Abstract: Li Qingzhao's ci has a wide range of themes, clear love and hate, heroic style and great spirit. Their lines are filled with impassioned patriotic feelings, and they are good at using allusions, satirizing the present through the ancient and romanticism. This paper will discuss Li Qingzhao's poetic style in detail, and discuss the reasons for its formation and the mutual influence of her poetic style.

Wen Han embodies character and poetry embodies spirit. Li Qingzhao is a poet who really writes with heart and emotion. Although most of her poems are scattered, only a dozen can be collected now, but they are all excellent. The ideological realm of Li Qingzhao's ci is deeper and wider than that of ci, and the content and subject matter are much wider. Li Qingzhao's ci is not confined to being affectionate with children, but full of impassioned patriotic feelings, vigorous thoughts about home and country and various feelings about life.

First, the heroic and elegant poetic style.

Li Qingzhao's poetry style is bold and vigorous, full of strangeness, quite masculine, good at using allusions, satirizing the present with rich imagination, implying elegance and romanticism. Li Qingzhao's poems are graceful and graceful, or make people cry, but most of them are generous voices to cleanse children's spirits, and their overall style is different from that of Ci.

Wujiang River (also known as Xia Poetry) is a widely circulated poem by Li Qingzhao. "Life is a hero, death is a ghost male. I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. " The whole poem expresses a positive attitude towards life. Be a hero with your head held high when you are alive, and be a ghost hero when you are dead. The whole poem is full of verve and affection. Comparing Xiang Yu's refusal to cross the south with that of the Southern Song Dynasty, we can achieve the effect of satirizing the present by borrowing from the past. If people read this poem for the first time, who can believe that it is a poem that often laments "green, fat, red and thin", "what a sad word" and "ode to history": "Han inherits Shao, and the new room is like a wart. Therefore, it is scattered in the middle, thin and cloudy until death. " By praising Ji Kang, this poem severely criticized those literati who betrayed their country for glory and flagrantly attached to the puppet regime. This is powerful and shocking. "Eight Wings Building": "The Eight Wings Building is full of eternal love, and the mountains and rivers are left behind. The water is three thousand miles to the south, and the air pressure is fourteen States in Jiangcheng. " This poem was written by Li Qingzhao in Jinhua in Shaoxing for five years. The weather is magnificent and the feelings are deep. The author laments the rise and fall of scenic spots, which is different from ordinary poems. She combined the great rivers and mountains with the fate of the motherland, and wrote the boundless scenery of the rivers and wilderness flowing through Bayong Building with bold brushwork, which was extraordinary in spirit. The word "sorrow" brought the reader's thoughts from the magnificent scenery in front of him to the stormy Southern Song Dynasty court in reality. It is outrageous that such a great river and mountain should have the heart to surrender to the enemy. The heroism in these poems has surpassed that of ordinary men. Their boldness of vision, deep knowledge and wide thinking are enough to look down on women and not tolerate a man.

Being good at using allusions is an important feature of Song Ci, and Li Qingzhao is no exception. In order to express her patriotic feelings, she prefers to quote heroic deeds in her poems, such as Xiang Yu in Wujiang River, Ji Kang in Forever, Wang Dao who is determined to restore mountains and rivers, and Liu Kun who is determined to fight the main battle ("South Wang Dao is short of clothes, North Liu Kun"). Li Qingzhao is good at using allusions to express feelings or reason in her poems. She used more than 20 allusions in the poem "Zhou" in Shangshumi. Whether narrative or lyrical, she always borrows allusions, either explicitly or implicitly. The expression is appropriate and profound. For example, in order to show that we can't trust the enemy, she even gave two examples: "I was eager to hear the Chu curtain, and I took advantage of the diary in front of the city." In the first half of the sentence, the Chu people will attack the State of Jin at the mass meeting in the Spring and Autumn Period, and put on their armor, so that the people of the State of Jin will be caught off guard. In the second half, Tang Zhenyuan spent three years, and Huncheng and Tubo were still close to Pingliang, which was taken away by the Tubo army. In order to persuade the two envoys to make extensive use of local talents, he said, "A horse is still leaning on a piece of cloth, but a chicken didn't crow on a letter." Yuan Hu and Meng Changjun are used to illustrate the importance of talents. This allusion is very apt and appropriate.

