This class is the second class. Before this, the students had previewed, eliminated the obstacles of writing to understanding, and accumulated some basic knowledge of classical Chinese.

According to the requirements of curriculum standards, combined with the characteristics of teaching materials and the actual situation of the classes taught, the following teaching objectives are formulated:

1. Find out? Say? Stylistic knowledge, grasp the stylistic characteristics of this article.

2. Understand the argumentation structure adopted in this paper, focusing on comparative argumentation.

3. Ignite students' enthusiasm for inheriting the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, establish the idea of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching, and cultivate a modest and studious atmosphere.

Second, the difficulties in teaching

Key points: study the second paragraph of the text, and learn and master the methods of comparative argument in the text.

Difficulties: correctly grasp Han Yu's exposition on respecting teachers and valuing morality and the practical ideological significance of this article.

Third, teaching methods.

1. Reading promotes understanding and evaluation. Carrying out reading teaching in the classroom from beginning to end, correct and beautiful reading is an art with sound language and an important way to deeply taste the author's emotion.

2. Adopt problem teaching method. Give priority to inspiring and inducing students to think, and summarize appropriately, and guide students to go deep into the text, think seriously, question and ask questions, and grasp the ideological content of the article.

Fourth, teaching tools.

multimedia courseware

Five, the schedule

1 class hour

Sixth, the teaching process.

Introduce a new course

We learned some texts in junior high school, such as Snake Catcher, Horse and Lotus of Love. So what are the similarities between these articles from the stylistic point of view?

These articles are all discussion articles. Say? It is a symbol of its style. So what? Say? What kind of style is it?

? Speaker, interpreter, explain meaning, and explain with your own meaning. Say? It is a style of argumentative writing, which generally States one's views on things, and can be discussed first or later. ? Say? Can be understood as:? What is the author's opinion? Or? Tell me the truth? . So what kind of views does Han Yu want to express in Shi Shuo?

The design intention can make students feel the stylistic features of this article, stimulate their desire for learning and create a learning atmosphere.

Second, study the text.

1. Overall perception of the full text.

What is the central point of students' reading and thinking about this article?

Clear: ancient scholars must have teachers.

Method tip: You can first find out the sentences that are consistent with the author's point of view, and then analyze the relationship between them.

Design intention can make students read purposefully and think positively, so as to grasp the structure of the article. Cultivate students' ability to collect and sort out data.

4. Research on the details

(1) Explore the purpose of writing

The note below says that this article was written by Han Yu to his student Li Pan. Is there any relevant information in the article?

Clear: from the last paragraph of the text? Is it difficult to write "teacher's comments"? It can be seen that Han Yu's Shi Shuo was written for a boy named Li Pan 17 years old.

(2) Why did a generation of literary masters write this masterpiece Shi Shuo for an unknown young man?

Qing Dynasty: Li Pan is good at ancient prose, and all six arts preach the ambition of Xi; He doesn't care about time, he studies in his spare time; You can make an ancient road.

So which of the above reasons is the most fundamental?

Clear: the above three aspects are the reasons, at that time? The ancient prose is good, and the six arts are all passed down? There may not be many people, but there must be someone. Why do you only choose Li Pan to study after school? We say we should welcome learning from literary leaders like Han Yu. Is it necessary for Han Yu to write an article for him? Therefore, the fundamental reason is not limited to time, can do the old road.

The design aims to cultivate students' ability to identify information. Let the students know the author's writing intention and make the transition to the correct one. Ancient road? Thinking.

(2) Understand the background of the times.

(1) At the end of the article? Is there an ancient road in Qijia, Yu Can? ,? Ancient road? What do you mean?

Clarity: the way to learn from the ancients.

(2) What was the way for the ancients to learn from the teacher? Where are the words reflected?

Clear: ancient scholars must have teachers, and impermanent teachers are also.

Analysis: in the first and third paragraphs of the text, Han Yu talked about the way the ancients learned from teachers, which can be summarized as? Ancient scholars must have teachers, saints and impermanent teachers? Ancient learned people must have their own teachers, as Han Yu said? Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts. People are not born to know, who can be sure; At the same time, ancient saints not only learned from teachers, but also? Impermanence teacher? You can also consult and learn from all kinds of people and even some people who are far less than him.

As mentioned above, there is another main reason why Han Yu wrote articles for Li Pan: unlimited time? That is, not bound by the social atmosphere at that time. What was the social atmosphere at that time? Why is this happening?

Clear: existed at that time? The teacher's way has not been passed down for a long time; Shame on learning from the teacher? Social atmosphere.

