2. Guide students to analyze the common problems in composition selection. 3. Master the methods and skills of selecting essays to improve students' ability of selecting essays.
Teaching emphasis: 1. Analyze the common problems in composition selection and improve students' ability to select materials. 2. Master the methods and skills of choosing a composition and apply them to writing practice.
Teaching difficulties: analyze the common problems in composition selection, guide students to select materials and improve their ability to select materials. Teaching process: First, create a situation in the new class and introduce a composition. We trained a composition on the topic of "Parents' Love". The topic put forward by a classmate is very good in conception and content expression, but it can be seen at a glance that it is fictional material: my father was sick for a week because of my slight cold. Can people believe this is true? Another classmate wrote "An Umbrella on a Rainy Day", which is roughly like this: when school was over, it rained heavily, but when she was helpless, her mother drifted in. As a result, she got caught in the rain and got sick.
Although the writing is not bad, I always feel that the content is too old. These all involve the selection of materials for the composition, so how should we choose materials for our composition? Second, analyze the problem 1 in combination with the reality. Students analyze the reasons for the material selection errors in combination with their own material selection reality, then communicate at the same table, and finally ask students to summarize.
2. Teacher's inspiration and induction: There are three main problems in composition selection: First, there are thousands of people. The performance is that the materials are old-fashioned and cannot attract readers.
The second is indiscriminate stacking materials. It is manifested in the use of many materials, but it is not typical.
Third, patchwork and blind imitation give people a sense of plagiarism. Third, control the excellent examples, master the methods and skills of selecting materials 1, study in groups, and analyze the methods and skills of selecting materials by comparing the excellent works in the last composition.
She came over, hesitated, hugged me gently and said, "Oh, don't be afraid, we are here, ah!" " "I pushed her away and shouted," Go away, don't worry! "Her face suddenly turned ugly." Pa ",my father gave me a slap in the face. "How do you talk to your mother? ""she's not my mother! " I said slowly, "Get out. "
Dad hesitated, and I clearly heard his swallowing voice. After the door was closed, the room became silent again. It's terribly quiet. I looked up at the wall clock. It was a quarter past three.
Outside the window, the moonlight is dim, there are no stars in the sky, only a crescent moon hangs alone in the sky, and it seems that even a little broken pale yellow will be swallowed up by boundless darkness. I gently rubbed the little blue moon on my chest and put it on my face, as if I smelled my mother instantly. This is the only thing my mother left me. I asked softly in my mind, "Mom, are you all right?" I will never forget that winter, the red winter.
My mother and I stepped on the snow to buy a sweater for my father. As a result, when crossing the road, my shoelaces came loose. When I squatted down to tie my shoelaces, a truck rushed at me. My mother screamed and rushed over and pushed me hard. I retreated a meter or two, and the ground was instantly covered with broken deep red, slowly extending and climbing up my body, and I fainted. I don't know how long it took, but I slowly opened my eyes. The dazzling sunshine turned everything white, burned my eyes, and exposed red flowers in the snow, flashing in my heart.
"Ah," I screamed out of control. My father hugged me and tears welled up in his eyes. He choked up and said, "Oh, don't be afraid, you still have a father …" My thoughts about my mother came to an abrupt end. Without my mother, I am very silent, and I am awakened by nightmares every night: the white background is full of deep red, all over my body ... My mother was caught off guard, as if she had taken something away from the air, which kept me suffocating.
However, before long, my father actually married a new mother for me. He never told me why, and I don't want to know, but I still have an unprecedented desire for revenge. I do all kinds of revenge crazily, but sometimes I look up at the sky occasionally, and I feel sad: maybe she just wants to take care of me, but I really don't want anyone to replace my mother, just, inwardly, why are you so sad? One night, I went to the bathroom and vaguely heard them talking. I held my breath and put my ear to their bedroom door.
"Juanzi, this period of time, let you be wronged. That child is so ignorant! Don't take it to heart! " "Oh, this is my fault.
Shen can't accept me because she thinks I have taken her mother's place, and I won't mind. ""this child, oh, your birthday is coming, what do you want? " "Why do you say that? It was also Shen's birthday. Stop fooling around and go to bed! "I quietly returned to the bedroom with loss, and my tears kept falling.
I just remembered: she talked to me, and I didn't respond at all, ignoring her existence; And she just stopped talking silently and looked disappointed. When I have typhoid fever, she will take a day off to stay at home with me; But when she had stomach trouble, I just watched TV indifferently and made her get up hard to get water to take medicine.
