7) The arguments should be prominent. Arguments should not be overwhelmed by materials. When the problem under discussion is complicated, the relationship between the central argument and the derived sub-arguments and secondary arguments can only be the total score, because polycentricity means no center. This is the requirement of the argument from the expression of the central idea of the article.

Step 2 argue

Argumentation is the basis of argument and discussion, and it solves the problem of "what to prove".

There are two kinds of arguments: factual argument and logical argument. In addition to the general principles, logical argumentation also includes proverbs, sayings and allusions that have been summarized from long-term life practice and are recognized as reasonable.

The application has the following requirements for parameters:

(1), the parameter should be true. Facts and arguments must be reliable and accurate. We should have a serious attitude and pay attention to investigation and verification. We shouldn't listen to hearsay and take it out of context. Arguments that have not been proved to be true can only be "expected reasons", and arguments cannot be proved with arguments, so as not to form a circular argument.

(2) The arguments should be typical. Things are inevitable and accidental, and there are differences between general and individual situations. Only by grasping the facts from the overall situation of things and their inherent inevitable connections can such facts speak louder than words. Therefore, when choosing arguments, we should pay attention to excluding those accidental and individual cases, and choose those typical materials that can best reflect the essence and laws of things. This kind of material can win more with less, and one is ten.

(3) The arguments should be sufficient. Even if it is true, if it is not comprehensive, it is not convincing. The arguments should be comprehensive and convincing enough.

(4) The arguments should be fresh. From a psychological point of view, the new is always attractive, and readers are not very interested in the old arguments, which naturally affects the persuasiveness.

Step 3 demonstrate

Argumentation is the process and method of proving an argument with arguments, and it solves the problem of "how to prove it".

The purpose of discussion is to make others agree with and accept your point of view, which depends not only on whether your point of view is "reasonable" but also on whether you can be "reasonable". Only with sufficient reasoning, thorough analysis and thorough argumentation can the discussion be convincing.

When applying for a composition, you must convince people by reasoning and be logical at the same time. We shouldn't force people to accept it with big talk, empty talk or lies. Therefore, we should pay attention to flexible and diverse argumentation methods when applying for argumentation.

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