Traditional Chinese medicine medicated diet is a wonderful flower of medical college. After thousands of years of vicissitudes, it has developed into such a science with a complete theoretical system and production methods. "People eat for the sky." China people have been inspired by this since ancient times. The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are the embryonic period of medicated diet. Neijing recorded "Pinellia japonica rice soup" and Jingui recorded "Danggui mutton soup". After being sorted and collected by doctors, medicated diet has gradually developed into a health care method with rich content, positive curative effect and far-reaching influence. The research of modern nutrition has greatly promoted the development of medicated diet, which is on the path of benign development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and will play an increasingly important role in people's health and life.
Medicinal diet is not a general nutritious food, but a modern functional food. The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and food can make medicine taste, food can help medicine, and change "bitter medicine" into "delicious medicine" Therefore, medicated diet is a delicious food that gives full play to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, especially satisfies people's nature of "hating medicine and loving food", and is easy to popularize and widely available, so it can be made at home. It is a special dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine which is deeply loved by the people.
Medicinal diet is generally classified according to the nature of raw materials and production methods, which can be roughly divided into the following categories.
1. Rice flour: a diet made of rice and flour, such as steamed bread, noodles, rice, glutinous rice balls, steamed buns and wonton stew.
2. Dishes: Meat dishes can be made into cold dishes, steamed dishes, stews, stir-fry, stir-fry and braised dishes.
3. porridge food: a semi-liquid diet with rice, wheat and beans as the basic raw materials, and other ingredients such as medlar, hawthorn and lily.
4. Pastry: This medicated diet is made according to the method of making cakes, with various patterns. Such as Fuling cake, chestnut paste and walnut cake.
5. Soups: thick soups made of meat, eggs, milk, seafood and other raw materials, boiled, stewed and praised.
6. Beverage: A liquid made by soaking, squeezing, decocting or distilling drugs and food for drinking. Such as hawthorn juice, autumn pear juice, radish juice and so on.
7. Tea: a liquid made by directly brewing drugs, such as chrysanthemum tea, cassia seed tea, hawthorn tea, etc.
8. Candied fruit: It is made from dried fruits or peels of plants, boiled with liquid medicine, and then added with appropriate amount of honey or sugar.
Medicinal diet is a kind of food made by combining medicine and food skillfully. It is a major feature of Chinese medicine dietotherapy and health care to produce delicious food for both medicine and food through cooking. Medicated diet therapy is superior to ordinary food from the point of view of nutrition, and has distinct characteristics:
1, medicated diet is based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and pays attention to dialectical materials. Anyone with qi deficiency should use qi-invigorating medicated diet; Anyone with blood deficiency should use a medicated diet that enriches the blood. As an auxiliary therapy, drugs and medicated diet complement each other and have the same effect.
2. The choice of food highlights the characteristics of herbal theory. Choose food according to the characteristics of the disease, and choose cold food for fever, such as wax gourd, bitter gourd and mung bean for preventing and treating heatstroke; For cold diseases, selective warm foods, such as cinnamon and fennel, are used for abdominal cold pain.
3. Medicinal diet takes traditional cooking art as a means to ensure that food ingredients are not destroyed as much as possible by steaming, boiling, stewing, soaking, etc., and give full play to the medical and health functions of food and medicine.
The purpose of medicated diet is to assist in treatment, health care and physical fitness. Medicinal diet is different from taking medicine to treat diseases. In the process of treating diseases, it nursed back to health through reasonable diet, enhanced physical fitness, and assisted drugs to play a therapeutic role. For people without diseases, medicated diet can also play a role in preventing diseases and strengthening the body.
Medicinal diet has many functions such as health care and disease prevention, so it should follow certain principles when applied. Drugs can cure diseases, take effect quickly, and focus on treating diseases; Medicinal diet is mostly used for health preservation and disease prevention, with slow effect and emphasis on maintenance and prevention. Medicinal diet plays an important role in health care, health preservation and rehabilitation, but it cannot replace drug treatment. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, and appropriate methods should be selected according to specific people and conditions, and should not be abused.
1. dialectical food application: Chinese medicine emphasizes syndrome differentiation and treatment, and the application of medicated diet should also be treated according to syndrome differentiation. For example, patients with blood deficiency often choose jujube, peanuts and other blood-enriching foods, while patients with yin deficiency often choose medlar, lily, Ophiopogon japonicus and so on. Only by using materials according to evidence can the health care function of medicated diet be brought into play.
2. It varies with time: Chinese medicine believes that people correspond to the sun and the moon, and the operation of qi and blood in human viscera is closely related to the climate change in nature. "Use cold to stay away from cold, use heat to stay away from heat", that is to say, use cold medicine to avoid cold winter and use warm medicine to avoid hot summer. This view also applies to medicated diet.