She has many beautiful red clothes, but she never wears them. It's been so long, I never took the initiative to say a word to her ... I touched the blue moon and was wet with tears. From that day on, I began to try to be nice to her. She tried to answer her questions and tried not to disagree with her, but she was flattered and often at a loss.
I'm beginning to feel sorry for her. I can't tell you why. On her birthday, we all received gifts from her father. She shook off a long red dress with delicate pins. She smiled in a panic and quickly stuffed the bag back. I was stung by this series of actions, walked up to her and said softly, "It looks good on you. Would you like to try it on? " She jerked back, tears flashing in her muddy eyes. She nodded and put on a long skirt.
Beautiful and noble. I didn't call her "mom", but cleverly called her "Aunt Juan", and she was satisfied.
Suddenly I found myself too tired before, and now I have a new one.
2. Composition guidance in lesson plans "How to choose materials"-choose materials around the center → middle school Chinese teaching resource network → Chinese lesson plans → composition guidance-choose materials around the center 2000-1 23 → Li Shengping aims at mobile phone teaching objectives:1. Learn the writing method of choosing materials around the center. Language. Teaching emphasis: objective 1, 2 teaching difficulties: objective 2 teaching tools: slides 1. Preparation before writing: (10`) 1 First, let the students read the material of P 20- 12 1, and check two or three students to answer: this material. What are the common mistakes in our writing? Then the teacher and classmates translated * * *, and finally the teacher made a clear summary. Skateboard: Write a good article: A 1: The selected materials can fully serve the center. A2: Don't think about "material-center-material" when you start writing. A3: After the central meaning is established, it often needs to be considered in many ways. A4: You'd better list one. Order. B: Error-prone: there is no center, and no materials are selected around the center. Ask a student to read the article "Hands" in P 122-P 133. Then, please ask a few students (two or three) to point out the central meaning of this Russian article and the problems in the material. Teachers and students * * *, the teacher is clear. (Slide) Blackboard Book: Hand: The center shows grandma's hard work and selfless dedication. (Or invite students to perform materials on the blackboard (1) Something about Grandpa (irrelevant) (2) Description of Grandma's hand (irrelevant) (3) Grandma cooks and threads (4) Send my mother and me home (irrelevant) (5) Grandma's letter. (irrelevant) 2. Learn knowledge: Ask students to list their central meaning and materials and the structure of the article in combination with the article "My Teacher" (2`), and then translate it by teachers and students. The teacher is very clear. Because this article is a text learned in the textbook, the teacher doesn't need to write it on the blackboard. ) 3. Applied knowledge: Let students read the example of "Zhong Ji" in P 123-P 125, let students write its central meaning and materials, and then list its outline. The teacher checked the completion of two students. The teacher knows very well that it is written on the blackboard: clock notes (10 `) center: the socialist motherland keeps pace with the times. First material: 1. In my grandfather's time, I didn't know clocks. Secondly, I talked about clocks and watches. Second, the double bell alarm clock entertains me to go to school. The second is to update several generations of domestic watches. Second, the new performance of semiconductor watches is that the motherland is advancing. Third, the watch is small and exquisite. The motherland is not advancing. Innovative knowledge: Ask students to choose one of the following reference topics. Then, write the center, materials and outline at the back of the photo. The teacher randomly selected three students' reading centers and outlines. Teachers' comments, teachers' clear summary and re-examination: when writing a composition, we must select materials around the central meaning, try our best to write articles and make good use of the motherland (if students' outlines are really difficult, teachers can make outline demonstrations) (20 `) 5. Homework: Choose a composition topic from the reference topic on page P 123, and write a narrative of about 600 words according to the outline listed in this lesson. The requirement is to select materials around the center and complete the composition in the second class. (3`) 6. Design a blackboard clock 1: center _ _.
3. Write a composition around the central idea. Write a composition around the central idea
Scene description, so what is a scene? Scenes generally refer to scenes presented to people in group activities within a certain period of time. Just like a scene or scene we saw in a play.
What scenes have we participated in or seen in our life? Here are some examples for your reference.
The labor site. We often participate in school-run factories, farms or service labor at school. There are many people's enthusiasm and enthusiasm in labor, and there are good people and good deeds in labor. We also often visit factories, villages and shops and ask questions to see how uncles and aunts work. These are the scenes of childbirth.
Game scene. Students often play games together at home or on campus, and teachers also organize various activities during sports activities. These game scenes are often very lively and interesting, and students are familiar with them.
