187 1 year, Gibbs became a professor of mathematical physics at Yale College and the first professor in the United States. Since Gibbs has never published an article, he was unpaid in his first few years as a teacher. Gibbs held this position until his death. He has never been married, and has been living in a small house not far from Yale with his sister and brother-in-law, leading a quiet life. At his insistence, American engineer education began to inject theoretical factors. 1873, 34-year-old Gibbs published his first important paper, studied the thermodynamics of fluids by graphic method, and proposed a three-dimensional phase diagram in subsequent papers. Maxwell appreciated Gibbs' idea of stereogram so much that he made a plaster model and sent it to Gibbs. 1876, Gibbs published the first part of the classic book "On the Balance of Heterogeneous Objects" which laid the foundation of chemical thermodynamics in the Journal of Connecticut Academy of Sciences. He finished the second part on 1878. This 300-page paper is regarded as one of the most important papers in the history of chemistry, in which the concepts of Gibbs free energy and chemical potential are put forward, and the essence of chemical equilibrium, phase equilibrium and surface adsorption is expounded. However, due to Gibbs' writing style derived from pure mathematics and the small circulation of publications, as well as the contempt of pure theoretical research in the United States, this article did not arouse repercussions in the mainland of the United States. With the passage of time, this paper began to attract the attention of colleagues in continental Europe. 1892 was translated into German by ostwald, and 1899 was translated into French by Le Chatterley.