Novel coronavirus (20 19, coronavirus pneumonia-19), referred to as "COVID-19", was named "20 19 coronavirus disease" by the World Health Organization, which refers to pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus infection in 20 19. Since 20 19 and 12, many cases of unexplained pneumonia with a history of exposure to the seafood market in South China have been found in some hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and were diagnosed as acute respiratory infectious diseases caused by novel coronavirus infection in 20 19. [3][4][5]

On February/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/day, 2020, the Director-General of the World Health Organization, Ted breyer Ghebreyesus, announced in Geneva that novel coronavirus would be named "Coronavirus Pneumonia-/KOOC-0/9". On February 22nd, the National Health and Wellness Committee issued a notice, and the English name of "novel coronavirus" was changed to "coronavirus pneumonia-19". On March 1 1, WHO thought that the current COVID-19 epidemic could be called a global epidemic [6]. On April 4th, China held a national mourning activity [7]. On August 65438+8, 2008, the National Health and Family Planning Commission revised and completed the novel coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Eighth Edition) [8]. On September 3rd, the WHO expert group on COVID-19 epidemic response assessment and its chairman announced the list of members of the expert group at the briefing of member countries, and Zhong Nanshan was selected. [9]

As of September 7, 2022, China Central Europe Daylight Time 18: 58 (Beijing time: 0: 58 on September 8), there were 603,765,438 confirmed cases +0 1760 cases in COVID-19, with a cumulative death of 6,484136 cases. On the 7th, 472,582 cases were confirmed in COVID-19, with 1.277 deaths. [436]

By 24: 00 on September 8, 2022, according to the report of 3 1 province (autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, there were 6,226 confirmed cases (including 28 severe cases), 234,876 discharged cases were cured, 5,226 cases died, and 246,328 confirmed cases were reported, with no existing suspected cases. A total of 5632275 close contacts were tracked, and 278389 close contacts were still under medical observation. [443]

Chinese medicine disease name

Novel coronavirus pneumonia

Foreign name

Coronavirus pneumonia-19

common symptom

Fever, dry cough and fatigue [10]

Transmission routing

Direct transmission, aerosol transmission and contact transmission [1 1]

Chinese abbreviation

COVID-19 (novel coronavirus)

Pathogenic characteristics

According to the existing case data, novel coronavirus is mainly characterized by fever, dry cough and fatigue, and a few patients are accompanied by symptoms of upper respiratory tract and digestive tract such as nasal congestion, runny nose and diarrhea. Most severe cases have dyspnea after 1 week, and severe cases rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis that is difficult to correct, bleeding and coagulation dysfunction and multiple organ failure. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever or even no obvious fever during the course of the disease. Mild patients only show low fever and mild fatigue. , and no pneumonia. Judging from the cases admitted at present, most patients have recovered well, and a few patients are in critical condition. The prognosis of the elderly and those with chronic basic diseases is poor. The symptoms of children's cases are relatively mild. [ 10]

SARS-CoV-2; Covid-19

Epidemic characteristics

On March 1 1 day, 2020, the Director-General of WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, said that the COVID-19 epidemic had become an epidemic.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said at a regular news conference that the spread and severity of the epidemic are deeply worrying. "Therefore, we think that the epidemic situation in COVID-19 has epidemic characteristics."

He said: "We have never seen an epidemic caused by coronavirus before. We have never seen a controlled epidemic before. "

He stressed that describing the novel coronavirus epidemic as an "epidemic" will not change WHO's assessment of its threat, "what WHO is doing, and what countries should do".

Novel coronavirus is in the early stage of rapid change. China has published the complete genome sequence of novel coronavirus that caused novel coronavirus, which will help scientists and public health organizations all over the world to join the research and development of diagnostic reagents and the study of virus pathogenicity.

The National Health Commission has issued the announcement 12 1 in 2007, which lists the pneumonia infected in novel coronavirus as a Class B infectious disease as stipulated in the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, but adopts the prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases, and at the same time brings it into the management of quarantine infectious diseases.

Epidemic grade

On February 28th, 2020, WHO's daily report on the situation in COVID-19 showed that the regional and global risk levels were upgraded to the highest level of "very high", which was consistent with the risk level in China.

Who reports from COVID-19.

On March 1 1 local time, the Director-General of the World Health Organization, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, announced that according to the assessment, WHO believed that the current COVID-19 epidemic could be called a global epidemic.

Transmission routing

According to CCTV news, the Shanghai conference on epidemic prevention and control introduced that health and epidemic prevention experts emphasized that the main transmission routes in COVID-19 are direct transmission, aerosol transmission and contact transmission. Direct transmission refers to the infection caused by sneezing, coughing, talking droplets, and direct inhalation of exhaled gas at close range; Aerosol transmission refers to the mixing of fog droplets in the air to form aerosol, which leads to infection after inhalation; Contact transmission means that droplets are deposited on the surface of articles, and then contact with mucous membranes such as mouth, nose and eyes after contacting with contaminated hands, resulting in infection. [ 1 1]

On 20021June 14, Canadian researchers published a paper in the British journal Nature Communication, and found that novel coronavirus could infect North American deer and mice and spread them among mice. [54]

On June 0, 20021local time, the Canadian Ministry of Environment and Climate Change issued a press release, announcing that it was the first time that wild animals were infected with COVID-19 virus in China. [75]

On May 4th, 2022, American Healthy Living News reported that the University of Michigan found that the possibility of air spreading to COVID-19 was 1000 times that of touching the surface of an object. Researchers at the University of Michigan have tested air and ground samples on university campuses and found that the probability of inhaling virus particles is greater than the probability of finger contact infection.