Analysis: the gate valve system has been inherited since the Tang Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. Noble children all entered Hong Wen Pavilion, Chongwen Pavilion and Guo Zi School. No matter what you study, there are officials to do. Liu Zongyuan's answer to Wei Zhongli's book Teacher's Way? From Wei and Jin dynasties to the following, people benefited instead of being teachers. In this world, I don't know that there are teachers, but I have to laugh. I think he's crazy. ?

The design intention is to let students know the social background at that time, deeply understand Han Yu's intention to write this article, and analyze the atmosphere at that time.

⑶ Inquiry and demonstration methods

(1) From what angles does the author compare, analyze and criticize this trend? Try to fill in the form below, and then have a group discussion.

Clear: Through three groups of positive and negative comparisons, the author puts forward the fact that the attitude of ancient saints is quite different from that of modern people, and makes a vertical comparison to reveal? Sages benefit saints, fools benefit fools? Reason; Put forward the fact that people choose teachers for their children and are ashamed to follow them, compare themselves and point out? Primary school and legacy? Consequences; This paper puts forward the fact that the family attitudes of witch doctors and scholars are completely opposite, and makes a horizontal comparison. Today, its wisdom is out of reach? This phenomenon induces the world to strongly prove the importance of learning from teachers, thus criticizing? Shame on learning from the teacher? The social atmosphere is not good.

(2) There is a * * * similarity between the three groups of comparisons used, that is, the two sides have a strong contrast effect after comparison, and they can all be used? Instead? According to the above, an opposite sequence is formed semantically.

Like what? Ancient saints? High intelligence, but still learning from teachers; ? People today? On the contrary, IQ is low? Shame on learning from the teacher? . Please use it? Instead? Write two other sentences as conjunctions.

The purpose of the design is to make students understand the structure of the second paragraph of the article and appreciate the benefits of comparative argument. Imitation writing is to test students' understanding of the article.

Three-thinking extension

What Han Yu's teacher said is actually his own view of the teacher's way, that is, what is Han Yu's right? Teacher? And then what? Tao? What do you think of understanding? And try to talk about the significance of the views in Shi Shuo to today's country, society and ourselves.

Clear: students are free to answer according to the text, and they are not required to cover everything. For details, please refer to the article "Learning from Han Yu", No.36, March 25, 2005. To point out the limitations, students should consult relevant materials to understand.

The design intention allows students to explore the deep intention of Han Yu in writing this article. ? Talk about your own views in combination with reality? It is intended to make students set up the idea of being modest and eager to learn, respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching.

Summary of four classes

In this lesson, we understand that the purpose of writing Shi Shuo by Han Yu is to criticize the society at that time? Shame on learning from the teacher? Bad social atmosphere has established his own point of view: people should learn from teachers. We focused on the content of the second paragraph, analyzed the three groups of comparisons in this paragraph, and experienced the comparative argument? Can make the contrast between right and wrong clear, right and wrong more distinct, and give people a clear and profound impression? Role, but also talked about their own views on learning from teachers and practice.

Students, action is the loudest language. Let's put it into practice.

Seven, teaching reflection

1. Students' mastery of the basic knowledge of classical Chinese is not ideal because they are only required to preview during the holidays, but the teacher did not test the effectiveness of the preview and did not teach it in the first class. Teachers teach students in an idealized state, which is divorced from the reality of students.

2. Introduce new class entanglement? Say? Can be understood as:? What is the author's opinion? Or? Tell me the truth? This limited way of understanding limits students' thinking, and students can't tell what Snake Catcher is. Taking advantage of the existence of snake catchers, the author profoundly exposed the cruel oppression and exploitation of the working people by the feudal ruling class? The main idea of.

3. Because of the linear structure of courseware, it can only be executed step by step in class, and it is impossible to jump freely. Such as the introduction of the background of the times should appear in the students' incomprehension? Unlimited time? what's up What time? When exactly do you mean? The future courseware should be of selective structure.

4. There are too many preset contents, and almost no content is generated during teaching. This not only restricts students' learning, but also restricts teachers' teaching. So the classroom atmosphere is slightly dull.

5. What are the teaching objectives? Understand the argumentation structure adopted in this paper, focusing on comparative argumentation? This article only focuses on the second half of the class, and this goal should be changed to? Comparison-oriented presentation method? . Limited by the class time, teaching has not been carried out well. The students should have exchanged the contents of the discussion, but the teacher intervened. As a result, the imitation link cannot be carried out.

6. Pay attention to the guiding principle of students' thinking and utilitarian classical Chinese? Three more and one less? Although there are contradictions, I personally think it is more important to teach students how to think. After all, the accumulation of words is a matter for students.