A hundred schools of thought contended during the Warring States Period. Some writers inherited the pre-Qin period.
The fine tradition of philosophers is to care about the development of the country and society and face the reality.
Analysis of the situation, the courage to express their own political opinions and opinions, so that the political theory in the early Han Dynasty
Wen has a distinct color of the times. Jia Yi and Chao Cuo are political essays in this period.
Representative writer. Their political articles or works criticize the current disadvantages and analyze the society.
Actual contradiction; Or sum up the reasons for the short-term collapse of the Qin Dynasty and make the past serve the present.
Today's metaphors are all written deeply and clearly, with strong persuasiveness and appeal. as soon as...
In terms of article style, Jia Yi and Chao Cuo have their own characteristics. Lu Xun wrote in China Literature
"History Outline" points out that Jia and Chao Weiwen are frank and eager to speak their minds.
Friendship is literary and broad, and Chao Cuo is far-sighted. Their political comments are "all"
It was a long road for Hong Wen in the Western Han Dynasty. "
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ousted hundreds of scholars, respected Confucianism alone, and became an official of scholars through Confucian classics.
Tools, but "The Scholars" has strict family laws and complicated chapters, and many scholars are proud of their heads.
Poor classics are becoming more and more divorced from reality and impractical. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the study of divination
The rise of the Eastern Han Dynasty has added theological color to the empty and sparse classics.
All scholars are also affected. All these make general political articles also
Covered with the mysterious fog barrier of Confucian classics, it is pedantic and dull, lacking in vitality. but
A few writers can break through the shackles of Confucian classics and inherit the traditions of Jia Yi and Chao Cuo.
The increasingly sharp contradictions in feudal society and the corruption of the ruling class were ignored.
The decadent and theological Confucian classics were exposed and criticized. Because of the style of the article
Influenced by the creation of ci and fu, they tend to be parallel, but they think
However, thinking about the content is contrary to Ci Fu, and rarely praises the feudal ruling class.
Huan Kuan was in the sixth year (8 1 year BC) of Emperor Zhao Di in the Western Han Dynasty.
The documents of the iron conference, the theory of salt and iron, have been cut and sorted, which not only ensures
It preserved the historical data of economic thought in the middle of Western Han Dynasty, and also had a great influence on the social outlook at that time.
A concrete and vivid reflection, in which the criticism of current politics is unreasonable to society.
The exposure of images and the irony of unrealistic and pedantic classics are profound. exist
Formally, the theory of salt and iron is the transformation and change of the question-and-answer form of Han Fu.
It is innovative. The famous political essays in the Eastern Han Dynasty include Wang Fu's "On the Latent Husband".
Cui's Politics and Chang Yan. They played an important role in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
There are many profound expositions and sharp criticisms in the later society, and the article structure.
Strict and simple language, often enhanced by historical facts and vivid metaphors.
The persuasiveness of the argument. However, as far as the momentum and literary talent of the article are concerned, it is generally not as good as the West.
On Korean politics.
Wang Chong in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty was an outstanding materialist thinker in ancient China.
Jia's Lun Heng (85 articles) is an important work in the history of China's thought.
He held high the banner of "illness is false" and criticized the ruling class at that time.
He advocated superstitious belief in the fate of the divine right of destiny and put forward traditional ideas.
Bold doubt. He criticized the Confucian scholars at that time for "learning from a noble apprentice and thinking of virtue in the past."
The sage said nothing but the wrong attitude, and in Ask Confucius, "non-Korean",
In articles such as "Stabbing Meng", Confucius and Mencius, regarded as saints by Confucianism, made comments.
Analyze and point out its absurdity. Starting from this, Wang Chong also talked about the time.
Orthodox literature, which is mainly composed of Ci and Fu, is flashy and false.
Sharp criticism, and in the art increase, strange, lost,
I put forward my own positive opinions in books such as Case and Self-discipline.
The achievements of historical biography in prose of Han Dynasty are outstanding, which is the development of China ancient literature.
It occupies an important position in the exhibition history. Quanxin in Historical Records and Hanshu
The architectural age is regarded as a model by historians and writers.
China's historiography was established long ago. They are in charge of the books and written records of the country.
