The increasingly serious psychological problems in primary and secondary schools in China are the most fundamental reason to promote the development of mental health education. Many survey results and data show that the mental health status of primary and secondary school students is worrying. A psychological examination of students from primary school to senior two in Shanghai shows that 27% students have psychological deviations, such as being tired of studying, puppy love, smoking, running away and other bad behaviors. There are four kinds of bad emotions: impulsiveness, jealousy, anxiety and depression. Many students feel inferior, delicate, aggressive and willful. Guangzhou (1994) Guangzhou Hong Kong and Macao Youth Research Institute surveyed more than 1000 middle school students in four districts of Guangzhou. The results show that 53.2% of middle school students have psychological crisis. The survey also shows that the main psychological problems of students in different grades are different. Among them, they come from various schools and study in new schools. The new learning environment, new learning content and other factors have a great influence on the thinking of senior one students. As the saying goes, "everything is difficult at the beginning" and "a good beginning is half the battle", so it can be said that Senior One is another turning point in students' study and life. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the mental health education of junior one students, find problems in time, and make adjustments and guidance. According to the psychological test results of senior one students in the psychological counseling room of a key middle school, the author found that among the 322 students in the whole grade, only 59 were adaptive, accounting for 18.3%, 62 were anxious, accounting for 19.3%, and 20 were between adaptability and anxiety. The situation in some classes is more prominent. There are 54 students in Class A, with anxiety 15, accounting for 27.8%, and adaptability of only 6 students, accounting for11%. There are 53 people in Class B who took part in the test. Among them, anxiety type 17 people, accounting for 32. 1%, and adaptive type only 4 people, accounting for only 7.5%. In fact, at the beginning of school, a female student in Class A suddenly fainted in the classroom, foaming at the mouth and cramping her hands and feet. After understanding, she realized that the student didn't adapt to the new environment, couldn't sleep well at night, and was too nervous to induce old diseases. However, after the mid-term exam in the first semester of Senior One, a boy in Class B deliberately took the books and stationery from his deskmate, and the class teacher patiently educated him (he admitted that it was because he was jealous that his deskmate had better results in the mid-term exam than himself. Some people may think that psychological barriers are only a part of poor students, which is one-sided. In fact, gifted students also have this kind of crisis, and psychological barriers often occur, but the types, manifestations or degrees are different. Once eugenics have serious psychological barriers, they will be more complicated and difficult to eliminate, which will have a greater adverse impact on themselves and society. "Health News" once reported that a student named Bruce Lee, who is 1 15 years old, is studious and enterprising, and has been rated as a "three good" student in primary school and junior high school for many times. However, due to psychological defects such as stubbornness, loneliness and aggressiveness, after entering high school, he was stimulated by several strong spirits, burst into laughter because of boredom and was sent to a mental hospital. It can be seen that there is also a crisis of psychological obstacles in eugenics. Especially the freshmen in key middle schools, from primary school to junior high school, have always been the best in the class. After entering senior high school, most students have high self-evaluation, fierce competition in study and high expectations of their parents, which further aggravates their psychological conflicts. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to attach importance to the psychological problems of senior one students in key middle schools and provide standardized, systematic and practical psychological counseling among students.
Second, the performance of middle school students' learning psychological barriers
According to the mental health standards defined by scholars at home and abroad, combined with the reality of middle school students in China, it is proposed that the mental health characteristics of middle school students are: (1) The psychological characteristics are consistent with the age. (2) Be able to know yourself correctly and accept yourself. (3) Willing to learn. (4) Be good at getting along with others. (5) Be good at self-regulation. (6) Happiness and stability. Generally speaking, students with mental health can treat reality objectively, have a stable and optimistic mood, treat success and setbacks correctly, be willing to learn, give full play to their wisdom and ability in their studies, and strive for greater achievements. Case: In the first year of junior high school, Jamlom ranked 49th in the class. However, she did not lose heart after entering the school, but was full of enthusiasm for the collective work of the class. She was cheerful and generous, and soon she was loved by her classmates. The students recommended her as the class labor committee member. She is even more active, responsible and hardworking. In the final exam of senior three, her grade was improved to 20, and she won the learning progress award and was rated as an excellent class cadre.
