Adjectives are usually used before nouns, while participles can be placed before or after nouns.

For example:

-красивыйдом (beautiful house)-adjective.

-дом, красивоукрашенный.

Adjectives have only one form, while participles vary according to sex, number and case.

For example:

-большойстол (big table)-adjective.

-большиестолы (big table)-adjective.

-накрытйнаобдстол (table for lunch)

It is also important to distinguish between the two when analyzing actions. Adjectives describe the characteristics of things; The dynamic participle of past tense or present continuous tense indicates that the action is taking place or has been completed.

For example:

-замерзшаярека (frozen river)-past tense dynamic participle.

-плавающийлебед11000 (swan swimming)-The present continuous.

In short, in Russian, both participles and adjectives are used to describe nouns, but there are some subtle differences between them.