This paper analyzes the current situation of college students' job-hunting psychology, points out the concrete influence of the deviation of contemporary college students' professional self-concept on their job-hunting psychology, and points out several key points in employment education for college graduates, as well as cultivating students' good professional ethics and improving their employment competitiveness.
The employment of college students is a major event related to the personal future and the development and stability of the whole society, which has always been concerned by all walks of life. In the era of planned economy, being admitted to a university not only means "ancestor worship", but also means the change of identity. With the transformation of China's graduate distribution system from planned unified distribution to self-employment to meet supply and demand, the employment situation of college graduates is becoming increasingly severe, and the situation that "the emperor's daughter is not worried about marriage" has become history. In this situation, it is particularly important for college students to have a healthy job-hunting psychology. Determining the correct professional self-concept plays an important role in promoting a person's career choice and career development. Vocational guidance in colleges and universities should focus on helping students define a good professional self-concept, helping them to choose a career correctly and promoting their career development throughout their lives.
First, the status quo of college students' job hunting psychology
The employment psychology of college students refers to the general psychological characteristics of college students in the process of employment. Due to the expansion of the scale of college graduates in recent years, the imbalance between economic composition and economic development, as well as the diversification of economic growth points and the transformation of economic development mode, the employment trend has also shown diversification and comprehensiveness. This not only provides opportunities for graduates to compete fairly and display their talents, but also poses new challenges to the psychological quality of college students. Due to various reasons, a considerable number of graduates face the new employment system and severe employment situation, and they are not prepared psychologically, and various psychological deviations appear in the process of employment, which affects their smooth employment. At present, the psychological state of job hunting of college graduates is mainly manifested in job hunting expectations, which shows a variety of contradictory psychological cycles. This paper quotes the research of Fan Wei and Ying Feng from the Department of Psychology of Zhejiang University. They conducted a questionnaire survey on college students' job hunting psychology. The sample of this survey comes from four campuses of Zhejiang University and is sampled in five disciplines: literature, science, engineering, agriculture and medicine. All samples are composed of third and fourth grade undergraduates. * * * 204 questionnaires were distributed, with 20 valid questionnaires1copy. The sample includes 1 12 boys and 89 girls. The majors involved are mathematics, psychology, information electronics, Chinese, journalism, agricultural construction, agrochemical, tourism, architecture, clinical medicine, construction engineering, machinery and so on. The survey results show that college students' value orientation is basically consistent with the reference standard of choosing a job, emphasizing self-realization, attaching importance to economic interests and enhancing self-awareness. The specific analysis is as follows:
1. Career value orientation in choosing a job: A person's career value orientation is the core of his career self-concept. The results of the questionnaire survey show that "gaining social recognition of one's own value" (28.84%), "displaying one's talents, perfecting one's personality" (20.9 o%) and "enjoying a high level of material life" (15.92%) rank among the top three professional value orientations. This shows that contemporary college students attach importance to self-development and self-improvement, and are eager for their own value to be recognized by others and society. The formation of this kind of consciousness is a strong desire to grow up from their hearts with the rapid growth of their cultural knowledge, the continuous accumulation of life experience and the increasing social contact. However, in society, although they are called "favored children" and "pillars of the country", their practical experience in contact with society tells them that social recognition of them is not the case. With the reform and opening up, especially the establishment of market economy and the gradual formation and improvement of social competition mechanism, the concept of self-reliance and enterprising on university campuses has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and college students' own subjectivity, independence and sense of success have gradually increased. We should pay attention to the fact that college graduates lack correct professional self-concept and long-term strategic consideration when choosing jobs.
2. Criteria for choosing a job: According to the survey and statistical results, the top three main reference factors for contemporary college students when choosing a job are: "giving full play to their personal advantages and meeting their personal interests" (64.68%), "having higher income" (64.68%) and "being able to realize their personal ambitions" (23.88%). It can be seen that college students pay more attention to the satisfaction of personal needs and interests, and pursue self-development and the realization of self-value; At the same time, I hope to get rid of my parents' financial dependence as soon as possible, realize economic autonomy and self-reliance as soon as possible, create the material foundation needed for my own survival, and strive for greater economic benefits as much as possible.
To sum up, the career choice intention of contemporary college students is deeply impacted and shaken by social changes, showing distinct characteristics of the times. They pursue self-development and the realization of self-value, attach importance to economic interests, regard their own quality as an important factor affecting job selection, and show a strong sense of independence, autonomy and success in job selection. In this pragmatic psychology of choosing a job, the correct professional self-concept is the basis of choosing a job, so the education of professional self-concept is a necessary preparation for college students before choosing a job.
Secondly, the deviation of college students' professional self-concept affects their job-hunting psychology.
Because the development of college students' professional self-concept is not mature enough, there are often some deviations in their job-hunting psychology, which affect the correct choice of career.
1. The conflict between ideal and reality caused by high self-evaluation: Some graduates think that they are studying in famous universities or hot majors, and their job hunting goals are set high. When they choose jobs, non-foreign companies do not go, and non-well-known big companies do not go. I hope to find a job, my position will be promoted immediately, and there will be rich economic benefits immediately. Some graduates think that they have good academic performance and strong ability in school, so they have too high expectations for job hunting. Once rejected by the employer, they will feel psychologically frustrated.
