No matter in school or in society, many people have written papers. There are many types of papers, including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers and so on. I believe that writing papers is a headache for many people. The following are the technical points of tunnel construction compiled by me for reference only, hoping to help everyone.

With the continuous increase of tunnel construction in China, more and more people begin to pay attention to the research of tunnel construction technology. This paper focuses on the construction of management system before tunnel construction and the analysis of technical points during tunnel construction, hoping to provide theoretical reference for tunnel construction in China in the future.

Tunnel engineering; Technology; build

1, preface

In today's society, with the continuous development of tunnel construction, more and more people begin to realize that using scientific and technological means to invest in tunnel work has very positive practical significance for the development of the whole tunnel project and the economic benefits of the third party or the surrounding environment. Tunnel engineering is diversified and comprehensive, with the characteristics of strong concealment, high risk and strong circulation. Therefore, the analysis and research on the technical points of tunnel engineering also brings some difficulties, which also restricts the success of tunnel engineering projects in China to some extent. In the whole project, how to do well the construction project is very important for the development of the whole project. In the management of project engineering, it can be said that technical management is particularly important. How to implement the technical points is equivalent to the smooth construction of the tunnel project, thus ensuring the smooth realization of the expected construction goals. Therefore, it can be found that improving the technical management of tunnel construction is of great practical significance for the long-term development of the whole tunnel project.

2. Establish and improve the tunnel construction technology management system.

Combined with previous research, we can find that tunnel construction has many characteristics, mainly in the following aspects:

(1) The workspace is relatively limited;

(2) The construction presents diversified and comprehensive work;

(3) The operation cycle is very strong;

(4) the operation is very hidden;

(5) Tunnel construction can be said to be a high-risk job;

(6) The construction environment is poor;

(7) Tunnel construction is non-static, and the mechanical state of the project shows a changing trend, as do the physical and mechanical properties of surrounding rock. In view of the above characteristics of tunnel construction, it also determines the particularity of tunnel construction. Therefore, it can be found that the current situation of tunnel engineering should be analyzed in time before tunnel mining, and a top-down unified leadership and hierarchical management system of technical business headed by chief engineer should be constructed. At the same time, according to the overall characteristics and scale of tunnel engineering, technical management functional institutions and functional personnel at all levels should be set up, and then the scope of responsibilities of functional institutions at all levels should be arranged, the responsibility system for graded management of tunnel construction safety and quality should be constructed, and the management system and content of technical management functional institutions should be improved.

3, the technical points in the process of tunnel engineering construction

In view of the present situation of tunnel construction in China, we put forward some technical points in this chapter, mainly focusing on the following aspects:

3. 1 Key points of construction technology management of tunnel entrance project.

In the whole project, the following links should be paid attention to in the construction of tunnel entrance project:

(1) In terms of the design of portal construction, make overall arrangements with nearby projects as far as possible, and shorten the project completion time on the basis of ensuring the project quality; At the same time, cold season and rainy season should be avoided as much as possible.

(2) Before the tunnel entrance construction, we should try our best to ensure the stability of uphill and slope, and deal with dangerous stones as soon as possible; At the same time, continuous supervision and prevention should be carried out throughout the construction process.

(3) Before the rainy season comes, the drainage system around the tunnel should be completed in time.

(4) Make full use of the site environment, such as protecting the uphill slope to ensure the tunnel entrance is in a stable state.

(5) When the tunnel is excavated, it should enter the tunnel this morning to prevent high slope; At the same time, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the damage caused by construction to the mountain, so as to put an end to soil erosion.

3.2 Key points of open-cut tunnel and hole construction.

In the whole tunnel project, the tunnel entrance and open hole can be said to be very important parts. As far as these two construction links are concerned, there are very strict technical points in themselves. The construction of open-cut tunnel must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of construction design. First of all, the bottom layer should be reinforced, and then the construction can be carried out in a layered way, and corresponding supporting measures should also be set up. For example, grass planting and gabion nets can be used to ensure the stability of the slope. Only on the basis of the above work can the open-cut tunnel be constructed. However, when constructing the side wall of open-cut tunnel, the stability of foundation must be ensured, which can be said to be the basis of safe production of the whole project.

