Autumn colors of Biyun Temple (2008 Beijing Volume)
Biyun Temple in Xishan, Beijing is a big temple and a big forest. There are trees and flowers in those yards of different sizes. There are many kinds of trees, many of which can still live to be hundreds of years old. Near the temple, on the high earth mountain, the trees are also quite dense.
When I moved to the temple during the Mid-Autumn Festival, among the lush trees, I seldom saw yellow leaves or red leaves.
Half a month has passed. Some trees in the temple are gradually changing color. The persimmon tree in front of the stone pagoda and the Parthenocissus tricuspidata climbing the stone bridge and rockery in the yard seem to be in autumn first, and the leaves slowly turn yellow and red. However, the green rules have basically not wavered. Recently, the scene has suddenly changed. The colors of yellow, red and red stand out. It came so fast that I woke up with a vague sense of the season.
Wherever the crawler is, they put on new clothes quickly. Most of them change from green to yellow, red, red and red ... it is not easy for us to find the whole green leaf. There is a creeper near the north wall in the front yard of Luohantang. On weekdays, we didn't notice the difference between it and Sophora japonica leaves. In the past few days, it has become very different. Some leaves of Sophora japonica gradually turn yellow, but the whole tree is still green. However, the countless leaves of Parthenocissus tricuspidata changed from green to yellow and red, showing their brilliance on trunks and branches. Especially under the sunlight, the leaves of deep red, light red, golden yellow and orange are shining, which makes the big pagoda tree beautiful and lovely.
Two sycamore trees in front of Sakyamuni Buddha Temple, towering ginkgo trees in front of Maitreya Buddha Temple, and black dates beside the stone bridge in the spring source ... they are all wearing yellow robes. Most of the leaves of a Miluo tree in the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall are yellow, and most of the leaves of the camphor tree that rose to the heights along the steps of the hall turned brown.
Naturally, those towering cypress pine trees are relatively conservative. Although few leaves have become knife rust, their dark green robes are unwilling to be removed easily. The leaves of Sophora japonica have not changed enthusiastically. However, in any case, now, the scenery of Biyun Temple has become colorful. Colorful Qiu Lin has her own special mood and style. The beauty of Summer Garden did not replace it, nor did it summarize it.
Ancient poets like to regard autumn as a season of sadness. In the past, many poems or verses about "sad autumn" mostly mentioned the sight of "yellow grass falling". In fact, it is not necessarily the inherent characteristics of autumn that cause people to be sad. In many ways, it was a pleasant time. The so-called "beautiful spring and autumn" is by no means an unfounded compliment.
In summer, the leaves of plants are green, which of course symbolizes growth and prosperity. However, it is inevitable to be monotonous. In autumn, especially in late autumn, the leaves of many trees will change color, such as persimmon red, vermilion, gold, bronze, ochre, and semi-yellow, semi-green or semi-yellow, semi-red ... colorful, making Shan Ye look like a girl in a dress. At this time, the sky is clear and the climate is refreshing. Think about how this rich autumn color will arouse people's happy mood.
We know that ancient poets felt sorry for the autumn wind because of some social life reasons and saw the harm of yellow leaves. The poet's sadness is often easily vented by the feelings of some natural phenomena, or out of sympathy for people's suffering, or out of grief for personal misfortune. Even so, not all poets will sigh when they face those changed leaves. "Stop and sit in love with the maple forest late, the frost leaves are redder than the flowers in February", which clearly praises the vitality and beauty of the red leaves; "Where is the boat going? Home is in Huangye Village in the south of the Yangtze River, and poets envy the clear autumn colors in the south of the Yangtze River. In addition, beautiful poems such as "Red Trees and Green Mountains, It's easy to put a boat" and "Half-river red trees inhabit" are also far away from the sad artistic conception of "full of red leaves and eyes full of blood". As we all know, "present" and "past" are opposites; However, in the long river of history, they have the same origin. Therefore, even poets living in the old times can have certain normal feelings for certain things. We have no right to judge that all poets in the past must be color-blind about the beauty of red leaves and yellow leaves.
(adapted from Zhong Jingwen's prose of the same name)
17. The following understanding of the content of the article is correct in two places (4 points).
A. The description of autumn leaves in this paper is more detailed and rough, mainly focusing on Parthenocissus tricuspidata, and the description of leaves of other tree species is limited.
