2. Pawn: The local armed forces under the jurisdiction of local officials are equivalent to the local police now. The number is "pawn" in black and white.
3. Soldiers: Standing armies of the Qing Dynasty, including the Eight Banners Army and green camp Army. The word "soldier" is printed on the front of the military uniform.
Before the Qing army entered the customs, there were Eight Banners soldiers, Manchu Eight Banners, Mongolian Eight Banners and Han Eight Banners. These soldiers are regular troops, directly subordinate to the emperor. Eight Banners soldiers are selected from the Eight Banners men who are over 16 years old. /kloc-"and" Xiaoding "under 0/6 years old can be selected as training soldiers, that is, reserve soldiers.
The Eight Banners are all soldiers. Green camp is an army composed of Han Chinese to make up for the deficiency of Manchu army. This kind of army is marked by green flag and organized by battalion, so it is called green camp. The difference between it and the Eight Banners is that, apart from the clan relationship, "the garrison of the Eight Banners is due to the nationality, and the green flag camp is due to the levy". In other words, all banners (including Manchu, Mongolian and Eight Banners of the Han Army) have the obligation to recruit, while Han people (excluding the Han Army) are free to recruit green camp. Although the Eight Banners and green camp had the same mission, the imperial court relied on different things. According to the custom, most of the Eight Banners guard the capital, and they are the elite troops of the country, responsible for the security of the capital; Green camp people are all over the country, and the number is several times more than that of the Eight Banners.
4. Yong: It is a kind of soldier. After the Gan Yong Dynasty, in case of war, if the Eight Banners and green camp were not enough, they would temporarily recruit soldiers on the spot and dissolve immediately after the war. They are not the official army of the country, and even those in active service will stay for a long time.
It was not until the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in the late Qing Dynasty that Zeng Guofan changed the informal rural courage into practicing courage (that is, Xiang Army) and formulated a system of soldiers and wages, which was called brave camp. Since then, "Yong" has basically replaced "Bing" as the main military force in the late Qing Dynasty.
Yong camp is characterized by privately armed with state salaries, and soldiers and officers are only loyal to their own officers, not directly loyal to the emperor, which is called "soldiers will have them." The uniforms of these soldiers are brave.