3. different people eat: when using medicated diet, people's physical age should be different. Children's physique is delicate, so it is not appropriate to choose raw materials that are hot and cold. The elderly are deficient in liver and kidney, so the medication should not be warm and dry. Pregnant women are afraid of fetal gas and should not use products that promote blood circulation and facilitate defecation. These are all medical diets that should be paid attention to.
4. It varies from place to place: there are certain differences in climatic conditions and living habits in different regions, and the physiological activities and pathological changes of the human body are also different. Some are located in wet places, and their diets are warm, dry and spicy, while others are located in cold places, and their diets are hot and greasy, while the diet in Guangdong in the south is cool and sweet, so is the selection of medicinal foods.
Cooking method of medicated diet:
1. stew: there are two kinds of stewing: stewing without water and stewing without water. Stew in water means adding soup and ingredients, sealing, and stewing the container in a pot for 3 hours. Stew directly with strong fire without water, skim off the floating foam, and then stew with slow fire until crisp and rotten.
2. Boiling: first add the base oil to the pot and heat it, then add the main ingredients to stir fry, then add the soup and seasoning, and then cook it with slow fire.
3. Stewed dish: a soup made of various raw materials mixed with soup and seasoning.
4. Pot: Boil soup and water with strong fire, add medicine and food, and season.
5. Stewing: First, put oil in the pot, food and medicine at the same time, fry into semi-finished products, add ginger, onion, pepper, soup and seasoning, cover the pot, and simmer with slow fire.
6. Burning: stir-fry the raw materials in a pot with a little oil, add seasoning and color matching, add seasoning and soup stock (or water) when the color turns dark, stir-fry with slow fire, and then add a little bright oil to the soup stock.
7. steaming: it is a method of mixing food and medicine, putting them in a bowl and steaming them.
8. Boiling: Put the raw materials into the pot, add appropriate amount of soup or water, first boil with strong fire, and then cook with slow fire.
9. Brine: First, mix white or red brine, then process the raw materials, put them into the marinade and cook them with slow fire, so that the marinade will permeate until crisp and rotten.
10. Stir-fry: burn the oil to 70-80% maturity with strong fire, then put the raw materials into the pot, pay attention to turning it over to prevent overheating and burning, and generally stir-fry until it is orange.
The incompatibility between medicine and food is the experience of the ancients, which is followed by later generations. Although some of them have not been scientifically proved, it is advisable to use traditional sayings until a reliable conclusion is reached. Mainly includes: pork anti-dark plum, platycodon grandiflorum, coptis root, picrorhiza root, lily and atractylodes rhizome; Pig blood should avoid Rehmannia glutinosa, Polygonum Multiflori Radix and honey; Mutton should avoid Pinellia ternata and Acorus calamus, and avoid copper and cinnabar; Dog meat avoids Phytolacca acinosa and almonds; Carassius auratus avoids magnolia officinalis and Ophiopogon japonicus; Garlic should avoid rehmannia root and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Radish avoids rehmannia glutinosa and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Avoid poria cocos and vinegar.
There are also some taboos in the compatibility of food and food. Although the reason is not sufficient, it seems appropriate to be cautious in the application of medicated diet and take it as an important reference. These taboos are: pork should avoid buckwheat, pigeon meat, crucian carp and soybeans; Mutton is jealous of vinegar; Dog meat avoids garlic; Crucian carp avoid mustard and pig liver; Pig blood avoids soybeans; Pig liver should avoid buckwheat, bean paste, carp sausage and fish; Carp avoid dog meat; Turtle meat should avoid amaranth, wine and fruit; Eels avoid dog meat and blood; Sparrow meat avoids pig liver; Duck eggs avoid mulberries and plums; Chicken avoid mustard, glutinous rice and plums; Turtle meat should avoid pork, rabbit, duck, amaranth and eggs.
What is nourishing in the nourishing aspect of medicated diet?
Generally speaking, food and traditional Chinese medicine are used to regulate the body function, that is, to deliver nutrition to the human body, so that people can replenish their energy and energy in life and work in time, improve their disease resistance and anti-aging ability, and achieve the goal of health and longevity.
Nourish exquisitely
Supplement is to supplement the deficiency of the body, that is, what nutrition the body lacks, so Chinese medicine believes that taking laxatives is also a supplement; The medicine is not symptomatic, and ginseng antler is also toxic. Remember, supplements should pay attention to objects and methods and be targeted.
What are the benefits of tonic?
(1) In terms of treatment, it has the function of strengthening the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors, helping the disease to recover as soon as possible;
(2) In terms of prevention, it has the function of enhancing antiviral ability and reducing the occurrence of diseases;
(3) In health care, it has the functions of delaying aging and prolonging life.
What are the methods of nourishing?
According to the types of nourishing, it should include two categories: medicinal tonic and food tonic. If subdivided, there should be single tonic, prescription tonic, Chinese patent medicine tonic, single tonic, porridge tonic, soup tonic, wine tonic and tea tonic, etc.
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