Summarize the preface of the paper, and the writing should include the following contents:

Explain the reason and significance of studying this topic. This part should be written concisely. Be sure to avoid writing your feelings and feelings in a long space like a composition, and take pains to talk about the thinking process of choosing this topic.

Ask questions. This is the core part of the preface. This question should be put forward clearly and concretely. Sometimes, it is necessary to write a little historical review, who has done what research on this subject, and what supplements, revisions or developments the author himself will have.

Explain the method that the author will use to demonstrate this problem.

If it is a long paper, it is necessary to briefly introduce this part in the preface, or prompt the conclusion of the discussion. This is convenient for readers to read and understand this theory.

The preface can only briefly explain the above contents. Although the preface can be long or short, depending on the topic, its length accounts for a small weight in the whole paper, just a few hundred words. As for several common ways to write the preface, because there are special chapters behind it, I won't expand it here.

(B) This theory

This is the part that opens the topic and expresses the author's personal research results. It is the main part of the summary paper, so we must work hard to write it all.

In some concluding papers, the questions raised in the preface are novel and insightful, but this part is very thin and the argument is not sufficient, so it is difficult to hold the conclusion reluctantly. Such a summary paper lacks scientific value, so we must try our best to write this part well.

Generally speaking, the theoretical arrangement of argumentative writing is called linear reasoning, also called progressive structure (that is, after an argument is put forward, it will be discussed step by step. Arguments, from one point to another, move in a straight line along a logical clue. ) and juxtaposition, also known as juxtaposition structure arrangement, juxtapose several subordinate arguments subordinate to the basic argument and discuss them one by one. )。 The combination of the two is called mixing.

Because the paper discusses complex theoretical problems and is generally long, the method of combining straight line inference with parallel analysis is often used. Moreover, there is often a parallelism theory in linear inference, a linear inference under parallelism theory, and sometimes a lower parallelism theory below. There are multiple combinations of linear reasoning and juxtaposition in the summary paper, and this method is also used in other papers with long space and complicated discussion problems, such as "Analysis of Social Strata in China", starting with asking questions, then analyzing the strata, and finally reaching a comprehensive conclusion. The article goes deep step by step, develops at different levels, and uses linear reasoning. But in the analysis of all classes, the theory of parallelism is used to analyze the landlord comprador class, middle class, petty bourgeoisie, semi-proletariat and proletariat one by one. As far as the whole article is concerned, it is said that linear inference contains parallelism. Comrade Mao Zedong used this combination form to perfectly express the content of the article, and received a good expression effect. As for the specific writing of this part, because it will be discussed in later chapters, I won't go into details here.

(3) Conclusion

The conclusion is the last part of the paper. The conclusion of the summary paper should include the following contents:

Write the result of the argument. This part should comprehensively summarize the problems analyzed and demonstrated in this paper, and lead to the basic arguments, which are the answers to the questions. This part should be concise and specific, so that readers can clearly understand the author's unique views.

Most notably, the conclusion must be the natural result put forward in the preface theory and demonstrated in this theory. The most taboo of a summative paper is that the argument is not sufficient and the conclusion is jumped to. It should be consistent from beginning to end and become a rigorous and perfect logical composition.