Psychology believes that psychology is the reflection function of the human brain to objective reality. People's study, work and life are maintained, guided, encouraged or strengthened by their own psychological factors (such as motivation, interest and emotion). In the process of students' growth, the appearance of different psychological states and behaviors will more or less affect the improvement of their own quality in all aspects. How to guide students to different psychological states, so as to optimize students' psychological quality and improve the efficiency of education and teaching is a concern of teachers. Students' psychological obstacles include selfishness, conservatism, inferiority and anxiety. The following is my experience on some psychological problems.

First, cultivate collectivism and overcome selfishness.

Selfishness means that words and deeds only consider their own interests, and only take their own preferences as the starting point, rather than the overall social and collective interests. Some of these students can aspire to further study and hope to do something to climb the peak of science. They have strong self-exploration ability and self-study spirit, and can respect teachers, study hard and practice hard. However, because they are often immersed in their studies, their collective concept is often weak, and they are even indifferent to collective work, thinking only about their own future and personal interests. ?

For this kind of students, we should not only give full play to their enthusiasm for learning, but also grasp their characteristics of respecting teachers and obeying laws and regulations, cultivate their collectivism spirit, and make them influence and drive other students with their excellent ideological and moral character and academic achievements to become leaders who care about the collective and others, so as to help others and transform themselves. To this end, I first conducted collectivism education in the whole class to make them realize that collectivism is the basic feature of the relationship between social members, individuals and collectives, and individuals and countries, and it is the basic code of conduct for people to relate to each other and treat collectives and countries. Students with good collectivism spirit should take the best interests of the broad masses as the starting point and destination of all their words and deeds, and combine personal interests with collective interests. Then I assign suitable jobs according to their specialties and wishes, let them manage people, and let them deal with interpersonal relationships in the collective. In order to gradually cultivate the sense of socialist responsibility, the "self" should be integrated into the collective "big self". Xiao Li is the secretary of the Youth League branch. His academic performance is excellent, he is fair and influential among his classmates. The class cadres are willing to listen to his opinions, but he is afraid to fight against bad phenomena because of his many ideological concerns. Some disciplinary incidents were not boldly stopped, and they did not dare to reflect them truthfully afterwards. I will pay attention to guiding his way of thinking and working methods, assigning tasks and checking in time; Praise his achievements; If something goes wrong, I will take responsibility for him. So he took the initiative to work boldly. He not only cherishes time, works hard and gets excellent grades, but also cares about the collective everywhere. He made suggestions for building a "United, friendly, realistic and enterprising" class group, organized members to carry out activities, actively assisted the class teacher to do the ideological work of underachievers, and linked his words and deeds with the class collective honor. Under his influence, Qi Xin, the whole class, worked together. At the end of last semester, the League branch of this class was rated as "Advanced League Branch" in Sanshui City, and this class was rated as "Civilized Demonstration Class" of the school of the year. Xiao Li himself was also rated as an "excellent group cadre". ?

Second, stimulate learning enthusiasm and overcome conservative psychology.

Conservative psychology refers to the psychological state of wanting to maintain the status quo and not seeking progress. Such students can respect teachers, be disciplined and get good grades, but they lack competitive psychology, are content with the status quo, refuse to make great efforts in their studies, have the view of "completing the task" and just want to "graduate safely". For this kind of students, we should adopt the method of encouraging and encouraging education, adhere to the positive education of changing ideas, broaden our horizons with the ideas and examples of "three orientations" and "four haves", especially according to the psychological factors that form their thoughts, make full use of their strengths and avoid their weaknesses, do detailed enlightenment work, and do not lower their requirements in learning. While asking them to solve the same comprehensive problems as top students, we should also try our best to create opportunities for them to show their talents. This is undoubtedly a great mobilization for students who are content with the status quo. In addition, pay attention to timely praise. Psychology shows that everyone likes to hear others praise themselves. There is a male student named Lin, who has a flexible mind, but his math scores are average. He is not strong enough to study math in Grade Two, and he just wants to graduate. On one exam, this classmate scored 65 points in mathematics, which was average in the whole class, but it was better than before. So I seized this opportunity, praised him in class, and fully affirmed his progress and recent personal investment. Since then, his enthusiasm for learning mathematics is high, and he often delves into mathematical problems, and he also takes the initiative to ask me if he doesn't understand. So I specially gave him a copy of "Methods of Solving Mathematics Problems in College Entrance Examination". After a period of diligent study and study, the results have been greatly improved, and the senior high school entrance examination has jumped to 85 points, and the results have been maintained to this day, ranking among the best. I know that he was inspired by praise and study. It can be seen that teachers can make full use of praise to affirm students' efforts in teaching, which will play an important role in students' progress. Once they see their abilities, they will certainly enhance their sense of competition and give full play to their talents. ?

Third, establish self-confidence in learning and overcome inferiority.

The inferiority I am talking about here is not a general feature of personality, but excessive cowardice and inferiority. For example, I am afraid to speak and do things in front of others, and I always feel that others will laugh at him; I am inferior to others in all aspects and have no confidence. The above performance is easy to happen to students with low intelligence level, because they can't solve the difficulties in learning, have more emotional experiences of failure, and hear more reprimands and taunts, thus being indifferent to the people around them. ?

We should never abandon such students, but give them more love. This kind of love includes two aspects. One is to guide them to treat themselves correctly, get rid of the shadow of inferiority and regain their confidence. I remember an American poet once said, "Self-confidence is the first secret of success." If a person loses self-confidence and lacks internal motivation, it is impossible to make positive progress. We should explore their bright spots, encourage them to learn the deeds of Edison, Chen Jingrun, Zhang Haidi and other figures, eliminate psychological barriers, put down their mental burdens, stand up straight and look forward. Second, we should "help" them in their studies, patiently supplement their basic knowledge, guide them to solve problems, and assign them homework according to the most basic requirements of the syllabus and textbooks. In addition, we should find students with good foundation, explain to them what I will do in the future, let them cooperate with the class group, and then assign students with poor foundation and students with good grades to help encourage students with poor foundation. Furthermore, in teaching, we should pay attention to teaching at different levels, design questions of different grades, so that they can change from "not knowing" to "beginning to understand", and then gradually raise their requirements, consciously choose some questions to improve, or let them demonstrate their books on the blackboard when they find that they have done something right in the patrol class, so that they can also have a chance to show themselves. After a period of hard work, they have eliminated the psychological barriers of anxiety and inferiority, and enhanced their self-esteem and self-esteem. ?

The above is the author's experience in teaching practice for many years. We have made some achievements in teaching and education, and will continue to work hard in the future, constantly exploring new experiences and striving for greater achievements.