Entertainment circle In our colorful after-school life, entertainment is a very important content. There are many vivid scenes in literary performances, party activities, watching movies and TV plays that are worth remembering.
Ceremony site. At the beginning of each semester, we will hold the opening ceremony. The ceremony is usually held in your city, village or town, or when a new building is completed. The scenes of these ceremonies are meaningful and instructive, and we should carefully observe and record this memorable moment.
Sports scenes. At the sports meeting, athletes chase after each other, struggle hard and strive to create excellent results; The audience applauded and cheered for the athletes. These exciting scenes are unforgettable.
Life scenes. There are many scenes in daily life that are also very distinctive. For example, buying goods, family reunion, traveling by car and boat, seeking medical treatment, building houses and repairing walls; , decorate the bedroom, etc. , have a strong flavor of life.
Meeting site. Class meeting, team meeting, school meeting; Meeting heroes and model figures and attending various celebrations and commemorative meetings often leave a deep impression on us.
In a word, practicing scene description can improve our observation cognitive ability and narrative description ability.
4. What is the scene of the composition written around the central meaning? Scenes generally refer to scenes presented to people in group activities within a certain period of time.
Just like a scene or scene we saw in a play. What scenes have we participated in or seen in our life? Here are some examples for your reference.
The labor site. We often participate in school-run factories, farms or service labor at school. There are many people's enthusiasm and enthusiasm in labor, and there are good people and good deeds in labor.
We also often visit factories, villages and shops and ask questions to see how uncles and aunts work. These are the scenes of childbirth. Game scene.
Students often play games together at home or on campus, and teachers also organize various activities during sports activities. These game scenes are often very lively and interesting, and they are also familiar entertainment scenes for students.
In our colorful after-school life, entertainment is a very important content. There are many vivid scenes in literary performances, party activities, watching movies and TV plays that are worth remembering.
Ceremony site. At the beginning of each semester, we will hold the opening ceremony.
Ceremonies are usually held in your city, village or town, and also when new buildings are completed. The scenes of these ceremonies are meaningful and instructive, and we should carefully observe and record this memorable moment.
Sports scenes. At the sports meeting, athletes chase after each other, struggle hard and strive to create excellent results; The audience applauded and cheered for the athletes. These exciting scenes are unforgettable.
Life scenes. There are many scenes in daily life that are also very distinctive.
For example, buying goods, family reunion, traveling by car and boat, seeking medical treatment, building houses and repairing walls; , decorate the bedroom, etc. , have a strong flavor of life. Meeting site.
Class meeting, team meeting, school meeting; Meeting heroes and model figures and attending various celebrations and commemorative meetings often leave a deep impression on us. In a word, practicing scene description can improve our observation cognitive ability and narrative description ability.
5. composition guidance for the senior high school entrance examination [composition guidance for the senior high school entrance examination] This is a traditional way of proposition, and it is the composition guidance for the senior high school entrance examination. A few years ago, some people said that there was a crisis in propositional composition, but in recent years, from the perspective of college entrance examination, propositional composition has shown vitality. Especially in the senior high school entrance examination, propositional composition is more common. This is because it can better examine students' ability of examining questions and selecting materials than giving materials and making their own questions. This is its outstanding advantage. As far as imagination and expressive ability are concerned, its examination function is not inferior to giving materials and self-made questions. Its only drawback is that it is easy to be guessed. If the proposer wants to use the form of a proposition and try not to be guessed, he will change some topics. If he is used to writing about my class group or I love my class group, he will change it to me and my class group. I am used to writing "between classes" and having an "after class"; I am used to writing about such topics as setbacks and failures, but it may not be so easy to change to a small twist I experienced. It should be noted that the whole proposition is characterized by a whole word. Take the topic of a small twist I experienced as an example. The prefix is twists and turns, and three attributes are added in front of it: it is a small twist rather than a * * * fold, and it is time. That's not what I heard. It can also be distinguished from some similar topics by defining different levels of examination questions. There is also a kind of propositional composition, which is not only full of propositions, but also has hints. The purpose is to inspire students' thinking and help them choose materials, such as' 94 Wuhan topic "Life gives me thoughts" and' 94 Nanjing topic "Applause", all of which have such hints, and they delimit the scope for candidates in material selection. Some also put forward specific requirements. This is a new form of all-proposition composition, which reduces the difficulty of examination and represents the new trend of all-proposition composition. B. Semi-propositions, such as "I want to …" and "I understand _ _", allow candidates to fill in appropriate words at