B. The author poured warm praise on Parthenocissus tricuspidata, who quickly put on new clothes, to express his dissatisfaction and criticism of old cypress, pine and "conservatism".
C. In the process of writing, the author describes the beauty of summer gardens in detail by means of comparison, so as to highlight the colorful Qiu Lin's special artistic conception and style.
D ancient poets wrote many works of "sorrowful autumn" and saw "blood in people's eyes" from "red leaves all over the mountains", which was related to the poet's life background.
E in the last paragraph, the author quoted a series of poems describing autumn scenery to prove that it is totally inappropriate for ancient China poets to get hurt when they see autumn leaves.
Answer analysis: A D
In-depth analysis: Item A, the fourth paragraph of the article is all about Parthenocissus tricuspidata, which is written in great detail. The leaves of other tree species can be described in a few words or even one sentence, which can be described in detail; In item B, the author did not reveal dissatisfaction and criticism in the article. In the sixth paragraph, the word "conservative" is used to describe the old cypress and pine trees, without any dissatisfaction or criticism, but showing a different style and emotional appeal of colorful autumn colors; Item c, in the whole article, the author does not describe summer much, only two sentences; See the last paragraph for item D; In item E, the author quoted a poem describing autumn colors at the end to prove that not all ancient China poets would "regret autumn" and "grieve at the sight of yellow leaves".
18. Please carefully understand the underlined sentence at the end of the third paragraph: "It came so fast that it awakened my vague sense of season." Answer the following questions. (5 points)
What is the function of this sentence in the structure of the article? (3 points)
(2) The author used the word "awake". What's so good about it? (2 points)
Answer analysis:
The first question: it directly triggered the author's concentrated description of autumn colors and played a structural role in connecting the preceding with the following.
The second question: it highlights the suddenness of autumn colors and expresses the author's amazement at the beauty of autumn colors.
In-depth analysis: (1) The secret of answering the "function" question. Generally speaking, we regard the topic of analyzing the function of a sentence in an article as an appreciation topic. This kind of topic has higher requirements for students, but as long as you grasp the tricks of answering questions, you will generally hit the target. For this question, we can tell you all the functions that a sentence in the article may play in the article, just like doing multiple-choice questions. In this way, everyone can choose from these known functions according to the position of the sentence when doing the problem. Here, give the students a form:
Sentence position
Optional function 1
Optional role 2
Optional role 3
Beginning of the article
Open-ended questions (sometimes tested)
Full text of general manager (rarely tested)
Pave the way for the following (generally, it can be considered from two aspects: first, it causes the following in a targeted manner to attract readers' interest in reading; The second is to contrast with the content somewhere below, and so on.
In the middle of the article
Do the above (only do it, rarely take exams)
Cause the following situation (at first, often take an examination of)
Associate the previous with the following (both cases are often tested)
End of article
Point out the center (in more cases, answer with function 2)
Deepen the topic (frequently tested, answer with the function 1)
Take care of the beginning (the most frequently tested and easily overlooked by candidates)
It is important to remind everyone that the explanation in brackets in the table is the survey frequency summarized through many practices. Now let's summarize the answer formats such as structural functions. Simply put, it is the "bone and meat" model. First, judge the position of the sentence according to the above table, and then judge the function of the sentence according to the actual situation. This bone can be copied from the original words above, and then a little "meat" can be added according to the specific content of the article. For example, as has been said above; Next, which of the following topics was opened? Simply combine the content of the article to say a little, so that the topic is complete. Combining with this question, let's make a judgment first. Let's look at the sentence not at the beginning but in the middle, and then carefully look at which of the three functions it is. The word "it" is used at the beginning of the sentence, which is a pronoun, indicating that it is related to the previous article and obviously inherited; Looking at the second half of the sentence, I said "I have a vague sense of season when I wake up", while the next paragraph begins to describe how Parthenocissus tricuspidata changed into new clothes and the color of its leaves changed, which is obviously a continuation of the above "sense of season". So judge, this is a link between the preceding and the following. What kind of background, combined with the following content of the article, add a sentence: "It directly triggered the author's concentrated description of autumn colors", and the topic should be complete.
