First, optimize import and stimulate interest.
Bruner, an American psychologist, said: "The best stimulus for learning is interest in your subject." Interest is the best teacher, the forerunner of knowledge and the premise of learning. Only when students regard learning as a need and a kind of enjoyment can they generate great internal motivation and stimulate a strong thirst for knowledge, thus actively learning and exploring. As the saying goes, "A good beginning is half the battle". Educational psychology believes that the first ten minutes are the best in a few minutes of lectures, because students often have a curiosity about what is beginning. Therefore, if we can grasp the link of introducing new courses in classroom teaching, firmly attract students from the beginning and take the lead, we will receive good teaching results.
1, hotspot import
The hot spot is "hot" because it is a new major event with strong timeliness, a major event of right and wrong, a mixed bag of good and evil people, and some problems that society must clarify. It is easier to arouse students' interest by creating situations to introduce new courses, which embodies the timeliness of ideological and political courses and the disciplinary characteristics of integrating theory with practice.
Step 2 import with questions
Practice has proved that doubts, contradictions and questions are "enlighteners" of thinking, which can stimulate students' strong interest and enthusiasm in learning, make the cognitive activities of exploring new knowledge become students' psychological needs, and make students distinguish right from wrong and correct their views ideologically.
3. Import with materials
The material not only comes from teachers, but also encourages students to actively collect from social life. A fable, an article, a movie, a song and a joke can all be excellent materials. After processing, the coarse and fine are retained, giving the material new vitality and pertinence for our use. Inspire students' interest in learning with its novel form, humorous language and vivid image.
Second, optimize the problem situation and activate students' thinking
The research of modern teaching theory points out that the fundamental cause of interest in learning is not perception, but problems. Without problems, it is difficult to induce and arouse curiosity. There is no problem, students will not think deeply, and learning can only stay on the surface or become a mere formality. Modern learning methods especially emphasize the importance of problems in learning activities, so it is very important to optimize the problem situation and activate students' thinking. To optimize the problem situation, we must first create an environment for students to dare to think and ask questions, and cultivate students' problem consciousness.
1, encouraging questions
Einstein said, "It is often more important to ask a question than to solve it." In teaching activities, we should strive to create a positive, relaxed and democratic classroom atmosphere, especially cherish and respect students' personalities, and encourage them to speak boldly and think positively. In particular, it advocates a reasonable "rebellion" against teachers' views, which leads to a contention between teachers and students, and cultivates students' spirit of seeking "I love my teacher and I love the truth more". For example, in the teaching of "one country, two systems", when analyzing the problems in Taiwan Province Province, teachers and students analyzed the essence and harmfulness of Lee Teng-hui's "two-state theory", and most students reached a * * * understanding of this issue. However, a student calmly expressed his objection: "Why can't we solve the problem of the ownership of Taiwan Province Province through a referendum like Indonesian East Timor?" A stone stirred up a thousand waves and immediately aroused the discussion of the students. At this time, the teacher first praised his courage to think and express his opinions, and then discussed this issue with his classmates from a higher and further perspective, so that the students could be convinced. This classmate's thinking has been encouraged. Since then, he has maintained a high degree of enthusiasm for political lessons, and often raises some questions with certain thinking value, so that the students' exploration spirit has been developed.
2. Set doubts and lead thoughts
Creating question situations also requires teachers to create a series of questions according to teaching tasks and certain teaching principles and methods, to guide and inspire students to explore and discover, that is, to set doubts and lead them to think. Setting questions and guiding thinking plays a great role in cultivating students' learning ability. "Doubt" is the starting point to stimulate thinking, and "doubt" is the driving force to stimulate thinking. Teachers should ask questions skillfully according to the basic concepts and principles in textbooks. This kind of questions are mainly very important questions that students can't ask, usually in key points, difficulties, social hotspots and blind areas of thinking. This kind of problems should have a certain depth, have the value of thinking, and can arouse the sublimation of students' understanding. On the basis of raising questions, teachers should pay attention to stimulating students to explore, think and solve problems, thus igniting the sparks of students' thinking and cultivating their independent thinking ability.
For example, when talking about the significance of tariffs in the main contents of foreign trade, the situation is: "According to the principle of free trade, the average import tariff rate of WTO members is 5% in developed countries and 15% in developing countries. Since 1992, China has reduced its tariff rate on a large scale four times. Compared with 1992, the average tax rate in China has dropped from 43.2% to 17%. By 2005, China will strive to reduce the overall tariff level to 10%. Excuse me: 1. Imposing tariffs can increase national fiscal revenue, but why does China keep lowering tariffs? 2. What is the impact of tariff reduction on China's economy? After the question is put forward, let the students be in an atmosphere of thinking and inquiry. Teachers guide students to comment and debate on various answers and form their own opinions. Finally, the teacher summarizes and projects the reference answers. When students see that they are basically consistent with their own views and answers and have new ideas, they sincerely feel a joy of success.
This tells us that arranging situations to stimulate thinking and asking questions to arouse students' understanding of structural contradictions can make the whole classroom full of positive thinking atmosphere, thus stimulating students' positive learning state and innovative spirit.
Third, optimize the summary and stimulate enthusiasm.
Classroom summary is the final stage of completing a certain teaching task, and it is a behavior way for teachers to summarize and transform their learned knowledge and skills artistically. A perfect and concise "summary" can add icing on the cake to classroom teaching and make students reach the wonderful realm of mastery through a comprehensive study, thus stimulating students' enthusiasm for learning political lessons.
1, optimize the teacher's "concluding remarks"
A good conclusion can reverberate for three days. Let students go to class with aesthetic feeling and go to class with the psychology of continuing to explore. It is required to be precise and easy to remember, summarize the main points of teaching content, and form new learning motivation. For example, after talking about "the role of law of value", I made the following summary: the law of value plays an important role in commodity economy. It is like a "baton", which regulates the distribution of labor and means of production among social production departments; It is like a "whip", urging commodity producers to improve technology and management and strive to improve labor productivity; Like a "sieve", it urges commodity producers to survive the fittest. The three words "stick", "whip" and "sieve" vividly summarize the three functions of the law of value, which are concise, easy to remember and unforgettable for students.
2, let the students make a summary, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of students.
In teaching practice, try to finish a class, let students think about the main points of knowledge and teaching content for a few minutes, and then designate one or several students to be "quasi-teachers" on the podium and make a short retelling. This practice encourages students to use their brains actively, from "the teacher wants me to learn" to "I want to learn", which fully mobilizes students' learning initiative and stimulates their interest in learning, and has achieved good results. For example, after the "National Macro-control" in Grade One, the teacher asked the students to make a summary and retelling. A classmate concluded that the market plays a fundamental role in resources, but because it is not omnipotent and has its own weaknesses and defects, the state should carry out macro-control. Therefore, we can use the phrase "tangible hand, invisible hand, hand in hand".
However, the situation of learning subjects (students) is very different and has been in a dynamic change. Finding a ready-made learning method that fully conforms to the characteristics of the subject needs further exploration. Therefore, based on a certain learning style, it is the direction of our classroom teaching reform efforts to continuously optimize and improve in specific applications, so that it gradually conforms to its own characteristics, thus effectively changing students' learning style.