The first paragraph puts forward the central argument that "a scholar must have a teacher", and then uses "who is not born knowing, who can not be confused?" Demonstrate and point out how to achieve "no expensive, no cheap, no long, no little, the existence of Tao, the existence of teachers"

The second paragraph demonstrates that "a teacher must have a teacher" according to the actual situation, which is the focus of this paper, that is, the part of analyzing problems in what we usually call argumentative essays.

The third paragraph is a concrete demonstration of the last sentence of the first paragraph, demonstrating the standard of learning from teachers, which is what we call the problem-solving part of argumentative writing.

The last paragraph introduces the reasons for writing.

Explanation:

An argumentative essay written by Han Yu, a writer in Tang Dynasty. Explain the truth of learning from teachers, satirize the world where teachers are ashamed, educate young people, and play a role in changing the atmosphere.

Although the article also positively discusses the role of teachers, the importance of learning from teachers, who will be a teacher and other issues, it focuses on criticizing the bad atmosphere of being ashamed of learning from teachers that was popular among scholar-officials at that time. Judging from the writing intention and main spirit of the article, this is a highly targeted refutation paper.