ellipsis and horizontal lines; There is also a semi-proposition that provides alternative words, such as 1994 Guiyang's "Remember a lesson". Alternative words are vivid, unforgettable, impressive, interesting and instructive. In fact, these two methods are to help candidates to establish centers and choose materials, with greater freedom and wider scope, so that candidates can express their deepest feelings at will, because the centers and materials are chosen by themselves. One is to write a narrative for the material-some are continued, some are rewritten, and some are neither continued nor rewritten, but let the candidates use their imagination to write a narrative according to the material; There is also an explanatory text for materials. The materials for writing materials are different from the tips of full-proposition or semi-proposition compositions. The hint is just an inspiration, and does not provide a story or some specific situations. Narration or discussion can only be based on this. Giving materials is different, or giving stories or specific situations (facts, figures, remarks, etc.). ). It is not the introduction of narration or discussion, but the basis of narration or discussion-according to it, either narration and broadening the artistic conception with imagination or discussion with practice. D. give materials+propositions+tips. For example, the material composition of Anhui Province in 1994 is as follows: Give one first. Turning night into day, there will be 50 solar sails in space by the end of this century, and imagination is needed according to the materials. If there are solar sails where you live at the end of this century, how will you and the people around you spend that wonderful and magical night? The title is Magic Night. It is also suggested that you can write about traditional festival nights, weekend nights, quiet mountain village nights ... you may be in the observatory, in the laboratory, in the university campus. In the commercial building, on the country road ... this combination of materials, propositions and hints helps candidates to take imagination as the basis, hints as the introduction and topics as the narrative scope, thus guiding the composition of the senior high school entrance examination. If we can pay full attention to these points, it will not be easy to stray from the topic when writing. There are both restrictions and freedom, which can better examine students' imagination and expression ability. It is the product of the combination of propositional composition and material composition. (2) Three elements of composition A. Content, including conception, material selection and center. The relationship between them is inseparable. Intention determines the selection of materials, which should obey the needs of the center; The conception needs to be supported by materials, and the center needs to be highlighted by materials. Without the selection of materials, the idea and the center are empty. Conception is the key, material selection is the guarantee, and the center is the gripper. Meaning is thought, that is, point of view: materials are deeds or examples, including truth. The center is the scope of the topic definition. For example, writing a flag-raising activity (Shenyang title' 94) shows that patriotic thoughts and feelings are ideas. The patriotic speech under the national flag is the selection of materials, and the center is the flag raising. You can't write the national flag without raising the word, or you will be out of the center. Another example is "talking about setbacks" ('94 Xi' an topic). Setbacks can make people fall into the pit, gain wisdom and make fewer mistakes. That's the idea. List examples of people around you rising from setbacks and typical examples and speeches of celebrities at home and abroad. These materials must be setbacks selected from different sides. Enumerating examples is not the purpose, but the purpose is to expound the viewpoint of learning through dialectical analysis. If the selected deeds or examples are not setbacks, or some setbacks are listed without talking about them, they are all off the center and irrelevant. The former will lead to the donkey's lips not the horse's mouth, while the latter will make the article write like a narrative rather than an argumentative one. The intention should be profound. The materials should be rich, at least specific, and the center should be prominent, at least clear or basically clear, relevant or basically relevant. This is the basic requirement for content. B. structure. The basic requirements of the structure are: rigorous, complete, organized, economical, well-defined and appropriate in details. The specific requirements of rigorous structure are: explanation in advance and care afterwards; Sentence to sentence, paragraph to paragraph are closely connected, and the transition is natural, consistent and consistent. Integrity means having a beginning and a end, without incomplete sentences or paragraphs. Being organized means that the order of sentences and paragraphs is properly arranged. What to say first, then what to say.
6. How to Write Your Hobbies How to Write Your Hobbies First, introduce your hobbies to others. Introduce your hobbies widely first, and then choose the hobbies that can best highlight your personality characteristics, such as reading books or playing games. Second, learning objectives stimulate your interest in homework and feel the fun of homework. A) Pay attention to your personality and keep consistent with your hobbies. The practice process should reflect. B) Grasp the characteristics of a hobby of "I" and write it clearly. 3. The focus and difficulty of learning. Grasp the characteristics of a hobby of "I" and describe it in an orderly way. 4. Teaching process 1. Famous sayings are introduced into the new class. Einstein said that interest is the best teacher; Goethe also said that hobbies are the first step to acquire knowledge. Where there is no interest, there is no memory. Psychology tells us that interest is one of them.
