1. Use plagiarism detection tools: upload your paper to some plagiarism detection websites or software, such as Turnitin, iThenticate, Copyscape, etc. These tools can detect whether there is plagiarism or plagiarism in the paper.
2. Use search engines: Use Google, Baidu and other search engines to search for the title of your paper or some keywords suspected of ghostwriting, such as "ghostwriting paper" and "paper customization", to see if there are any highly similar to your paper.
3. Query of the paper publishing platform: If you have published your paper to some paper exchange platforms, you can try to contact the management of the platform and ask if anyone has bought your paper or published something highly similar to your paper.
(1) What are the language and literature majors in China?
China major in language and literature. China language and literature, a