The types of reference documents are mainly identified by single letters: monograph M, newspaper N, patent document P, compilation G, ancient book O, technical standard S, literature journal J, dissertation D, scientific report R, reference tool K, retrieval tool W, file B, audio tape A, chart Q, record L, product sample X, video tape V, meeting record C, Chinese translation T, music score I and film.

For example: monographs, papers, dissertations and reports.

[serial number] Principal. Title of the document [Document Type ID]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication. Starting and ending page numbers (optional)

Liu Guojun, Chen Shaoye. Library catalogue [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press,1957.15-18.

Extended data:

Mathematical format of references:

On August 20, 2007, the symposium on the arrangement standard of comprehensive humanities and social sciences academic journals was held in Tsinghua University, and it was decided that some journals would start to implement the new standard "Technical Specification for Citation of Comprehensive Journals" from 2008. This technical specification summarizes the "annotation" style and "author-publication year" style of literature citation. The word "reference" is no longer used.

These two kinds of literature description or citation norms have great influence in China, and the latter is mainly used in higher-level academic journals of humanities and social sciences.

⑴ The description rule of bibliographic references is GB/T77 14-2005, which is applicable to bibliographic references cataloged by authors and editors but not used by librarians, cataloguers and index editors.

(2) The specific arrangement of sequential coding system. References are continuously coded with Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text, and the serial numbers are placed in square brackets. If the file is referenced repeatedly, it is marked with the same serial number in the text. Generally speaking, the page number (or page number range) of a document cited once is listed in the following references. The format is "publication year" of the work or "year, volume (issue)"+":page number (or page number range) of the periodical.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Reference Standard Format

Baidu Encyclopedia-References