Mao Zedong Thought is rich in content. In the following main aspects, Mao Zedong Thought enriched and developed Marxism-Leninism with his unique theory.
First, about the new-democratic revolution. Starting from the historical and social conditions of modern China, Mao Zedong studied the characteristics and laws of the China revolution, developed Marxism–Leninism's thought on proletarian leadership in the democratic revolution, and founded a new democratic revolution theory led by the proletariat, based on the alliance of workers and peasants, and opposed imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism.
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong
. Representative works in this field include: Social Class Analysis of China, Investigation Report of Hunan Peasant Movement, A single spark can start a prairie fire, On New Democracy, On Coalition Government, etc. The basic points are as follows: First, correctly understand all social classes in China, especially the bourgeoisie. He pointed out that the bourgeoisie in China consists of two parts: the big bourgeoisie attached to imperialism and the national bourgeoisie with both revolutionary requirements and vacillation. The United front led by the proletariat should strive for the participation of the national bourgeoisie, including a part of the big bourgeoisie under special conditions, so as to isolate the main enemy to the maximum extent. The second is to correctly understand the main forms of China revolution. He pointed out that since there was no bourgeois democracy in China, the reactionary ruling class resorted to dictatorship and terror against the people by armed forces, and the revolution could only take the form of long-term armed struggle. China's armed struggle is a revolutionary war led by the proletariat with farmers as the main body. Through the establishment of rural base areas, we will carry out long-term revolutionary struggles and develop and strengthen revolutionary forces. Mao Zedong pointed out: "The United front and armed struggle are two basic weapons to defeat the enemy." Together with the Party's self-construction, it has become the three magic weapons of China's revolution. This is the basic basis for China's * * * production party to become the core of the national leadership, create a road of encircling cities from rural areas and finally win the whole country. The theory of new-democratic revolution is the main symbol of Mao Zedong Thought's maturity.
Mao Zedong Thought
Mao Zedong Thought
Second, about the socialist revolution and socialist construction. According to the economic and political conditions for the transition to socialism created by the victory of the new-democratic revolution, the production parties in Mao Zedong and China adopted the policy of socialist industrialization and socialist transformation at the same time, and implemented the specific policy of gradually transforming the private ownership of the means of production, which solved the arduous task of establishing a socialist system in China, a big country with a world population of nearly14 and backward economy and culture, theoretically and practically. Mao Zedong's theory of combining democracy among the people with dictatorship over reactionaries is people's democratic dictatorship, which enriches Marxism-Leninism's theory of proletarian dictatorship. After the establishment of the socialist system, Mao Zedong put forward a series of correct ideas and policies with strategic significance. Including: there are still contradictions in socialist society, the basic contradiction is still the contradiction between production relations and productivity, the contradiction between superstructure and economic base, and we must strictly distinguish and correctly handle the contradictions between ourselves and the enemy and among the people; Politically, we should implement a series of correct policies such as "unity-criticism-unity" among the people, "long-term existence and mutual supervision" in the relationship between the party and the democratic parties, "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend" in scientific and cultural work, and "overall consideration and proper arrangement" in economic work. Instead of mechanically copying foreign experience, we should proceed from the reality that China is a big agricultural country, correctly handle the relationship between heavy industry, agriculture and light industry on the basis of agriculture, pay full attention to agriculture and light industry, and embark on a road of industrialization in China suitable for China's national conditions; Mobilize all positive factors, turn negative factors into positive factors, and unite the strategic thinking of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to build a strong socialist country; Wait a minute. These correct ideas, principles and propositions are of great guiding significance to the later exploration of road construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Third, about the construction and military strategy of the revolutionary army. Mao Zedong systematically solved the problem of how to build a revolutionary army with farmers as the main body into a new army with proletarian nature, strict discipline and close ties with the people. He stipulated that serving the people wholeheartedly is the sole purpose of the people's army, that the party should command the party with guns instead of guns, formulated three major disciplines and eight points for attention, emphasized democracy in politics, economy and military affairs, and implemented the policy of unity between officers and men, unity between the army and the people, and disintegration of the enemy, and put forward and summarized a set of principles and methods for military political work. In his military works, such as Strategic Issues of Revolutionary War in China, Strategic Issues of Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War, and On Protracted War and War and Strategic Issues, Mao Zedong summed up the experience of China's long-term revolutionary war, systematically put forward the idea of building the people's army, and put forward the idea of building rural base areas and launching the people's war with the people's army as the backbone and relying on the broad masses of the people. He formulated a series of people's war strategies and tactics for the revolutionary army, and summed up ten famous military principles in the war of liberation. These are Mao Zedong's outstanding contributions to Marxist-Leninist military theory. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), it put forward the important guiding ideology of strengthening national defense, building modern revolutionary armed forces (including navy, air force and other technical arms) and developing modern national defense technology (including nuclear weapons for self-defense).
