Due to the vigorous advocacy of the bourgeois reformists and the democratic revolutionaries, the novel creation in the late Qing Dynasty has developed unprecedentedly, and a large number of influential novels have emerged, forming a prosperous situation of novel creation in the late Qing Dynasty. The appearance of "Four Denunciation Novels in the Late Qing Dynasty" is an important symbol that China's novel creation has entered another prosperous period.

Li Boyuan (1867- 1906) wrote The Officialdom in the Sky, which is divided into five parts and 60 chapters in total. This is China's first novel serialized in newspapers and periodicals in modern times and achieved sensational social effects, which initiated the atmosphere of criticizing reality in modern novels. The novel consists of more than 30 relatively independent official stories, involving more than 100 officials of the Qing government from the emperor, empress dowager to petty officials, exposing all kinds of evil deeds and ugliness of these bureaucrats in broad daylight: they either embezzled public funds, accepted bribes and perverted the law; Or sell officials and titles and make a fortune; Or "however", it actually harms the people; Or pretend to be an official, shameless; Or obsequious and afraid of foreign countries, full of slavery. The work is like a long scroll of an ugly picture of officialdom at the end of feudal society, which touches the main contradiction of the society at that time. The writing method of the novel has been further developed on the basis of imitating The Scholars, and it makes full use of exaggerated and sloppy irony, and often outlines the voice, voice and posture of the characters with only a few strokes. He is also good at describing details, making the characters vivid and vivid, and has a strong artistic appeal. So many imitations later, which is a big attraction.

The Present Situation of Wonders Witnessed in Twenty Years was written by Wu (1866- 19 10), with a total of 108 times. This is an autobiographical novel. Through nearly 200 short stories of the protagonist from his father's death to business failure, this paper outlines all kinds of strange situations in the late Qing Dynasty from the Sino-French War to the beginning of the 20th century, which reflects a wider social life than The Officialdom in the Sky, involving shopping malls, foreign markets, scientific fields, doctors, astrologers and disparate religions. Exposing the political situation, moral outlook, social customs, social conditions and public opinion of China's increasingly colonial feudal society is of great significance and cognitive value, which can help readers see through the doomed and irreversible historical destiny of the late Qing society and feudal system. The novel tells the story in the first person, and its structure is complete, which makes readers feel cordial and credible. It is a precedent in the history of China's novels. The structure is also ingenious: A narrow escape is not only the narrator of the whole book story, but also the main line of the whole book structure. At the same time, through the combination of flashback and interpolation, the whole book is concise, convenient and seamless.

Liu E (1857- 1909) wrote "Travel Notes of Lao Can", a total of 20 articles. Liu E is an entrepreneur and scholar, not a professional writer, but his name as a writer is far better than that of entrepreneurs and scholars. This novel is an autobiographical unfinished work written in his later years. The novel takes the quack and the old disabled (Tie Ying) as the protagonist, recounts his experiences and activities during his travels in northern China, and exposes the decadent darkness of the Qing government, the brutality and fatuity of officials, and the poverty and oppression of the people. In particular, he criticized the abuse of power by those officials who were called "honest officials" and expressed the author's strong sense of anxiety about the reality of social and national peril. The artistic achievement of this novel is very high. First of all, superb description skills, no matter the object, scenery or narrative, can be vividly painted, such as the scenery of Qianfo Mountain and Daming Lake, the storytelling of Hu Ming, the moonlit night walk on Peach Blossom Mountain and so on. It makes people feel immersive. Secondly, its psychological description and psychological analysis can show the inner world of the characters with appropriate language. 3. Exquisite structural art novels take the form of travel notes, travel as the clue, the old and disabled as the central figure, and use the narrative style of prose to organically combine what they saw, heard and thought along the way, forming a unique structural feature of the novel.

Ceng Pu's Flowers of Evil (1872- 1935), 35 times. Evil Sea Flower is a novel with the characteristics of condemnation novel, historical novel and political novel. After winning the first prize in the novel Jin Shu (Wen Qing), he married Fu, a famous prostitute, as his concubine in Suzhou. Later, he was ordered to go to Russia, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands and other countries, taking Fu with him; After returning home, Jin died of illness in Beijing, and Fu left the Jin family and went to Shanghai to return to his old job, renamed Cao Menglan. Later, she went to Tianjin as a prostitute, named Sai Jinhua. Based on the story of Jin and Fu, the novel vividly describes the historical and cultural changes and political and social changes from Tongzhi to Guangxu for more than 30 years, exposes the decay of rulers, criticizes the feudal imperial examination system, satirizes those dignitaries and truly reflects their spiritual life and cultural mentality; At the same time, he also warmly praised the revolutionary activities of Feng Zicai, Liu Yongfu and other anti-Japanese heroes and Sun Yat-sen and other democratic revolutionaries, and expressed the author's idea of opposing feudal autocracy and advocating patriotic national democratic revolution to save the country. The characters in the novel are all insinuations. In the specific writing, the author uses the combination of modern popular block novel structure and traditional online novel structure to develop the plot, which is ups and downs, twists and turns touching and orderly, always around the main line, and things are staggered, giving people the feeling of flowers and pearls. The author is also good at describing the details and using flowery words. It only takes a few strokes to make the characters look perfect, so Lu Xun praised him for his "ingenious structure and brilliant literary talent".