Li Bai's cultural character and Hanlin's political failure.

Li Bai, a poet, has always regarded the pursuit of political success as his lifelong goal, and Tianbao was first recruited by Xuanzong and appointed as Hanlin, which was the closest experience to political success, but it was also missed. From the autumn of the first year of Tianbao to the spring of the third year of Tianbao, he actually lived in Beijing for only about one and a half years, and was immediately "refunded" and left the political center Chang 'an. As far as Li Bai's life is concerned, the glory of entering Beijing and the loss of leaving Beijing not only constitute an indelible memory of his life, but also greatly change his later fate. For such an experience that came closest to political success but ended in failure, both contemporaries who admired Li Bai and readers who loved Li Bai in later generations showed some sympathy, lamentation and even regret, and explained Li Bai's political failure from different angles. However, if we examine Li Bai's political style in the context of the political culture in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, we will find that Li Bai's political failure is inevitable from the beginning. The political depression of poetic genius living in prosperous times actually highlights a cultural tragedy caused by cultural alienation and conflict (1).

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As far as Li Bai's career path is concerned, it is a well-known fact that Li Bai did not try to enter his career through the imperial examination like ordinary scholars. From the beginning, he had a unique choice, that is, he hoped to stir the heaven with the grace of a strange man and a famous family, and then he became a prime minister directly, even fantasizing about becoming an emperor and a teacher. Judging from Li Bai's behavior before Tianbao, all his activities seem to be centered on cultivating his celebrity reputation.

In the cultural tradition of China literati, "celebrities" appeared as a group and had a great influence on social and political life with their unique personality charm, which began in the late Eastern Han Dynasty (2). When eunuchs and consorts were involved in politics, which caused corruption and darkness in the Eastern Han Dynasty, scholars demonstrated their unique ethics by confronting and criticizing the dark politics, thus winning a wide social reputation and forming a group of celebrities who were persecuted in their personal character but respected and respected. The preface to The History of the Later Han Dynasty: "When Huan and Ling were captured, there was famine and political chaos in the world, and the country's life was entrusted to Yan Temple, and scholars were ashamed of contacts. So, every man is angry, and Chu Shi talks about it. Because of this, he arouses his reputation, blows the other side's problems, rewards officials and judges, and takes power as appropriate. This is a straightforward trend, so he can do it. ..... The wind on the sea, hence * * * flaunt, refers to the world celebrities, for the title. In ancient times, there were eight handsome, eight worried and eight cooks in san huang. Dou Wu, Liu Shu and Fan Chen are the "three kings". Monarch, speak for yourself and live in the world. ,,, Wang Chang, Liu You,,, Zhu? For' eight handsome'. Handsome people speak English. Guo, Zong Ci, Basu, Xia Fu,,, Cai Yan and Yang Yi are the "Eight Masters". Care, words can attract virtuous people. James Zhang, Cen Can, Liu Biao, Sean, Kong Yu, Yuan Kang, Tan Fu and Chao Zhai are the "Eight Summers". And so do those who say they can guide people to pursue sects. The eight chefs are Duchamp, Zhang Miao, Wang Kao, Liu Ru, Hu Muban, Qin Gu, Fan Xiang and Zhang Wang. Chef, you can save people with money. " This is the earliest group of celebrities who are famous for their outstanding spiritual character in the history of China. Until the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, celebrities were still very active in social, political and cultural fields. Although their mental outlook and personality connotation are different due to the changes of the times, they are still respected as political and cultural elites by scholars. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Justin wrote a biography of celebrities at that time. His book has not been circulated today, and the details are unknown. However, Wei Liu's commentary on Shi Shuo said: "Macro took Xiahou Taichu, He Pingshu and Wang Fusi as the first celebrities, Ruan Sizong, Ji Shuye, Shan Juyuan and Wang Fusi. You can get a general understanding of the celebrities at that time. The book Shi Shuo Xin Yu records the words and deeds of celebrities in Wei and Jin dynasties from the end of Han Dynasty to the present. In addition to the characters mentioned by Liu Xiao in Who's Who in Justin, there are other characters who are often praised. The romantic life in Wei and Jin Dynasties enjoyed by later literati was composed of this group of unique celebrities. These celebrities may have different temperament, thoughts, tastes and styles, but the reason why they become celebrities is not complicated, that is, they must be able to transcend secular mediocrity and show their spirit, character or talent, and their frankness, freedom and even birthdays are often their most prominent signs. Because of this, the worship of celebrities even led some people to regard Ren Dan and dissolute as celebrities. " Celebrities are not necessarily wizards. They can also be called celebrities if they have nothing to do, drink and read Li Sao. ""Bi Mao Shi Yun: One is holding a crab claw, and the other is holding a wine glass. It takes a lifetime to shoot in a floating wine pool. "("the world says Ren Xinyu wins "). But on the whole, the personal styles of celebrities in Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties are different. They are brilliant, chic, bold and noble, whatever they are, they all constitute an important factor to win the reputation of scholars and attract the attention of the government and the public.

It is also the Chinese people's understanding of the characteristics of fallen immortals after the title of Li Bai's fallen immortals appeared. But this has a certain distance from the image of fallen immortals before the Tang Dynasty. In other words, due to the appearance of Li Bai, the original concept of fallen immortals was rewritten, adding new connotations. People's knowledge and understanding of it has been divorced from the traditional fairy tale cultural context, and there are more intuitive associations produced by Li Bai.