Harmony of contrasting colors: hue. The color collocation with far different lightness and saturation is organized into a unified relationship through comparison, which gives people a strong feeling. Van Gogh painted sunflowers on 1888, and compared the chrome yellow flowers with the light blue background in hue, lightness and chromaticity, and compared them with a little green. Because of the minor parts of the whole picture: background, dark brown lines, green time, etc. They are all strong chrome yellow flowers used to set off the main parts, and all parts coordinate with each other in shape and color details. "Being unified in yellow tones gives people a sense of balance and beauty." Sowers use yellow and purple as complementary colors to form the tone of the whole picture. The lemon yellow sky and golden sun are in sharp contrast with the blue-purple ground, which accounts for two-thirds of the picture. The earth full of life is alternately contrasted with ancient blue, blue purple and rose purple in the purple system and khaki, medium yellow and yellow-green in the yellow system. The whole tone is full of strong light sense, thus showing a vibrant scene of nature. Van Gogh's color creation method basically adopts the color principle of contrasting color harmony. The intensity produced by the complementary color contrast relationship. Rich, flashing colors reflect a tense, neurotic life burning like a fire.
The so-called contrast tone means that two adjacent colors show the effect of forming their contrast, which can also be said to be the contrast effect according to the colors of both sides. Generally speaking, contrast and harmony make use of the complementary color relationship between yellow and purple, red and green, blue and orange in the hue wheel. Such diametrically opposed color collocation and mutual contrast constitute a rhythmic color method, which has been very successful in some works of Matisse and Picasso. 1939 Matisse's music is dominated by three contrasting colors, red and green, yellow and purple, black and white, which are almost primary colors, and uses the proportional changes of its size blocks. The rhythm of line and surface changes, and the melodious color structure is carefully organized with light and heavy, resulting in gorgeous and rich effects. The sense of color itself presents a strong and weak, cold and warm, bright and dark, high and low musical melody. Picasso's Girl in the Mirror (1932) also adopted a similar technique. The colors used in China folk New Year pictures and colored paper-cuts also have the same effect:
With the development of physics and chemistry in the19th century and the general rise of the theory of chromatics, French impressionists conducted in-depth and extensive research and practice on light and color to understand and apply the laws of contrast and harmony in color. Open up a brand-new road. They pay more attention to mastering the laws of using natural colors, grasping the colors of natural light and colors, and analyzing them, thus showing the relationship between cold and warm colors under the same light source. The relationship between black, white and gray in lightness and the relationship between bright and gray in chroma are mutually contrasted and interdependent in the unified overall tone, which is called conditional tone. Surikov, Xie Luofu, Flaubert and Levitan are all masters of this color tone, and their skillful color techniques perfectly and powerfully express their creative contents. Plastov, a modern Soviet painter, is a singer who expresses the beauty of nature. He has sincere and simple feelings for nature and human beings. Thus, the colors in his creation truly and strongly convey the strong and simple emotional appeal of nature; He passionately displayed all kinds of emotional colors captured in his life in front of the audience and deeply touched people's hearts.
The three relationships of colors discussed above from the hue wheel are convenient for him to explain the problem and seek the inherent law of colors. So are all the colors in the hue wheel included in these three relationships and all of them are harmonious? Otherwise, the premise of achieving three-color harmony here is to proceed from the three attributes of color hue, lightness and chromaticity, and to achieve the unity of change and the creation of hue through the treatment and application of artistic laws. For example, if you take any hue from the hue wheel, you can't say whether it is harmonious or not. Another example is the color painting of ancient buildings in China, where the colors are in harmony, and red, yellow, green and purple are often used side by side. There is a strong contrast and disharmony, but it skillfully plays the role of gold and silver to make it harmonious and has a magnificent effect.