Wrong, insurance is a must, or a very necessary way to manage money. The existence of risks always takes us by surprise. Many things are hard to avoid, but we can't prevent them. The only thing we can do is to minimize the loss after the risk. Insurance is this function.
Everything in this world exists for a reason, that is, what is needed. Why does insurance exist? Because life is risky. Insurance investment is a kind of financial risk management in personal finance, which spreads risks and avoids individuals or families from suffering greater losses due to accidental injuries.
The risk is uncertain. Its biggest feature is that it doesn't know when, where and how it will happen, let alone when it will happen to itself. People cannot be prevented.
As the saying goes: there are unexpected events in the sky, and people are doomed to misfortune. Whether people admit it or not, risks are everywhere. Every activity people participate in may be accompanied by risks.
People don't know whether they will get sick, have traffic accidents, die or be disabled, get a raise or lose their jobs. Every unknown thing is worrying. Generally speaking, people will face several major risks in their life, and these risks will inevitably bring all kinds of harm to people.
Generally speaking, there are six categories of risks, namely death, disease, education, accident, pension and financial management. These are all risks that human beings must face, and none of them can escape. We can't eliminate all risks, and we can't predict the existence of risks.
So what we can do is to transfer risks to insurance companies and manage risks. Risk management refers to the management method of recognizing, measuring and analyzing risks, choosing the most effective way, responding to risks actively, purposefully and in a planned way, and striving for maximum security at the lowest cost.
The purpose of family financial planning is to rationally allocate resources and achieve financial goals. If there is no insurance part, once the risk occurs, it may lead to a decrease in income, an increase in expenditure or a decrease in assets, which will greatly change the family economy. Insurance can partially compensate for the losses caused by risks, reduce the range of changes in family economic conditions, and thus make family finances run healthily for a long time.
1. Transfer risk
Buying insurance is to transfer your own risk, and the institution that accepts the risk is the insurance company. Insurance companies accept risk transfer because insurable risks still have rules to follow. By studying the contingency of risk, we can find its inevitability, grasp the law of risk occurrence and development, and provide insurance protection for many people with danger concerns.
2. Share the loss equally
The transfer of risk is not that the disaster really leaves the insured, but that the insurer compensates the economic losses of the insured and solves their problems with the help of everyone's financial resources. In the form of collecting insurance premiums and paying compensation, the insurer distributes the huge losses of a few people to many insured people, making the unbearable losses of individuals become the losses that most people can bear. In fact, it distributes the losses equally to policyholders with the same risks. Therefore, insurance only has the function of sharing losses, but not reducing losses.
3. Implement compensation
Sharing losses is the premise and means of implementing compensation, and implementing compensation is the purpose of sharing losses. The scope of compensation mainly includes the following aspects: first, the property losses suffered by the insured due to disasters and accidents; Two, the insured due to disasters and accidents caused by their own personal injury or insurance premiums payable; 3. The economic compensation that the insured should pay to others according to law due to disasters and accidents; 4. Economic losses suffered by the insured due to the other party's non-performance of the contract; Five, after the disaster accident, all expenses incurred by the insured to rescue the subject matter insured.
4. Mortgage loan and investment income
The insurance law clearly stipulates that "the cash value will not be lost". Although the customer has signed a contract with the insurance company, the customer has the right to terminate the contract and get the amount of surrender. The insurance contract also stipulates that customers can apply for 90% of the surrender premium as a loan when funds are tight. If you are in urgent need of funds and can't raise them at the moment, you can mortgage the insurance policy to the insurance company and get the corresponding loan from the insurance company.
At the same time, some life insurance products not only have insurance function, but also have certain investment value, that is to say, if there is no insurance accident during the insurance period, then by the payment period, you will not only get more insurance premiums than you paid in the past, but also have other benefits besides the principal. It can be seen that insurance is both a guarantee and an investment income.