Romantic color is also an important feature of Li Qingzhao's ci. She is good at writing poems and expressing her feelings through imagination and association. For example, the second seven-melody in Zhou's Secret Poems of Shangshu is that the author's imagination runs through. "I want to see the emperor of China crossing the second capital, and the pot pulp is lined up." The author imagines that the envoys of the Song Dynasty will be warmly welcomed by the local people after passing through the former capital, which reflects the northern people's desire to restore their homes. Meng Xiao: "Meng Xiao and the sparse clock, floating clouds." . Because of An Qisheng, I met the green flower with sepals. The autumn wind hooligans have blown all the flowers in the jade well. * * * Look at the lotus root like a boat and eat dates like melons. It's not bad to sit on the guest's punch line. Irony fights sophistry, and live fire divides new tea. It's not to help the emperor, but it's fun. Life can be like this, why go home? Get up, fold your clothes and sit down, cover your ears and get tired of the noise. I know I am invisible, and I am still thinking about it. "This is a very romantic poem. The poet described the ideal state in his dream, and people can live freely. Just as the poet was immersed in this beautiful world, his dream suddenly woke up. Looking at the real world around him, he couldn't help but sigh: "I can't see what I know, but I still miss it." People who lament are not just looking at one person. The world is long. Throughout the ages, I don't know how many people shed tears because their ideals are difficult to realize. The insurmountable distance between reality and ideal has become an eternal lament of mankind!

Second, the reasons for the formation of Li Qingzhao's ci style

Li Qingzhao, a woman who has lived in a boudoir for a long time, can "write poems to belittle literati". Her poems are bold and vigorous, full of strangeness and masculinity, and her political views are unique and novel, which are rare among female poets at that time. There are many reasons for this poetic style:

First of all, it is family reasons. His father, Li, is a famous writer, and his mother, Wang, also likes literature. A good family environment has made her literary attainments increasingly profound. Qingzhao/Kloc-married Zhao Mingcheng at the age of 0/8. The husband and wife share the same interests and love each other. After marriage, Qingzhao has been helping her husband collect epigraphy calligraphy and following her husband as an official. She has been to many places, and her vision is wider than that of ordinary boudoir ladies. The enlightened family environment and strong literary atmosphere have greatly affirmed and protected Li Qingzhao's talent. Li Qingzhao is not the only special case, but it is the most prominent one in the feudal society that it is generally believed that "a woman without talent is a virtue". She often has her own unique views on things, which are profound, novel and thought-provoking. For example, her "Zhongxing Fu" written in Wuxi and Zhang Wenqian reveals the root of the Anshi Rebellion, that is, Tang Xuanzong's "I don't know how old a pile of wine and meat is", pointing the criticism at the feudal supreme ruler. I don't know how many times better than Zhang Lei's theory of "Yuhuan demon blood has not been swept"

Secondly, it is its unique personality characteristics. Li Qingzhao is full of a kind of self-confidence tension, and she is very confident and even conceited about her talents. "Poetry is like a magpie at night, and it can't be fixed around three circles", "I have studied English for thirty years, but I don't know anything. Who made a curious, meet and say Xiang Si "("points that word "). The author hopes that his talents will be affirmed by the world and that he will display his political ambitions when the country is in danger. But in the feudal era, as a woman, she had no political status and could only sigh that "learning poetry has amazing sentences." But she didn't give up her political ideal. In fact, she has always been actively concerned about current events and the court's every move. That's why Wuxi's Poems of Zhongxing Fu, Zhang Wenqian Fu and Shangshu's Poems of Zhou came into being. Another characteristic of Li Qingzhao's personality is fortitude. Because of her strong personality, she can boldly resist her feudal parents and satirize her father-in-law Tingzhi Zhao with poetry, which is simply a big violation in feudal society. Li Qingzhao's father, Li, was dismissed from office and exiled because of his involvement in the party struggle. Qingzhao wrote a poem to her father-in-law Tingzhi Zhao, asking him to help his father. There is such a touching poem as "Father and son feel sorry for each other" in the poem, but it failed to impress Tingzhi Zhao. When Tingzhi Zhao was in power, Li Qingzhao wrote another letter, but this time it was a bitter satire on her father-in-law who was keen on power. In the poem, she said, "A fiery heart can be cold", which is very bold. Qingzhao's fortitude made her very dissatisfied with the Southern Song Dynasty court, which blindly compromised and made peace, and wrote a series of poems full of patriotic pride and deep helplessness.