3.3 Key points of technical management of tunnel excavation construction.

Tunnel excavation can be said to be the most important link in the whole tunnel construction project. Before tunnel excavation, reasonable safety protection measures should be taken to ensure that the surrounding rock has the ability to bear it by itself, and tunnel excavation can only be carried out after ensuring safety and stability. Combined with previous research, it can be found that most of the tunnel excavation techniques are presplitting blasting technology, smooth blasting technology and non-blasting machinery-assisted excavation method. As far as tunnel excavation is concerned, different technologies should be used in different parts.

3.4 Using scientific and technological means to promote the technical management of tunnel engineering.

No matter in what era, science and technology will always be the primary productive force. Using scientific and technological means to promote the technical production of tunnel engineering in China can greatly improve the engineering quality. In the actual tunnel engineering project, information technology can be properly applied to provide scientific basis and intelligent methods for the safe production of tunnel engineering; At the same time, scientific and technological means can also be used to solve the key, basic and management problems in the field of tunnel engineering. In addition, China should speed up the safe production of new materials and technologies, eliminate backward technologies, equipment and technologies that endanger safety in time, and then enhance the scientific and technological components of tunnel engineering technology in China.

refer to

Liu Jinshan 1. Key points of tunnel engineering construction technology management [J], Railway construction technology, 20 12- 13 (6): 23-29.

Technical Points of Tunnel Engineering Construction 2 Abstract: With the improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, all fields have been well developed, especially after urbanization and the continuous advancement of urbanization, people's living standards have made a greater leap, which is closely related to the optimization of China's infrastructure, and road construction is one of them. With the continuous expansion of road construction scope, the number of bridge and tunnel projects also increases, which is different from ordinary road and bridge projects and more difficult to construct. By consulting the relevant materials, this paper briefly introduces the difficulties in the construction of highways, bridges and tunnels, and puts forward some effective improvement measures.

Keywords: roads and bridges; Tunnel engineering; Difficulties in construction; improvement measures

1, preface

Construction industry is one of several major industries in China, and its development is directly related to China's economic development and social development, and road and bridge engineering is one of its main contents. With the continuous development of engineering construction, there are more and more tunnel projects in China, mainly because of less and less urban space and increasing traffic pressure. In order to improve this problem, our country gradually extends the scope of construction to underground engineering, but the tunnel engineering itself has certain safety risks and is difficult to construct.

2. Difficulties in the construction of roads, bridges and tunnels

2. 1 Pavement layer falls off

Through the study of tunnel engineering, it can be found that in many projects, the pavement will fall off to varying degrees, and once this problem occurs, it will inevitably affect the quality of the project and need to spend more manpower, material resources and funds to remedy it. The reasons for this problem are as follows:

First, the construction does not pay attention to this aspect, ignoring the construction details, and the construction personnel often pay more attention to the appearance quality of the project;

Second, in the process of construction, the operation was not carried out in strict accordance with the construction specifications, and even the construction technology was simplified, resulting in Jerry-building, resulting in problems such as looseness, cracks and falling off.

2.2 Steel bars rust

The amount of steel bars used in tunnel engineering is very large, so there are certain requirements for the performance of steel bars. However, the corrosion problem of steel bars in practical engineering has not been improved for a long time, which leads to the decline of the performance of steel bars in subsequent use, thus affecting the quality of the whole project. This is mainly because the construction unit has always lacked the awareness and behavior of protecting steel bars, such as irregular operation in the process of coating steel bars, or putting uncoated steel bars into use, which makes steel bars vulnerable to external corrosive substances; However, some construction enterprises coated the steel bars in advance, but failed to protect the steel bars during transportation and storage, which led to the collision and impact of the steel bars, and also led to the peeling of the steel bar coating, which seriously affected the functional structure of the steel bars.

2.3 concrete cracks

Concrete has always been an important raw material in construction engineering, and the problem that is easy to appear in this respect is cracks, because:

First, the poor quality of concrete raw materials leads to problems in application;

Second, the construction personnel made mistakes in the process of concrete production, which led to the inconsistency between the concrete strength and the engineering requirements;

Third, the pouring time is not well controlled when pouring concrete;

Fourth, after the completion of pouring, many parts of the concrete are exposed, or water is not replenished in time to cool down, resulting in excessive temperature difference between inside and outside and cracks.