At present, there are many kinds of insurance in the market, which can be roughly divided into two categories, one is investment insurance and the other is our insurance. Mainly includes the following categories: accident insurance, medical insurance, endowment insurance, unemployment insurance, motor vehicle insurance, investment-linked insurance, dividend insurance and universal insurance. ...
1. Accident insurance
Accidental injury insurance refers to the personal insurance in which the insured pays the insurance money according to the agreement when the insured causes physical injury or disability or death due to unexpected reasons, which usually includes the payment for loss of working ability, limb loss or blindness, death due to injury and medical expenses.
Injury must be human injury. Prosthetics, artificial eyes and dentures are artificial devices that replace human functions. They are not part of the natural body of the human body and cannot be used as insurance targets.
Injury must be caused by accident, which refers to violent accidents from outside. Only when the three conditions of "foreign", "violence" and "accident" are met at the same time can the insured accident of this contract be constituted.
Mr. Ma was the director of a private brewery before his death. He bought 40,000 yuan of evergreen life insurance and 60,000 yuan of perpetual accident insurance. A year later, he had an accident and fainted in the wine storage pool in the wine storage pool workshop. 1On the morning of July 23, 998, two workers in this factory had an accident when they went down to clean the wine pool. Mr. Ma unfortunately fainted under the pool when he went into the water to save people. When the workers in this factory rescued him, they found that he had suffocated.
After careful investigation, the adjuster found that the evidence was sufficient and it was indeed an accident. According to the insurance contract of the insurance company, the company paid the beneficiary Evergreen 40,000 yuan for accidental death, 6,543,800 yuan for accidental death and 6,543,800 yuan for accidental injury, totaling 320,000 yuan.
Although we can't let the dead come back, at least we can give some compensation to strangers so that the living won't lose their lives after losing their loved ones.
2. Medical insurance
Medical insurance refers to a kind of insurance in which the insured pays insurance money according to the contract for various medical expenses caused by illness or disability or death caused by illness during the insurance validity period.
An old man surnamed Wang, 82 years old, bought medical insurance a year ago and suffered from senile cataract. When I learned that a local eye hospital was designated as a basic medical insurance hospital, I decided to come to this eye hospital for eye surgery. Dean personally performed cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation for the elderly, using the most advanced small incision phacoemulsification in the world. The old man's vision improved to 0.5 on the second day after operation. However, because the elderly enjoy basic medical insurance, the total cost is 25 15 yuan, and individuals only need to pay 639 yuan, accounting for a quarter of the total cost.
People who eat whole grains, exposed to the wind and the sun, will inevitably get sick. Diseases, large and small, are painful and have to pay huge costs. Not every family has that much money to take out temporarily. With medical insurance as the backing, everything can be assured.
3. Endowment insurance
Old-age insurance, to put it bluntly, is the insurance that you can receive a pension after you reach the legal retirement age. Establish a social insurance system to solve the basic life of workers after they reach the working age limit stipulated by the state, terminate their labor obligations or quit their jobs because of old age.
It is predicted that by 2035, the population over 60 will be close to 400 million, accounting for 27.5% of the total population at that time. By then, a couple will support eight elderly people. Therefore, old-age insurance must attract everyone's attention.
Mr. Wang is 30 years old and plans to receive a monthly supplementary pension of 1500 yuan for 20 years from the age of 60. He chose to pay the insurance premium in 20 years, with the annual premium of 1067 1 yuan, and the total payment amount =10671× 20 = 213420 yuan.
Retirement income: 1. At the age of 60, you can receive the accumulated value-added bonus at one time 106733 yuan (mid-range); 2. People aged 60 to 80 can receive a pension, with a monthly pension of 1.500 yuan, * * 20 years, and a total pension of =1.500×1.2× 20: 360,000 yuan. The above two items have a total dividend of 466,733 yuan.
In addition, from the age of 6 1 year, Mr. Wang Can also enjoys the bonus paid by AIA in cash every year according to the actual operating conditions.