Third, there are social reasons. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, social unrest, the shadow of war and the threat of national subjugation always hung over the Song court and the Li people. Especially after the disaster of Jingkang, the declining situation and the stormy half of the country made the poet fall into extreme depression. Full of patriotic enthusiasm and disappointment with the imperial court, the poet is eager to vent, so it is inevitable that such content will appear in her poems. In order to take refuge, Qingzhao had to live in exile from his hometown. After Zhao Mingcheng's death, she was alone, wandering around, hating national subjugation, thinking of going to the countryside and feeling life experiences, all of which turned into elegies and passionately sang "sorrow" and "resentment" that were too strong to be dispelled.

Thirdly, the differences of Li Qingzhao's poetic styles and their mutual influence.

In Li Qingzhao's creation, the overall style of her ci is quite different from that of her ci. She shows a different self in poetry and writing. If what we see in Li Qingzhao's ci is a sad woman who is "as thin as yellow flowers" and "tears flow first", then her ci is full of patriotic heroes who are passionate, heroic, homesick and homesick. An elegant, a bold; A meticulous, a bold; One is the diary of the poet expressing his soul alone, and the other is the heroic article of the author's participation in politics. So completely different but strangely integrated into a weak woman, the reasons for this phenomenon are roughly as follows:

First, the different status of poetry in the minds of Song people. Poetry is a tool to "carry Tao" and "express ambition", and the words are "poem", "Tao" and game. "Poetry can be complicated, observable, collective and resentful", which has many political functions and is a serious style. However, the words originated from Jiao Fang Geji and Maiko are just "flashy things", and their special forms are more convenient to express the author's inner feelings. In Li Qingzhao's mind, she strictly distinguished the function of poetry. She can express her political ideals and social ambitions in poetry, but she is immersed in her inner emotions, savoring the inner bits and pieces, and leaving her sadness.

Second, Li Qingzhao's personal views on Ci. Li Qingzhao put forward the theory that "Ci is different from poetry" in On Ci, arguing that Ci is an independent style, which requires high musicality and rhythm, and "harmony" and "singing". Because words are restricted in many ways, the range of topics that words can express has been narrowed. It can be said that Li Qingzhao deliberately made Ci a carrier for her to express her feelings and mourn the Spring and Autumn Period.

Although Li Qingzhao's ci poems have different styles, they are not distinct, but influence each other. There are also many graceful and graceful words, and there are also graceful and clever works in his poems, which can be regarded as the infiltration of two styles. For example, "The Fisherman's Pride": "When the sky meets clouds and smoke, the Milky Way wants to turn to Qian Fan dance. It's as if the dream soul belongs to the emperor, smelling the sky, and politely asking me where to go? I report the long night and study poetry. There are amazing sentences. 90,000 Li Fengpeng is a positive move. The word "when the wind stops, the tent boat blows away the three mountains" has a grand artistic conception and rich imagination. Different from other words of Yi 'an, it is somewhat pungent. And its "90,000 Li Fengpeng" is a positive move. The wind stopped and the covered boat blew away three mountains. The adaptation of Zhuangzi's "Happy Travel" is full of romanticism, elegant and unrestrained, which has something in common with Li Bai's "all the five mountains are sacred, and he doesn't think about the distance, and he spends his whole life visiting famous mountains": this is also reflected in her poems, which are easy to use imagination and association, and full of romantic and elegant temperament is also one of the characteristics of her poems. There are also many heroic words in Yi 'an's other words, such as "This flower is not comparable to a group of flowers" ("Fisherman's Passion"), "Liling Tree in spring, people and guests build a city" ("Linjiang Xian"), "The ends of the earth are far away this year, and the temples are full of flowers. Look at the plum blossoms when the wind comes late "(Qingpingle)," If you want a drink, the wind may not rise in the Ming Dynasty "(Yulouchun). However, Li Qingzhao's poems are not full of heroic words, such as her two poems, Spring Remnant and Accidental Success: "Why does Spring Remnant miss his hometown? Combing your hair when you are sick is the most annoying thing. Liang Yan's words have always been there, and the rose wind is fragrant. " "Fifteen years ago, at the end of the flower, I followed Tseng Fu's poems about flowers. Today's flowers are similar to each other, and peace is as good as ever. " It can be said that the whole article is a love story, which is no different from the style of the text.

"Poetry is like a night magpie, three rounds of uneasiness." This is Li Qingzhao's affirmation of her poetic talent and her own value. She used her own poems to express her love for the motherland, her grief and indignation at the decline of the country, and her yearning for a better life. Through her poems, we got to know a different Li Qingzhao, a talented woman who is soft and tough, confident and chic.