Pictophonetic characters also express meaning; Pictophonetic characters not only express their meaning through shapes, but also through sounds. take for example
"maggot tense" and "phoenix tree", if the sounds of "maggot bark" and "phoenix tree" are "high quotation" and "
Me too was cancelled, leaving only Bug and Jiang Mumu, so people don't know Bug.
What is "worm" and "mywood"; If you cancel the "bug" and "mywood" R next to the shape, use
"Autumn Tone" and "Wu Tong" as "Chinese characters" can still be used by people.
Context to infer its meaning. It can be seen that the basic meaning of pictophonetic characters is table.
Now it is not expressed in "Bug Bug" above the sound of "Autumn Sound" and "Wu Tong".
And "Mywood". In a sense, the phonetic aspect of pictophonetic characters
Ideographic function should be overwhelming.
Pictophonetic characters are ideographic, which has been noticed by predecessors.
You can see the application of pronunciation training in some vocabulary monographs, such as Erya and Shi Ming.
Examples of words that explain meaning. Such as: "the ancient, so also", "encounter, even", "wise, know also"
Class. In the Song Dynasty, Wang put forward the theory of "orthography": "All ancient characters are orthography.
Words. Every word, its class is on the left, its meaning is on the right, such as wood, and its left is from wood. place
Pointing to the right is like ge, grandpa. Small water is shallow, small gold is rich, good or bad.
A small face will be crippled, and a small shell will be mean. Such things are based on beauty. "
(See Shen Kuo's Meng Qian Bi Tan) "Youwen" here is the pronunciation of pictophonetic characters.
Duan Cai, a litterateur in Qing Dynasty, often used the word "who is with whom" in the annotation of Shuo Wen Jie Zi.
A certain sound has a certain meaning "to explain the meaning of words. For example, all agricultural vocabulary is well-trained; Fan Chencong
The word "zi" has verb meaning; All Wansheng words mean compromise; All the words in the rain are lush.
The meaning of; Anyone who follows strange words is biased. Zhu Duan used "Youwen" to analyze the meaning of words.
There are 88 places.
Let's take "stem" as an example to analyze the phonetic situation.
Terrier, Guang Yun: "Direct wave is terrier."
Diameter, "Ming Jie": "The direct wave of water is the solar diameter."
Path, Shuo Wen: "Jing Ye." Frankly speaking.
Jing, (speaking): "Weave also." The warp in textiles has a direct meaning.
Stem, Shuowen: "Branches and columns are also." On the upright part of vegetation.
, a spasm, "Shuo Wen": "Stiff." Refers to the lower limb muscle twitching, of course, it is vertical.
'
However, there is a straightforward meaning.
'
Neck, "Interpretation": "The stem is also straight and long, like a stem." Straighten your neck and shoulders when you speak.
Let's go
Shank, Shuo Wen: "Foot Shank." Stand up straight on your knees.
As can be seen from the above analysis, this group of words runs through the meaning of "straight". summary
Goose said that wave (straight) is stem and diameter, Tao is diameter, string is warp, and grass is stem.
In the disease, it is spasm, in the human body, it is neck and shin.
Shen Jianshi, a famous modern linguist, wrote a long article entitled You Wen in 1933.
In the book "Solving along the Grass", it is said that (the right text) integrates a group of simultaneities.
Mother letter, but it has the greatest common denominator meaning, thinking that the word is * * *
Training, that is, all languages contain a major concept of * * *. According to this theory, right?
Wen Shuo is not on the side of pictophonetic characters, but on the side of phonetic characters.
Say, and not focus on a single sound, but study a group of sound packages.
The core meaning.
Pictophonetic words next to the same sound sometimes have two or more central meanings,
In other words, the same sound side represents several groups of homologous meanings. For example, from the sound side of the skin, it can be divided into
Three groups: po, po, po, postscript, etc. Have an indirect meaning; Quilts, shawls, sails, etc. It is "in ..."
Shang "meaning; Broken, stolen, etc. Have different meanings. This is due to the increasing amount of human information.
Long, forcing the language to produce polysemy and polysemy.
Why do pictophonetic characters have ideographic functions? Huang said in Qing dynasty:
"The meaning of ancient Chinese characters, will start from the sound, why? Beggars' language is self-generated, but this word
This starts with the word ","from the phonetic system is from the sound system, so it can be seen that the meaning of each word starts with the sound on the right. "
Yes There are words from the sound, and then from the side of the word. Radical is a word, but it must be.
Take this word first, and then add it by radical. It can be seen that all words should be thought of as phonetic words.
Righteousness comes first, and what is added comes last. "("Ci Ci Yi Fu "He Publishing House) Modern Liu Shi
When studying the etymology of Chinese characters, Pei also said: "There was a positive sound in ancient times, but
There is no shape on the left. Recently, I am afraid that there is no difference between the two, so I will add the shape on the left to represent the area.
No, so the sound is on the right, and the outline is also; The shape on the left side is also very eye-catching. "("original ")) and
For example, "the word' LUN' means' analysis order'. In ancient times, there was only Lun.
As far as words are concerned, add words and comments; As far as personnel are concerned, it is necessary to add people and do ethics; as soon as...
For silk, add silk to make nylon; As far as cars are concerned, add cars and make wheels; As far as water is concerned.
Then add water to make a theory ... Lun, Lun, Lun, Lun, these words are all based on Lun.
Extension also. "("Primary School Development ") These theories have involved the pictophonetic characters of Chinese characters.
The way it was formed. There are many primitive pictophonetic characters, because they are based on this word.
It is formed by adding a shape edge, so that the word becomes a sound edge, which naturally has meaning.
Add a shape next to it, usually to clarify the type of meaning. "Homology of sound and meaning" has also been
Modern linguistic research has confirmed this point.
The fact that Chinese characters are ideograms gives us two inspirations: first, in
When understanding the meaning of Chinese characters, we should not only stare at the glyphs, but also pay attention to them.
Phoneme, and will represent the shape of meaning category and the phonetic knot of specific meaning.
Together, we can fully understand the meaning of Chinese characters; The second is the synchronization of sound and image.
Words and meanings are often interlinked. So the meaning of Chinese characters is not isolated, but special.
Don't be systematic, but grasp its meaning systematically. Only in this way can we know and understand Chinese characters scientifically, comprehensively and systematically.