Balance sheet; Taxes will be different; Accounting system; sound value
First, the new income tax accounting standards are new norms for tax differences.
Enterprise income tax accounting is the concrete embodiment of the difference between accounting system and tax system in income tax accounting. On February 15, 2006, the Ministry of Finance issued a new accounting standard for business enterprises, among which "Accounting Standard for Business EnterprisesNo. 18-Income Tax" (hereinafter referred to as "the new accounting standard for income tax") standardized the recognition, measurement and presentation of relevant information. The new income tax accounting standards take a completely different approach from the old ones in dealing with tax differences.
Second, the impact of the new accounting standards on taxation will be handled in different ways.
At present, economic globalization has entered a new stage of development. In order to meet the needs of domestic and international economic environment, China's accounting standards have been innovated in accounting objectives. The new Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises-Basic Standards clearly stipulates the accounting objectives as follows: "The objective of financial accounting reports is to provide accounting information related to the financial status, operating results and cash flow of enterprises to users of financial accounting reports, reflect the performance of entrusted responsibilities of enterprise management, and help users of financial accounting reports make economic decisions.
Third, the balance sheet debt method is used to deal with the temporary differences between tax associations.
The new income tax accounting standards stipulate that enterprises should adopt the balance sheet debt method to deal with the temporary differences between tax associations.
In order to improve the relevance of enterprise income tax information and the usefulness of decision-making. Income tax accounting adopts the balance sheet debt method. The balance sheet view is located in the center of the balance sheet. Confirm assets, liabilities and income from the perspective of balance sheet, and then confirm income according to the changes of assets and liabilities. Income comes from the increase of enterprise assets value or the decrease of liabilities value, which can be further considered as the increase of enterprise net assets. Under the "balance sheet view-",profit represents the increase of net assets, loss represents the decrease of net assets, and the income statement becomes a subsidiary statement of the balance sheet; The corresponding income view is comprehensive income view, that is, income includes realized income and unrealized income. This view requires enterprises to improve the information quality of assets and liabilities, make provision for asset impairment in time, correctly reflect the future economic benefits of assets, and not overestimate the value of assets; Require enterprises to reasonably confirm the estimated liabilities, fully reflect the current liabilities, and not underestimate the liabilities and losses.
The balance sheet liability method is based on the balance sheet. By comparing the book values of assets and liabilities listed in the balance sheet determined according to accounting standards and tax basis determined according to tax law, the taxable temporary differences and deductible temporary differences are determined respectively, the related deferred income tax liabilities and deferred income tax assets are determined, and the income tax expenses in the income statement of each accounting period are determined on this basis.
Four, the determination of tax basis and temporary differences is the core issue of the balance sheet liability method.
The key to the correct application of the balance sheet liability method lies in determining the tax basis of assets and liabilities according to the provisions of the tax law, and on this basis, determining the differences between the book values of assets and liabilities and tax basis. That is, to determine their temporary differences. Therefore, the determination of tax basis and temporary difference is also the core issue of tax differential treatment.
Tax basis of assets refers to the amount that can be deducted when calculating taxable economic benefits in the process of recovering the book value of assets, that is, the amount that can be deducted before tax according to the provisions of the tax law when the assets are used or finally disposed of in the future. The tax basis of a liability refers to its book value minus the amount that the liability can be charged before tax in the future, that is, the tax basis of the liability = book value-the amount that can be charged before tax in the future.
The new income tax accounting standards clarify the related concepts of temporary differences in tax society and stipulate the confirmation of temporary differences. For enterprises, if the book value of an asset is less than its tax basis, the difference between the two can offset the taxable income and income tax payable in the future, and should be recognized as an asset, which is called deductible temporary difference; On the contrary, if the book value of an asset is greater than its tax basis, the difference between them will increase the future taxable income and payable income tax, which should be recognized as a liability, called taxable temporary difference. It can be seen that the balance sheet debt method better embodies the accrual principle, that is, the accrual principle. Therefore, accounting information and information are provided accordingly.