Life needs moderate light and heat. If the temperature is too high, the chemical bonds of carbon atoms will be destroyed. If the temperature is too low, the biological process will stop.
There is also liquid water, which is an absolutely indispensable part of organisms.
There is atmosphere, and atmosphere has three functions. First, the atmosphere synthesizes organic matter through ultraviolet irradiation and electric spark; The second is to protect life safety from meteorites and cosmic rays; The third is to protect the heat on the earth's surface.
The above conditions can be maintained for a long time, so that life has a process of emergence, development and evolution.
(2) Mars
Italian astronomer Schia Parelli first pointed out that there are canals on Mars. 1877, he took advantage of the encounter between the perihelion of Mars and the earth to observe Mars with a telescope with a diameter of 24 cm, and found some fuzzy straight lines on the circular surface of Mars, which connected the dark spots. After continuous observation, he found that some dark lines were as long as 120 km, criss-crossing and forming a network covering the Martian continent. It is also found that the existing two dark lines are parallel to each other and have seasonal changes. He also charted his findings and made them public. At first, Skia Parelli guessed that these hidden lines were just waterways connecting the bay, but did not say that they were dug artificially. Canal, but in the 1980s of 19, his discovery attracted people's attention. Some people describe these hidden lines as rivers dug by intelligent creatures, and this person is Lovel of the United States.
(3) rockets and space shuttles
Compared with the earth, Mars has many similarities. On Mars, there are changes in spring, summer, autumn and winter, as well as alternation of day and night. Its rotation period is similar to that of the earth, which is 24 hours and 37 minutes. The diameter of Mars is equivalent to the radius of the Earth, and its volume is only 15% of that of the Earth. One year (that is, one revolution of Mars) is equivalent to 687 days on Earth, and each season is about 172 days, which is almost equivalent to 6 months on Earth.
(5) At the beginning of 21century, human beings will build spaceports at free points in near-earth orbit, orbit around the moon and Mars, and Earth-January system one after another as transit stations for space passenger transport. During this period, there will be a survey ship flying around all the year round, and a transshipment ship will shuttle goods and personnel between the space port and the survey ship like a barge. After the completion of the near-earth space port and the Mars space port, a complete space transportation network will be formed. If human beings want to live, work, live and settle in the moon, Mars and spaceport for a long time, they must develop a completely self-sufficient biosphere, establish early outposts and bases and form a complete system for developing the solar system without relying on the earth.
(6) Solar panels, ore bodies and space resources
(7) Develop space junk removal technology and carry completed tasks.
In the last stage of the rocket, measures are taken to transfer the orbit, so that it can return to the atmosphere and burn; For the satellite that has reached the predetermined life, let it get the escape speed, stay away from the near-earth space or use the clearing device to clear it. Some experts put forward the idea of using the power of laser to make large pieces of garbage change their tracks first and then gasify.
(8) Education and medical care are at least necessary. At the Mars base, there should also be scientific and technological personnel who can maintain the operation of the biosphere;
(9) Recreation and leisure vary from person to person, but physical exercise is necessary. Because Mars' gravity is small, it will pose a threat to human bones, so physical exercise is necessary.
(10) There is volcanic activity on Mars. Mount Olympus on Mars is still the largest mountain in the solar system, but the volcanic and seismic activities on Mars are much smaller than those on Earth. Mars is more likely to be hit by asteroids than the earth, because it is closer to the asteroid belt and has a thinner atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to closely monitor the operation of small celestial bodies and launch nuclear weapons when appropriate, as long as the time when small celestial bodies reach the orbit of Mars can be changed.