(2) For the topic of word benefit, it also belongs to appreciation, but relatively speaking, permission plays a certain role. However, this kind of questions still need to grasp a basic answer format, that is, the rather old-fashioned "this word expresses ……………" mode. It should be noted that after writing, students generally need to summarize the contents of the words according to their own understanding of the words. Remember not to speak words, and be good at observing the main content of the sentence where the words are located. Expression is generally to add the main idea of the article or the author's point of view. As long as the general direction is good, it will generally not become an obstacle to answering questions. As far as this topic is concerned, the word "wake up" is in the sentence "It came too fast and awakened my vague sense of season", so we judge that waking up once is closely related to the speed of Qiu Lai. Note that we explain the word "awake" in one sentence, which simply means "highlighting the suddenness of autumn", plus expressing the author's praise for autumn, the topic is almost finished.
19. This article uses many words to describe colors. What does this have to do with the main idea of the article? What kind of artistic effect has it produced? (5 points)
Answer analysis:
The first question:
The article expresses the author's discovery and admiration of the beauty of autumn colors, and combines the creation of the ancients to convey the author's understanding of the relationship between aesthetic experience and social life. The extensive use of words describing colors highlights the main idea of the article.
The second question:
In terms of artistic effect, colorful autumn leaves are written, which shows the richness of autumn colors: giving people a visual enjoyment and artistic appeal.
Depth analysis:
This topic is wonderful and it is not easy to get started. If the topic simply asks the main idea of the article or simply analyzes the color words, maybe the students can answer some questions, but they just confuse the two. This kind of "strange questions" often appear in Beijing papers, such as the mixed questions of sentence understanding and theme, article content analysis and theme. However, such questions are usually easy to answer, and they are usually answered separately and then collaged. Remember, no matter what words or things are mentioned in the article, as long as you ask what these things have to do with the main idea, there is only one answer, that is, they all show, deepen and highlight the main idea. Answer this sentence and half the scores will be recorded. Therefore, the answer mode of this kind of questions is to summarize and refine the main idea of the article first, and then simply analyze it in your own words, whether it is words, sentences or other content, and how they highlight the main idea. Like this question, first of all, through the narrative of the central paragraph (the last paragraph) of the article, the main idea of the article is summarized, that is, praising autumn, at the same time conveying the author's understanding of the relationship between aesthetic experience and social life, and then wearing a hat-color words to vividly deepen and highlight the main idea, that's all.
(2) The artistic effect of words is still a "bone and flesh" answering mode. Students only need to grasp one thing, that is, the artistic effect of words is nothing more than the following three points: enhancing the vividness of articles, strengthening the appeal of articles and improving readers' interest in reading. With these "bones" combined with the meat of the article to analyze, you can score.
20. The article concludes: "The present and the past are opposites: however, in the long river of history, they have a connected origin." Talk about your understanding in the context. (4 points)
Answer analysis: By quoting the poems of ancient poets praising autumn colors, the author shows that the feelings of ancient people and modern people are similar. Therefore, "past" and "present" are not separated, but dialectical unity.
In-depth analysis: this kind of question type is more common in Beijing papers in recent years. The rule of writing questions is often to choose a sentence from the original text for discussion and understanding. Please note that this kind of topic is called understanding, which doesn't really let you play freely, especially when words such as "combining context", "combining whole paragraph" and "combining full text" appear in the stem of the topic. In this case, the topic is 4 points. Generally speaking, 4 points is 2 points. Part and the most crucial part is to summarize the meaning of the sentence from the context. What needs to be done now is induction. "The present and the past are opposites: however, in the long river of history, they are homologous." In the first part of this sentence, the author said: "Even so, not all poets are sighing for the leaves that have changed color. Stop and love the maple forest late, the frost leaves are red in February flowers', which clearly praises the vitality and beauty of red leaves; Where does this ship go? Home is in Huangye Village in the south of the Yangtze River, and poets envy the clear autumn colors in the south of the Yangtze River. In addition, beautiful poems such as "Red trees and green hills are good for boating" and "Half-river red trees inhabit" are far away from the sad artistic conception that "Red leaves all over the mountain are blood in people's eyes". "The author read the original sentence again and said," Therefore, even poets living in the old days can have certain normal feelings for certain things. "To sum up briefly, it is by quoting ancient poets' poems praising autumn colors that the feelings of ancient people and modern people are similar. This is one thing. The second point is to do some brief analysis on this basis.