Ye Weijuan, English Group
A seemingly simple word is ubiquitous in English use. Most of its usages are not difficult for middle school students to master, but there are also some usages that are difficult for middle school students to master. Therefore, here, I try to sum up.
As a personal pronoun, it can be used to replace people, things or things.
Who is knocking at the door
It's me
Ants don't just collect food for themselves. It has two stomachs in its body.
When the service is interrupted, just like the storm last night, John must tell the public what measures the company is taking to solve this problem.
Second, as a non-personal pronoun, it means time, weather, season, distance, environment and so on.
It's time for tea Mrs Turner went into the kitchen.
It was winter. The temperature is ten degrees below zero.
It's only half an hour's walk to the tower.
It will be fine in the park today.
Third, as a cause.
1. As a formal subject, infinitives, gerunds and subject clauses in English are often very long when used as subjects, which makes the whole sentence look a bit top-heavy. At this time, we can take "it" as the official subject and move the real subject to the back of the sentence to make the whole sentence look more stable. "It" has no practical significance.
For her, studying is interesting, but it is difficult to study and work at the same time.
It is necessary for them to ask an electrician to do the work for them.
It's no use learning without practicing.
It's no use talking to him about it.
They may have built the bridge.
It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other.
2. As a formal object. When infinitives, gerunds and object clauses are used as objects followed by object complements in a sentence, "it" must be used as the formal object and the real object should be placed after the object complements.
I think it's no use arguing with him.
I find learning English very interesting.
This makes it necessary for industry and agriculture to develop rapidly.
He made it clear that he was not interested in the problem.
3. As a formal object, it is used after some transitive verbs with no object clauses or ambiguous clauses.
I hate people talking with their mouths full.
In order to emphasize a certain component of a sentence, the leading word "it" is used at the beginning of the sentence. The structure of this stressed sentence is "It is/was+ component (subject, object, adverbial)+that …", which means "yes …, exactly …". "it" is in this sentence pattern
What hurts is my back.
It is not only blind people who make such stupid mistakes.
What needs to be explained here is that if people are emphasized, then who or that is used, and if things or other situations are emphasized, only that is used.
It was yesterday that I met Bob in the park.
It was in the park that I met Bob yesterday.
It was Bob that I met in the park yesterday.
In addition, the following sentence patterns are easy to baffle middle school students and cannot be ignored.
Yes+time period+before … how long did it take …
Before long ... Soon ...
How long will it take (not needed) ... how long will it take ...
He soon realized the danger of this position.
It took him three days to come back.
You will graduate from this school in half a year.
Until... Only...
I didn't realize what a big mistake I had made until he told me.
The above are some of my summaries in the teaching process, and the imperfections will be supplemented in the future.
The Application of Information Technology in Middle School English
First, as a personal pronoun, it can be used to replace people, things or things. Who is knocking at the door? I am knocking at the door.
Ants don't just collect food for themselves. There are two footprints on its body. Ants don't just feed themselves. It has two stomachs in its body.
When the service is interrupted, just like the storm last night, John must tell the public what measures the company is taking to solve this problem. Whenever the power supply is cut off, as caused by the storm last night, John must inform everyone what the company is doing to solve this problem.
Second, as a non-personal pronoun, it means time, weather, season, distance, environment and so on.
It's time for tea Mrs Turner went into the kitchen. It's time for tea Mrs Turner went into the kitchen.
It was winter. The temperature is ten degrees below zero. It's winter now, and the temperature is-10 degrees.
It's only half an hour's walk to the tower. It's only half an hour's walk to the tower.
It will be fine in the park today. It must be interesting in the park today.
Third, as a cause.
1. As formal subjects, infinitives, gerunds and subject clauses in English are often very long when used as subjects, which makes the whole sentence look a little top-heavy, so we use "it" as the formal subject and move the real subject to the back of the sentence to make the whole sentence look more stable. "It" has no practical significance.
For her, studying is interesting, but at the same time it is difficult to study. For her, studying is interesting, but for her, it is difficult to study while working.
It is necessary for them to ask an electrician to do the work for them.
It's no use learning without practicing. It is not good to learn without practicing.
It's no use talking to him about it. It's no use talking to him about it.
They may have finished the bridge. It is possible for them to build the bridge.
It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other. It is very important that we should learn from each other and help each other.
2. As a formal object. This situation is usually only used after verbs that can take nouns or adjectives as object complements.
In the 1970s, Marx was over 50 years old. He found it important to study Russian Sittution, so he began to learn Russian. /kloc-In the 1970s of 0/9, Marx was in his fifties. He thought it was very important to study the situation in Russia, so he began to learn Russian.
This makes it necessary for industry and agriculture to develop rapidly. This led to the rapid development of industry and agriculture.