Fourth, about policies and strategies. Mao Zedong brilliantly demonstrated the extreme importance of policies and strategies in the revolutionary struggle, pointing out that policies and strategies are the life of the Party, the starting point and destination of all practical actions of revolutionary parties, and the Party's policies must combine principle with flexibility according to the political situation, class relations, actual situation and its changes. He put forward many important policies and strategic ideas in the struggle against the enemy and the United front work. Mao Zedong's thoughts on these policies and strategies are reflected in many of his works, especially in his works such as Strategies in the Current Anti-Japanese United Front, On Policies, Several Important Issues Concerning the Current Party's Policies, Are Imperialism and All Reactionaries Real Tigers, etc.
Fifth, about ideological and political work and cultural work. Mao Zedong thinks: "A certain culture (as ideological culture) is a reflection of the politics and economy of a certain society, and it also has a great influence and role on the politics and economy of a certain society;" The basic viewpoint that economy is the foundation and politics is the concentrated expression of economy has put forward many important ideas with long-term significance. For example, ideological and political work is the lifeline of economic work and all other work, and we must implement the principle of unity of politics and economy, unity of politics and technology, and specialization; With regard to the development of national, scientific and popular culture, the policy of letting a hundred flowers blossom, a hundred schools of thought contend, bringing forth the new, making the past serve the present and making foreign things serve China is implemented; Intellectuals play an important role in revolution and construction. Intellectuals should combine with workers and peasants and establish a proletarian world outlook by studying Marxism-Leninism, social and work practice. Many of Mao Zedong's famous ideological and political cultural works, such as Speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art, Commemorating Bethune, Serving the People, and A Mountain of Yugong, are still of great significance.
Sixth, about party building. In a country with a small number of proletarians and strong fighting capacity, farmers and other petty bourgeoisie account for the majority of the population, it is an extremely arduous task to build a Marxist proletarian party with a broad masses. Mao Zedong's theory of party building successfully solved this problem. Mao Zedong paid special attention to ideological Party building, and proposed that party member should join the Party not only organizationally, but also ideologically, and always pay attention to transforming and overcoming all kinds of non-proletarian thoughts with proletarian thoughts. He pointed out that the style of integrating theory with practice, keeping close contact with the people and carrying out self-criticism is a remarkable sign that China's * * * production party is different from any other political party. He put forward the correct policy of "learning lessons and saving lives" in view of the "Left" mistakes of "cruel struggle and ruthless attack" in the inner-party struggle in history, and also created a rectification form of Marxism-Leninism ideological education through criticism and self-criticism in the whole party. On the eve of and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, in view of the fact that our Party has become the party leading the national political power, Mao Zedong repeatedly suggested that comrades should continue to be modest and prudent, guard against arrogance and rashness, work hard, be alert to the erosion of bourgeois ideology, and oppose bureaucracy divorced from the masses. These important thoughts have enriched the Marxist theory of party building and pointed out the correct direction for the construction of China's * * * production party.