Notes, accumulated and sorted out a large number of documents for the rulers to consult and use. at present
Confucian Five Classics, Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin, etc. Mostly in the early days.
By a historian. After the warring States period, especially after the Qin fire, to the Han dynasty.
When the historian system was established, it existed in name only, and the loss of ancient books was more serious.
Heavy. After 60 or 70 years of rest, by the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the social economy had improved.
There has been economic and cultural prosperity. With the ideological and cultural expulsion of a hundred schools of thought contending,
The policy of respecting Confucianism alone is consistent, and summarizing and sorting out historical materials has become a culture.
The inevitable trend of thought. Historical Records was published under such social conditions.
Now Historical Records is a masterpiece of China's historiography.
Sima Qian, the author, created a people-centered biographical style, which was initiated after the Han Dynasty.
Zhili is a system used in the official history of past dynasties. And biographies of historical records
Remember, because of the author's ingenuity, it became a biography of ancient China.
The pioneering work of learning has influenced later writers in many ways.
Yes Zheng Qiao in the Song Dynasty said: "After one hundred generations, historians can't change their laws and scholars can't."
Can't give up his book. Mr. Lu Xun wrote: "The swan song of historians, no rhyme" comes from.
Sao. "All show Sima Qian's great contribution to the development of China literature.
Since Xuan Di, many scholars have continued to supplement historical records by compiling current events.
In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Biao "inherited the historical legacy before mining and made some biographies."
X (Biography of Ban Biao in the Later Han Dynasty). On this basis,
It was written as Han Shu. Although the system of Hanshu inherits Shiji, it
This is the first dynastic history of China, which records the first year of Emperor Gaozu (206 BC) to 206 BC.
The dynastic history of *** 229 years in the fourth year of Emperor Wang Mang (AD 23) is after history.
After Ji, it was created and developed again, which produced history and literature for later generations.
Have a great impact. For a long time, historians have always called Bama and Han Shi.
According to the records of Han Shu Literature and Art, prose in Han Dynasty also includes novels.
Yiwenzhi contains "fifteen novels, 1,380 articles" (actually 1,000 articles).
Three hundred and ninety articles). Ban Gu said: "Novelists flow, built from the official, street."
Tell me through the grapevine what hearsay has created. "("Hanshu Yiwenzhi ")
Huan Tan also said: "Novelists combine essays and essays into one, and by analogy, treat them as simple books."
There is a lot to say about managing the family. "("Selected Works of Jiang "Li" Miscellaneous Poems "
Most of the novels of the Han dynasty have been lost, and the existing title is Han people.
Author of Ten Kingdoms, Miscellanies of Xijing, Biography of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, etc.
By analogy, future generations are false. However, according to Ban Gu and Huan Tan, and the novels of the Han Dynasty,
According to documents and fake books, it is speculated that its content should be fantastic and ambitious, but it is actually Wei.
The origin of novels in the Jin Dynasty. Because these works "generally entrust the ancients, or remember the ancients.
Things, the trustee is as shallow as a child, and the chronicler is later than history ",not" non-classics ". "
Pass and return to Confucianism (Lu Xun's A Brief History of Chinese Novels), so it is contemporary.
Confucianism is so contemptuous that it cannot be passed on to future generations. Chinese novels don't exist, but
There are similar novelists in the existing prose works of Han Dynasty, such as Liu Xiang's Shuowen.
Garden, new order, biographies of women. The author compiled these three books.
Is to use historical stories to promote feudal political thought and ethics.
But in addition to the historical events from the pre-Qin dynasty to the Han dynasty, some of them are popular among the people.
Anecdotes, legends and fables are quite similar to later novels. In addition, "Wu
YueChunQiu, YueJueShu, old books and records are all included in the History Department, which is called Miscellaneous Notes.
History "and" record ". Both books describe the historical facts of wuyue's hegemony in the late Spring and Autumn Period.
Mainly based on Mandarin, Zuo Zhuan and Historical Records,
However, it also incorporates relevant folklore, said the Catalogue of Sikuquanshu.
"Wu Yue Chun Qiu" "A virgin tries a sword, an old man becomes an ape, and the public summons three responses."
Such words, especially those of modern novelists, naturally become the text of Notes on Officials in the Late Han Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, which
The writing method is enlightening to the later historical romance novels.