In order to emphasize a certain component of a sentence, the leading word "it" is used at the beginning of the sentence. The structure of this stressed sentence is "It is (was )+ emphasis (subject, object, adverbial) +that……", which means "yes ……". Here it is.
My temperature! What hurts is my back. My temperature! It's my back pain.
It is not only blind people who make such stupid mistakes.
What needs to be explained here is that if people are emphasized, who or that should be followed, and if things or other situations are emphasized, that should be used.
It was yesterday that I met Bob in your room. It was yesterday that I met Bob in your room.
It was in your room that I met Bob yesterday. It was in your room that I met Bob yesterday.
It was Bob that I met in your room yesterday. It was Bob that I met in your room yesterday.
turn
A detailed explanation of the usage of it in senior high school English: first, talk about the usage of it, and then ask a few questions: first, focus on the fact that 1 in the test center, the basic usage of it (1) is as a personal pronoun, not what it says above. The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. ② Used to replace the suggestive pronouns this, that. What's this? It's a knife. It's mine. Whose watch is that? (3) Acting as a demonstrative pronoun, referring to people or things. Who is knocking at the door? ④ refers to environmental conditions, etc. It is very noisy (quiet) at the moment. (5) refers to time, season, etc. What time is it? It's eight o'clock. It's me. It often rains here in summer. (6) refers to the distance. It is a long way to school. (7) As a formal subject. It is not easy to finish the work in two days. Water under the bridge. It's a pity that you didn't read this book. (8) As a formal object. I think it's no use arguing with him. I find learning English very interesting. He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject. (9) Used to emphasize structure. It was Xiao Ming that I met in the street last night. I met Xiaoming in the street last night. I met Xiaoming in the street last night. It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night. 2. The sentence pattern (1) is the time (for someone). ) do sth. It's time for someone to. Do sth. It is+adjective (+of/for sb. )+do sth. Commonly used words are brave, smart, careful, hopeful, kind, good, naughty, good, stupid, stupid, smart and so on. (3) Yes+adjective +that+sb. +(Should) do sth. The adjectives that can be used in this sentence pattern are: strange, wonderful, natural, good, appropriate, right, wrong, well, lucky, important, necessary, useless, possible and probably. Sometimes you can omit should and use the verb prototype directly. It is very important that we should pay close attention to food. It is natural for him to say so. It's no use doing sth. It's no use trying again. Who ... did you meet her in the street? Who called him "Comrade"? I didn't see my old friend until yesterday. My brother is going to a small factory. Where is my brother going to work? It is said/reported/announced/(as we all know) that … is/was+time+how long has it been since …. It has been three years since I met him in Beijing. I haven't lived in that small mountain village with farmers for a long time. It has been five months since I arrived in new york. It has been five months since I left new york. It has been five months since I left new york. (Note: the final verb refers to the time when the action occurs; If it is a state verb or a continuous verb, it starts counting from the end of the action or state. ) (8)It+time+before… This sentence pattern and the time in the above sentence pattern are all time periods, such as long, year, month, week, five days, three hours, twenty minutes and so on. But the tense of the main clause is mostly the general future tense or the general past tense. It will be years before we meet again. It will be several years before we meet again. Soon they set off for the front. Soon they set off for the front. This is/was/will be the first/second/third time … this is my first time here. This is the second time that he has seen this film. It's up to sb. Someone should do something. It's up to you to decide when we start. Choose 1 to fill in the blanks. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (nmet1995) A. there B. this C. that D. it analysis: the answer is D. this question examines the usage as a formal subject. The clause led by that is the real subject. In order to avoid being top-heavy and balance the sentence structure, put it at the beginning of the sentence as the formal subject. 2. I hope there are enough wine glasses for each guest to have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (nmet1995) a.It B. those C. they D. an analysis: the answer is D. this question examines the difference between the substitution words it and ONE. Used to replace similar, specific and identical things; Replace people or things of the same kind. According to the meaning of the question, "I hope there are enough cups for every guest to have one." As we all know, application one refers to an adequate pair of glasses. Was it _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that I saw at the concert last night? A. it you b. not you c. you that yourself analysis: the answer is a. this question examines the form of interrogative sentences that emphasize sentence patterns. It is not difficult to get the answer by changing the sentence order into a declarative sentence. It came home after the experiment. Never midnight means he didn't go to B. Never midnight means he didn't go to A. He didn't go to C. He didn't go to C. The answer is C. This question examines the emphasis structure of the not…until sentence pattern, and its most basic structure is that he didn't go home after the experiment. He didn't go home until midnight after the experiment. Pay attention to the inverted structure in 2, put the underlined part of 2 in the emphasized part of It be that…, but pay attention to the inverted form after that clause.