Generally speaking, when you sign a contract with a company, you should buy old-age insurance for you, which is a legal matter. People can't never retire. Retirement at home, only pension insurance can withstand family changes.
4. Unemployment insurance
Unemployment insurance is a social welfare system that the government gives material help to employees when they temporarily lose their jobs or change careers without economic income and life difficulties. The government establishes an unemployment insurance fund and pays part of the expenses in the form of tax incentives. Employees and employers pay monthly to social insurance agencies according to different proportions of wages. After the workers are unemployed, they can apply for government unemployment benefits to the local labor and employment agencies with relevant certificates.
Unemployed and laid off, these words are no longer strange today. In 2003, there were 8 million unemployed people in China. It is not surprising that college graduates mean unemployment. So, in this reality, how can we live without unemployment insurance as the backing?
5. Car insurance
Many families already have cars. With the improvement of the quality of life, the demand is also increasing. Some families have more than one car. But behind this optimistic figure, we should also see that the number of car accidents is increasing every year, and it is urgent to add a guarantee for ourselves and our vehicles.
Motor vehicle insurance consists of basic insurance and additional insurance. Basic insurance includes: vehicle loss insurance, third party liability insurance, passenger seat liability insurance and driver seat liability insurance.
Additional risks include: full fare emergency rescue, no-fault loss compensation insurance, spontaneous combustion loss insurance, independent front and rear windshield bursting insurance, new equipment loss insurance, special insurance regardless of odds, duty-free vehicle liability insurance and cargo liability insurance. Well-off families should choose corresponding insurance according to their actual needs to protect the interests of vehicles and families to the maximum extent.
All of the above are non-investment insurance. Of course, there are many such insurances, so I won't list them here. Risks are unpredictable and can only be prevented to the maximum extent, but they cannot be eliminated. Only by preparing for insurance can the loss be minimized.
6. Investment insurance
Investment-type insurance has the dual functions of investment and financial management and insurance protection, and at the same time, it can avoid paying interest tax, which can not only meet the needs of maintaining and increasing the value of residents' assets, but also provide protection for residents' family property and personal safety, so it is favored. However, how to choose is really particular.
There are several kinds, such as investment-linked insurance, dividend insurance and universal insurance.
Investment-linked insurance is mainly related to the investment income or operating performance of insurance companies in terms of investment return. If the insurance company's funds operate well and its operating efficiency is high, the insured can get better returns. In other words, both the insurance company and the insured enjoy the benefits and bear the risks. Ping An Century Financial Management, whole life insurance, Xinhua Life Insurance's "Covenant of Creation" and Everbright Life Insurance all belong to investment-linked insurance.
Dividend insurance is a good choice for providing for the aged and saving. It integrates the functions of insurance and investment, and basically returns on schedule, and even pays dividends. Ping An's "Millennium Red" and "Li Hong" belong to dividend insurance, while Taikang Life's "Century Changle" belongs to lifelong dividend insurance.
Universal insurance is different from other investment insurance, and its investment amount is only a part of the premium paid by the insured. Insurance companies should deduct all kinds of expenses (such as policy management fees, loan account management fees, additional insurance fees, and some companies also charge some reminders and refund premiums) from the premiums, and then use the remaining money to invest.
For example, a well-off family pays 5,000 yuan for insurance for five years, and its basic insurance amount is 5,242.8 yuan, that is, the guaranteed income after five years is 242.8 yuan; And 5,000 yuan in the bank for five years (interest rate 3.6%) can benefit from 720 yuan, with a difference of 477.2 yuan. Whether it is worth planning depends on whether the dividend can exceed 477.2 yuan. If the annual dividend rate is expected to be 2%, the accumulated dividend will be paid to 500 yuan.
In fact, insurance is far more than that. Every detail will be insured accordingly. Not every kind of insurance will be bought. Not every kind of insurance means something to you. Learn to choose.