2.4 Waterproofing and drainage problems

Waterproof and drainage construction is professional and comprehensive, which needs to be carried out according to the actual situation of the project, especially the selection of materials. At present, polymer waterproofing membrane is widely used in many waterproof and drainage systems in China. After the materials are selected, drainage pipes are laid along the tunnel wall ring, longitudinally and transversely, so as to discharge water into the longitudinal drainage pipe. However, due to the complexity of the construction environment and the quality of materials, the quality of waterproof and drainage construction is not satisfactory.

3, roads, bridges and tunnels construction improvement measures

3. 1 Do a good job in landslide prevention and control.

In view of the particularity of tunnel engineering environment, it is possible to cause collapse accidents during construction, and to avoid or reduce this situation, it is necessary to do a good job in the preliminary work, such as fully grasping and analyzing the geological conditions of the construction area and doing a good job in hydrological forecasting in advance; In the construction of unstable rock strata, protective supports should be prepared in advance, and the operators should be evacuated immediately if any abnormality is found; In addition, tunnel engineering often needs blasting, which is more prone to safety problems and even landslides. The dosage should be strictly controlled to reduce the disturbance to surrounding rock.

3.2 to do a good job of steel rust prevention.

In terms of reinforcement, coating should be done well. Before formal painting, the relevant personnel should clean the steel bar to avoid impurities on the surface of the steel bar and make good preparations for painting. Painting should be carried out in strict accordance with the construction specifications, and post-curing should be carried out after painting. Protective measures should also be taken during the transportation and storage of steel bars to prevent the coating of steel bars from falling off at this stage.

3.3 to do a good job of crack prevention

After weighing the pros and cons, the best way to solve the crack problem is to prevent it, because even after the crack occurs, it is difficult to return to the normal functional state, which is time-consuming and laborious. Specific preventive measures are as follows:

First, do a good job in material quality control in the process of raw material procurement and raw material entry, and deal with it immediately if it is found to be inconsistent with the application specifications;

Second, pay attention to the pouring link and later maintenance work, such as adjusting the pouring time reasonably according to the engineering requirements and specific conditions;

Third, when vibrating, vibrate evenly and increase the vibrating intensity appropriately;

Fourth, control the temperature difference between inside and outside the concrete.

3.4 to do a good job of water supply and drainage of tunnel engineering.

This work can often start from the following aspects:

First, control the quality of raw materials. At present, there are many pipes that meet the construction requirements in the market, but not all pipes are suitable for tunnel engineering, and the quality is uneven. In order to avoid related problems caused by the quality of raw materials, qualified construction teams should try to choose brand merchants for cooperation, or give priority to materials with strong construction damage resistance and good aging resistance;

Second, optimize the installation process. The installation art in China has also improved in recent years, and the installation methods in this respect are usually welding and bonding. These two methods can effectively reduce cracks and gaps, ensure that the strength of the joint is greater than that of homogeneous materials during installation, and avoid bubbles.

4. Summary

To sum up, it is of great significance to study the difficulties and improvement measures in the construction of road and bridge tunnels, because it is directly related to the quality, social development and economic development of road and bridge tunnels. How to better improve the construction quality has also become a key issue. In recent years, China has continuously increased the support of funds, technology and talents in this field, with little effect. However, with the increasing complexity of the project, new problems and difficulties have emerged in the project construction, and relevant institutions and personnel should strengthen research in this area.

References:

1, lai, on safety monitoring technology evaluation of highway engineering bridge and tunnel construction [J], Communication World, 20 14 (24): 228-229.

2. Zhao Zhiqin, Problems and Improvement Measures of Prestressing in Road and Bridge Construction [J], Science and Technology Innovation Guide, 20 15 (18): 80.

3, Li Bo, road and bridge transition construction quality control strategy [J], Science and Technology Outlook, 20 16 (1): 40.

4. Feng Ruoqian, Talking about the Importance of Technical Management in Tunnel Construction [J], Science and Technology and Enterprise, 20 14: 09: 63

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