RachelCarson is.
A pioneer of the global environmental movement, she wrote in 1962.
Silent spring (silent spring)
G), aroused the enthusiasm of the US Congress and the world.
Response. Since then, the environmental protection movement has continued.
So far, she has been named by Time magazine.
As an important figure who influenced human history in the 20th century.
One.
Rachel is actually a marine biologist.
She mentioned it in "By the Sea" and "Under the Sea Wind"
To: "all kinds of creatures, from the smallest to the largest."
Yes, the power of life and death is entirely in the hands of the ocean. "
The ocean is the mother of all life on earth.
From small organisms such as bacteria and viruses to the largest organisms.
Things, such as more than 30 meters long, can weigh up to 200.
Tons, heart as big as a car, arterial blood.
Although children can climb over blue whales, they
All live in the ocean.
The ocean plays an important role in regulating and stabilizing the global climate.
It plays a very important role because of ocean tunes.
Only by saving the climate can the earth be suitable for living things. ocean current
It is an important force to balance and transfer the earth's heat.
The marine conveyor belt has more to do with the global climate balance.
When the important relationship. According to the intergovernmental spirit of the United Nations
Special Committee on Climate Change
Panelol-ClimateChange
Report: The global climate is getting warmer. At sea level,
Rising, the ice sheet in the northern hemisphere is slowly decreasing. many
Evidence shows that climate change has become a reality. face
What should marine life do in the face of drastic climate change?
Where are you going?
If you can't move, you must change.
Problems brought by climate change to oceans and seas
Carbon dioxide The increase of carbon dioxide on land
In addition, the carbon dioxide in the water will also increase, and the more seawater there is.
More and more sour, making corals, shellfish, nine-hole worms and so on.
The reduction of calcification of coral reefs is unfavorable to coral reefs.
The formation of calcium is not conducive to the formation of other calcareous bones.
Biological survival. The greenhouse effect makes the sea level rise.
Rising sea level will be harmful to coastal organisms and shallow seas.
The ecosystem will have various impacts.
In addition, climate change makes typhoon frequency and
The greater the intensity, the more heavy rains and the more frequent natural disasters.
Numerous. Climate change may also lead to an increase in sandstorms.
In addition, it leads to decreased luminosity, even terrestrial bacteria.
Brought into the ocean, causing pathological changes in marine life. More than ten
A few years ago, corals in the Caribbean were in danger of spreading diseases.
Harm, scientists found through long-term research, the original
It is the sandstorm in the Sahara desert that floats pathogens.
Across the Atlantic until the Caribbean sinks.
Caused.
Marine organisms can be divided into plankton and swimming organisms.
Organisms and benthos can be divided into three categories, which respond to climate.
There are two ways to change: one is not in place.
Bear with me: First, migrate and flee. plankton
Our swimming ability is limited and we can't resist the current, but
It is a short-lived generation and can evolve through genetic changes.
Survival. Swimming creatures have strong mobility and chance encounter.
For the change of environment, you can move to a place suitable for life.
Fang. Benthic organisms live on the bottom of the sea, and most of them can't.
Limited mobility or mobility, mainly by letting children go.
Young plants drift with the water, such a creature
Environmental change is the most sensitive and fragile.
Hurt.
Generally speaking, marine life encounters climate change.
There may be some changes when moving. Previous generation experience
When the temperature rises, the temperature-tolerant survives and the temperature-intolerant survives.
Elimination of literature: through genetic changes, the next generation
The ability to withstand high temperature can be improved. about
Can the speed of gene change keep up with the speed of environmental change?
Degree is related to the generation length of the organism itself.
Some organisms, such as phytoplankton, reproduce every few hours.
Things take two generations in one day, and change quickly: Yes.
Some creatures have a long generation, such as corals, which can live for hundreds of years.
Years old, so the adaptability is poor; Some small fish
Our life is only a few years, and maybe we can evolve new ones.
Adaptation mechanism, but the speed of climate change is too fast.
It may be too late to produce genetic changes.
To cope with changes in the environment.
It is estimated that there will be no fish to catch in 2048.
The so-called basic productivity of the ocean refers to: floating
When swimming plants do photosynthesis, they release inorganic dioxins.
Carbon oxides are fixed and become carbohydrates, but
Then it was passed on to zooplankton, small fish, big fish and the ocean.
When mammals use it, they eat it in the sea.
Transmission in the material chain. The level of marine productivity is affected by the following factors
Effect on the concentration of nutrients in seawater.
Under normal circumstances, the cultivation of salt in the sea will be slow.
Slowly sinking, forming a seabed rich in nutrients, and seawater
The condition of insufficient or poor surface nutrients. A typhoon is coming.
When attacking, the deep nutrients will pass through the mixing zone.
Come up, marine productivity will be improved. If there is
Upwelling keeps sending nutrients into the depths of the ocean.
The surface of the ocean can also improve the productivity of the ocean. because
The seasonal variation of temperate waters is obvious, so the ocean
Productivity will also have obvious rhythm, such as the Spring and Autumn Period.
When the seasonal seawater is mixed, the productivity will be compared.
Tall man.
Many scientific research results show that climate change
Migration leads to the rise of sea surface water temperature, which in turn leads to the ocean.
Basic productivity is reduced. Because marine basic production
Force (chlorophyll a content) and zooplankton growth
The biomass of zooplankton is directly proportional to the fixed biomass.
The output of aquatic fish is directly proportional, so the global gas
Eventually, climate warming will lead to a decline in the output of marine fisheries.
Low.
However, the rise of ocean surface water temperature is not caused by
The main reasons for the depletion of marine resources. In 2006
Finally, an important international study points out that
About13 of the fish stocks in the world are in a state of exhaustion.
State, and the consumption rate is still accelerating. If you press
According to this trend, it is estimated that by 2048.
In 1980, there were almost no fish to catch in the ocean. The reason is that in addition to