2. Fear of competition caused by inferiority: Some graduates tend to belittle themselves too much because they lack a correct understanding of themselves. Compared with the advantages of others, we often use our own shortcomings to generate fear of competition. Students with low self-esteem often miss the opportunity to choose a job because they can't see their own strengths and are afraid of competition.
3. Vague psychology and quick success psychology in choosing a job: Professional values are an important part of college students' professional self-concept, reflecting the relationship between personal internal needs and social professional attributes. On the one hand, it determines how people evaluate and choose occupations according to their own needs, on the other hand, it also reflects how certain occupational characteristics meet people's individual needs. Every graduate has his own set of values system when making career choices. Such as economic interests, personal development, opportunities for further study, interpersonal communication, personal leisure needs and so on. Knowing one's own value needs is the premise and foundation of correct job selection. However, quite a few graduates don't know which of their value systems is most important to them. This vague understanding of professional values often makes them hesitate before choosing. In addition, a considerable number of graduates are eager for quick success in their professional values, paying too much attention to the economic treatment and temporary material conditions of a certain profession and paying little attention to their long-term development.
4. Blind obedience psychology caused by incomplete self-knowledge: Because some graduates lack a comprehensive and objective understanding of their own personality characteristics, hobbies and abilities, they are often unable to think independently and choose their own careers. Some listen to the opinions of their parents and elders, while others conform to the social trend. The result of this blind choice is often that after work, because the chosen occupation does not conform to personal characteristics, it is impossible to gain self-identity. Others frequently change jobs, making it difficult for them to achieve personal development in their careers. 5. Self-frustration caused by setbacks: Career choice is a two-way choice process between graduates and employers. In this process, the possibility of a successful application is very small. It is common that things are not valued by employers and rejected. But there are also graduates who deny themselves, doubt their incompetence and even collapse because of a failed application. This negative emotion caused by self-frustration has seriously affected their job-hunting behavior, which often leads them to fall into a vicious circle of "unsuccessful choice-negative emotion-unsuccessful choice again".
Third, cultivate a sound professional self-concept and correct job-hunting psychology.
As the professional self-concept plays a core and promoting role in college students' career choice and career development, we should attach importance to and strengthen the education of professional self-concept in employment guidance, as follows:
1. Pay attention to the education of graduates' professional values: professional values are the core of professional self-concept. The influences of school, family and society all play an important role in the formation of students' professional values. In view of the influence of individualistic values that only focus on immediate interests, we should educate graduates on collectivist values and hard work to enhance their sense of social responsibility and make them consciously combine their personal needs with the needs of the country when choosing a job. After four years of study, college students have a high patriotic enthusiasm and are willing to contribute their knowledge and ability to the modernization of the country. In graduation education, we should continue to strengthen this positive education and help them establish a positive and healthy system of professional values. At the same time, it helps graduates to define their own values, so that they can clearly understand the weight of various needs in their own value system, so as to learn to make choices according to their own needs and be responsible for their choices.
2. Enhance graduates' self-confidence: Positive self-confidence is an essential quality for modern talents and an important psychological quality for choosing a job. To cultivate students' good professional self-concept, we should first pay attention to the cultivation of students' self-confidence. We should help them overcome their self-demand and perfect psychology. Some people are too perfect for themselves, can't accept their own shortcomings in the process of choosing a job, blindly compare with others, and are always afraid to participate in the competition for fear of their failure, so they often bring great pressure and difficulties to their career choice. Therefore, we should help them overcome the influence of perfectionism, so that they can correctly accept themselves in the process of choosing jobs and fully understand and give play to their strengths. Graduates should be encouraged to try boldly and improve their self-confidence.
3. Assist graduates to fully understand themselves: The success of career choice does not depend on which occupation people choose, but on whether the occupation they choose suits their own characteristics. Therefore, it is very important to help students constantly understand their own characteristics, hobbies and abilities. Holland's career development theory puts forward six personality types, namely realistic type, research type, artistic type, social type, career type and traditional type, and describes the specific characteristics of these six personality types. At the same time, it also puts forward the occupational types suitable for these six personality types. According to this theory, Holland designed a career evaluation scale to help people understand themselves and their careers and make suitable career choices for themselves. Through these psychological tests, graduates can fully understand themselves, choose suitable occupations according to their own characteristics, and reduce the blindness in their choices.
4. Dredge the bad mood of graduates: In the graduation stage, the pressure of competition, the confusion of choice and the response to setbacks will make graduates feel nervous, anxious, fearful, inferior and depressed. These bad emotions will affect their self-awareness and analysis of employment information, and will also dampen their self-confidence, their courage to participate in competition, and ultimately affect their employment. So we should pay attention to the emotional counseling of graduates. First of all, schools and society should maintain the principles of openness, fairness and justice in choosing jobs, put an end to the unhealthy trend of choosing jobs after graduation, so that every graduate can participate in equal competition and have the opportunity to show his advantages. At the same time, we should be student-oriented, provide graduates with more extensive career information as far as possible, optimize every detail of choosing a job, and create a good psychological atmosphere for them. Secondly, it is necessary to help students adjust their improper understanding of themselves, their careers and society, help them get rid of the emotional troubles caused by irrational cognition, and participate in job competition with a positive, optimistic, confident and peaceful attitude.