Overview of application writing types;

(1) definition

A type of question that requires candidates to put forward countermeasures and suggestions on the basis of analysis in view of specific social phenomena or social problems within a given number of words, and comprehensively expound and demonstrate their views.

(B) the ability to reflect

Article writing test is a comprehensive examination of candidates' reading comprehension, comprehensive analysis, execution, problem solving and writing expression ability.

(3) the way of asking questions

1. "Please write an article in …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Stylistic classification of test writing;

policy paper

Policy and current affairs debate. This paper focuses on a specific problem, and its demonstration process must include specific methods and measures to solve the problem. The purpose of the strategy document is to pay attention to, analyze and solve problems. The mode of writing can be grasped from the perspective of "three stages of writing", namely "what" (summary of problems), "why" (analysis of problems) and "how to do it" (solution of problems).

(2) Political papers

Political thesis is the abbreviation of political thesis. It is an article that puts forward opinions or opinions on a discussion object and explains reasons to convince readers. The core is the persuasiveness of the argument, that is, an argumentative paper that expounds and comments on current major events and social issues from a political perspective. Political papers focus on "what is it", and the main task is to make clear the performance, causes, harm and influence of this problem.

(3) comments

Comments focus on the analysis of "why", and the main task is to analyze phenomena or viewpoints and grasp the facts dialectically and comprehensively. The writing structure of comments is relatively simple, and it only needs to focus on "why".

Political comments and papers are argumentative, and their writing level is basically the same. The difference is that the focus of policy papers is to write countermeasures; The focus of political papers is to analyze the reasons, purposes and necessity.

On the "three elements" of applied writing;

(1) argument

1, overview

Argument, also known as judgment, is the concentrated expression of positions, viewpoints, propositions and viewpoints to be expressed in article writing. Argument is the "soul" of an argumentative paper, which presents what the article wants to prove, and this "proof" refers to the problem we need to solve. Therefore, in the specific answer, the argument does not come out of thin air, but is put forward on the basis of "summing up the problem".

2. Requirements

A, the argument should be correct. It should conform to the objective reality, be reasonable, and be able to solve problems truly;

B, the argument should be clear. It must be clear, and there can be no ambiguity. When demonstrating, use the simplest and clearest statement;

C, the argument should be concentrated. There are always the following general arguments in the article. There can be sub-arguments under the general point, but it should be noted that there can be no other parallel themes or general arguments.

D, the argument should be profound. As far as possible, put forward a higher-level argument, which cannot exceed the height that can be deduced from a given material;

E, the argument should be novel. Novel and original arguments can easily attract the attention of reviewers. Develop the habit of independent thinking, use open thinking, from one side of things to the other, from things A to things B, thus reflecting the unique insights when making arguments.

3, the method of putting forward the argument

First, causal analysis. Determine our argument from the perspective of the causes of social problems or phenomena. Among many reasons, finding the most crucial one, explaining it reasonably, naturally leads to the argument.

B. background analysis method. Through the analysis of the historical background or realistic environment in which the given materials reflect the development and change of the problem, this paper puts forward the argument.

C, right and wrong argument method. In a given material, several different views are often given when dealing with a phenomenon. We can summarize the views of all parties in the materials, comment on the right and wrong of these views, point out a correct view and express our own opinions.

D. exclusive discussion method. Put forward your own unique opinions after excluding others' opinions.

(2) arguments

1, definition

The basis of argument is to prove the reasons and facts of argument. Arguments can be divided into factual arguments and theoretical arguments. This element presents the article "Prove what". Here, you can also contact another part of the article structure-"analysis of problems" to discuss and analyze the given problems and demonstrate the arguments.

2. How to state the argument

A, find materials related to the argument. Look for materials aimed at the argument, and sometimes you can find the argument according to the given content of the topic.

B, refining the content of the material. Turn complex materials into simple materials and extract the process or influence of things with short sentences. It should be noted that the argument is the basis of argument, so when putting forward the argument, you should give a short answer to avoid being complicated and lengthy. For example, the topic of 20 10 autumn exam composition exam is to write an argumentative essay around "the way of Shuozhou" By refining facts and arguments, we can directly find the materials of Shuozhou resource integration, and then summarize the process of "Shuozhou way" resource integration.

3, put forward the basic requirements of the argument.

Answer, that's right. To ensure the truth and accuracy of the argument, you can choose it as the argument material, especially when quoting the spirit of the meeting, you should make it clear which session it is.

B, done. Especially when quoting some classic remarks as arguments, we should pay attention to the relative integrity of the quoted parts, and we should not arbitrarily delete or take them out of context. If you quote the original text directly, you should generally use quotation marks to distinguish the quoted part from the personal discussion part. Secondly, the citation of factual arguments, the time, people, process and results covered by the defense are all expounded in place.

C. typical. The selected example or theory should be the most representative and convincing, which can represent the general characteristics and nature of this matter. Less but better, "one is ten" is the best.

D. Lenovo. Arguments must be related to arguments and must be used to support and establish arguments. Materials that have nothing to do with the argument or are insufficient to prove the argument, no matter how vivid and touching, cannot be used as arguments.

E, suitable. The use of arguments needs an appropriate number to achieve the purpose of proving arguments. When expressing an opinion or opinion, just choose one or two examples.

(3) Demonstration

1, definition

Argumentative writing is the method and process of proving an argument with arguments. This element presents how to prove an article and how to prove it. It can be said that in the specific writing process, it corresponds to the part of "solving problems", and the questions raised can be solved with specific arguments through argumentative writing.

2. Demonstrate common methods

First, the example demonstration method. A method of proving an argument with typical examples. Enumerating conclusive, sufficient and representative facts can enhance the persuasiveness of the argument.

Example: "It has been the rational choice of all good governments since ancient times to store wealth among the people and support the government's financial resources with the wealth of the people. Guan Zhong and Shang Yang rewarded agricultural weaving and encouraged trade with leniency, respectively, which enabled Qi and Qin to become rich and strong rapidly on the basis of national prosperity and became one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period ... ".

B. hypothetical demonstration method. According to the characteristics of things and the relevant conditions provided by the outside world, we make assumptions about the development trend and realization form of physical objects, and then infer the authenticity and reliability of the argument, so as to effectively obtain the argument method.

Obviously, Haier's success lies in innovation. If Haier Group sticks to the rules, does not carry out technological innovation, and does not update its research and development theory, perhaps Haier has long been eliminated by the market, and the brand "Haier" will not be well-known at home and abroad.

C. comparative argumentation. Concentrate the pros and cons, facts and possibilities, arrange and compare them, so that the two opposing situations can be seen clearly.

For example, during the earthquake relief and Olympic Games in 2008, the China Municipal Government made information transparency run through the whole work process, which won wide appreciation from all walks of life, and the cooperation of the media played a positive role in the smooth development of related work; In the Lingbao iron case in Henan, the online spokesperson was "hunted across provinces" and individual local leaders "arrested journalists in Beijing", which made local party and government leaders become the target of public criticism and paid a heavy price for the loss of credibility.

D. citing arguments. Quote others' opinions to prove your own, or include your own opinions in the quoted materials. You can quote axioms, famous sayings and epigrams, classic works, historical documents, proverbs, idioms, proverbs, legends, ancient and modern poems, etc.

For example, "Heaven will descend to Sri Lanka, and we must first work hard on its thoughts and bones." If we want to live up to our mission, we must constantly experience ourselves. In rural grassroots, college student village officials should pay attention to strengthening their experience.

In short, the views and ideas of the paper should be reflected by clear argumentation logic. The basic logic of the paper is: what to do-why to do, ask questions, analyze problems and solve problems.

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