A title, also known as a title or topic, is a logical combination that reflects the most important specific content in a short passage with the most appropriate and concise words. There are usually three titles:

First, the topic clearly defines the problems discussed in the paper, that is, it summarizes the topic. Such a title clearly shows the research theme of the paper, which can make readers have a general understanding of the basic content of the paper.

Second, the title clearly summarizes the central point of the paper, that is, the research conclusion. The title summarizes the research conclusions of the paper, makes the viewpoints clear and prominent, and makes readers understand the academic points one by one, thus contributing to the realization of the value of the paper.

(2) Author and work unit

The author of a paper refers to the person who participates in all or the main research work of the paper and is responsible for the theory. The author of the paper must be the current author of the paper, regardless of the position and title, and the signature order is determined according to the contribution.

Those who only take part in a small amount of work but are not in charge of the paper should not name names, but can explain them in words or affirm their contributions in the thank-you part. Write their names under the title, and indicate their work units under the author's signature.

(3) Abstract

Abstract, also known as abstract, is a brief statement of a paper without comments or comments. After the completion of the paper, the main research methods, main viewpoints and conclusions of the paper should be summarized and refined in very concise language, which will play the role of "speaking eloquently and summarizing". If it is an international exchange, there should also be a foreign abstract, which is usually placed after the text.

(4) Keywords

Keywords are also called subject words. In order to facilitate the storage of literature retrieval information, some words and terms that can best express the central content and mark the theme of the paper should be selected from the title and abstract, and written in the lower left of the abstract with prominent words.

Keywords should be accurate, each paper generally chooses 3- 18 words, which should be standardized and have specific meanings in various disciplines. If possible, try to choose the standard words in the Chinese lexicon.

(5) Fuze

Call it preface, letter or introduction. Its task is to briefly explain the origin, purpose, scope, predecessors' work and knowledge gaps in related fields, theoretical basis, etc. , put forward the research topic, prompt and limit the research scope and research methods of the paper.