2. The plundering of African population and resources during the colonial period.
3. Natural conditions: Africa is not conducive to agricultural development, and agriculture cannot develop. On this basis, it is naturally impossible to develop industry. At present, most countries in Africa rely on agriculture and primary industry.
4. The dictatorship of the military government, the corruption of the democratic government and the rich mineral resources can only be plundered in disguise, while the ordinary people get nothing. For example, in Nigeria and other countries, oil resources have become the chief culprit of environmental damage and political environment chaos.
The perennial civil wars and mutual wars have affected and destroyed the economic development. Conflicts between countries lead to frequent anti-government armed forces and serious conflicts, which undermine the construction of infrastructure.
6. The United States and other powerful countries have repeatedly obstructed the development of national industries.
The main reason is that it has not been able to shake off the shadow of the colonial era, the government is corrupt and dictatorial, wars are frequent, and ethnic contradictions are serious.
Answer from these aspects, I hope it will help you.