.. the source of motivation for people to engage in certain activities.
This shows how much hobbies and interests have to do with our knowledge and achievements. Today, let's learn how to write a good hobby. 2. Tell me about it (1) and listen to famous sayings. From their descriptions, I felt the importance of hobbies. Then let the students try to talk about themselves. First of all, think about what hobbies they have to introduce to others. Tip: A. Everyone has his own hobbies. For example, in literature and art, they like singing, dancing, drawing, playing the piano and playing the flute. Sports: love to play ball, play chess and run long distances; Science and technology: love to do small experiments, install radios and operate computers; Study: like writing, math, reading extracurricular books and learning foreign languages; There are also hobbies such as raising small animals, planting flowers, decorating small rockeries, playing cricket and so on. Writing "I" should be the most prominent and favorite. B. hobbies should also be reflected by concrete examples. If you write "I love playing football", "I like playing football too much" and "I'm dreaming" vaguely, it's hard to write your hobbies. According to the students' introduction to the blackboard: reading, writing, playing basketball, playing computer, making small inventions, listening to music, etc. Summary: When writing this article, students can list a series of examples to reflect their hobbies, or they can use one or two specific things to reflect their hobbies. In addition, they can combine the two methods. Write down one of your hobbies by combining general enumeration with specific narration. (2) Work in groups and talk to each other in groups. Requirements: Everyone should talk and other students should listen carefully. You can ask questions: What is unclear; Or what else do you want to know about the speaker? If it's not good enough, help correct it. (Teacher patrol: give affirmation and praise in time, and give guidance in time when problems are found. Students can be guided to ask questions around what, why and how. For example, what are your hobbies? Why do you regard him as your hobby? How did you do that? (3) Pay attention to the problem: ① First of all, you should have a clear understanding of your personality and hobbies. First, try to ask yourself what kind of personality you are. If you are not sure, you can learn from your parents, neighbors, friends, classmates and others, and then think about what you like and why. (2) Your hobbies should be consistent with your own personality, not contradictory. For example, "I am a quiet little boy, and my hobby is playing basketball." My personality and hobbies are contradictory here. It should be said, "I am a quiet little boy, and my hobby is reading." "Quiet" and "reading" are the same. Quiet means you don't like playing, so how can you like playing? Quiet and quiet are generally combined with reading. Don't introduce your appearance, figure and family environment too much. 4 focus on the reasons for your hobbies. ⑤ Pay attention to writing in detail around a hobby. (4) Each group recommends one person to show in class, and other students listen carefully, put forward their own opinions and suggestions, and evaluate the oral composition (the teacher gives random guidance based on the students' comments. Prompt to speak and write in a certain order). "Chinese Curriculum Standard" points out that students should "have the basic ability and communicative ability of daily oral communication, initially learn to communicate with people in a civilized way, and cultivate the spirit of cooperation". Then, in composition teaching, teachers should try to use the text in class and carry out "speaking" activities to pave the way for "writing". Write this composition in the composition book. After writing, read it in the group, let the students comment on their hobbies, and then modify them. 4. Comment and read your written exercises to everyone. The teacher guides the students to evaluate and tries to find the bright spot in the composition. For example, did you write about your hobbies? Choose materials around the center? Is this hobby specific? Is it justified? Use a word accurately; Write a sentence vividly; A certain rhetorical device is used properly, and so on. Teachers can also put forward their own opinions and suggestions euphemistically to help students improve. 5. Give a reward (1), recommend an exercise to the students, and then talk about what impression the article gives you. What hobbies does the author write about? What does this hobby reflect the author's personality? My favorite song My favorite song is-"Childhood" is not as fast as Jay Chou's songs, and it is not as energetic as S H E's songs. It is gentle and elegant, but when I think of it, an indescribable feeling arises spontaneously, and I think of it many times. "The teacher's chalk kept writing on the blackboard, waiting for class to end, waiting for school to end. Listening to this sweet song, I can't help but think of my childhood and the time and money I wasted. It really smells like "young people don't work hard, but old people are sad"! When I was a child, I often had no intention to study and was very playful. I always leave piles of homework to play with my friends. I often buy some useless things before spending money. At that time, I thought it was okay to spend some money to be happy, but I never thought about how my parents earned it. Although I am not a "boss", I am no longer a naive and romantic little girl. Maybe I can try again, but I am Jane.