The middle school students with unhealthy psychology are in a diversified state, or arrogant, depressed and disappointed, self-destructive, emotionally unstable, fluctuating, and out of harmony with the surrounding environment, which poses a threat to their healthy growth and has a very adverse impact on the stability of the school and even the social order. Generally speaking, the abnormal psychology of junior one students in key middle schools mainly has the following manifestations:
1. Arrogance. Excellent students often feel superior and are the masters of the people around them. Therefore, they have a strong desire to manipulate and dominate. If other people's behavior is slightly unsatisfactory, they should interfere. Even if they are wrong, they will not be persuaded to continue to do it, and they will show different attitudes and expressions everywhere. Case A: Kobayashi is the best in his class from elementary school to junior high school and is often praised by his teachers. However, he did badly in the senior high school entrance examination, and failed to enter the scheduled school, but entered another key middle school. After entering school, he showed a sense of superiority. He often speaks in self-study classes, refuses to attend classes because he doesn't like the subjects he attends, refuses to accept the kind criticism from teachers and classmates, and even thinks that teachers and classmates deliberately target him.
2. anxiety. Most of the students who enter key middle schools are top students from various schools. They are not only excellent in academic performance, but also class cadres such as squad leaders and league branch secretaries. However, after entering key high schools, top students gathered, and most students lost their advantages in primary or junior high schools. There are many subjects in senior one, which is difficult. Curriculum learning needs students' thinking ability. Some students have changed from top students in the eyes of former classmates to average students or even underachievers. If you can't adapt to this change, your psychological self-adjustment ability is poor, which will often cause inner tension, anxiety and fear, which will lead to students' anxiety. Case B: Xiao Ou's grade in senior one ranks first in the class, but good grades in junior high school do not mean that high school is good. Because Xiaoou High School didn't adapt, the mid-term exam ranked first among more than 20 students in his class. Parents feel puzzled and ask the class teacher to do work for Xiaoou many times. Xiao Ou felt a lot of pressure, depressed all day, and showed anxiety in psychological tests.
3. Lost psychology. Once excellent students lose their dominant position, they will doubt whether they are "excellent" or not, and become distressed, inferior, depressed or self-destructive, and muddle along; Or dissatisfaction, resistance, or even violation of school rules or pranks to attract attention, in order to achieve psychological balance. Case C: Although Xiao He didn't rank first and second in the class in junior high school, he was a quiet and obedient good student in the eyes of teachers and classmates. He was admitted to a key middle school with a score of 4 points higher than the admission score, but this score is only the middle and lower level in his class. Coupled with the unsatisfactory test results before, Xiao He felt that he had no position in the eyes of the teacher. In order to attract the attention of teachers and classmates, Xiao He suddenly became "active". As long as the teacher says a word or two in class, Xiao He will "cut in" loudly, which often causes students to burst into laughter. The teacher was helpless and criticized Xiao He, but Xiao He was secretly happy.
4. rebellious psychology. This kind of psychology is not uncommon among middle school students, which is manifested in trying to get rid of dependence and blind obedience on adults, and even going its own way. You advised him to do this, and he did it, and he often resisted the advice of his teachers and parents, and even argued irrationally and sang the opposite. Such students are prone to deviant behavior. Case D: Xiao Zhang didn't reach the admission score of key middle schools, but his parents spent tens of thousands of yuan to make Xiao Zhang become a student of key middle schools. Unfortunately, after entering the school, Xiao Zhang failed to understand his parents' painstaking efforts, remained playful, ignored his studies, and his grades got worse and worse. His parents were very angry and disciplined him severely, but the severity of their parents aroused Xiao Zhang's rebellious mentality and began the next day after quarreling with his parents.
5. jealousy. Jealousy is mainly due to lack of confidence and narrow-mindedness. After entering key high schools, students with different psychological qualities show obvious differences in the face of changes brought about by new teachers, new learning content and new class groups. Some students may continue to maintain their advantages and even learn better, while some students have lost their former glory. At this time, students who lack self-confidence and narrow-minded will be jealous of their strong classmates because of various competition setbacks, deliberately making trouble and trying to make others feel uncomfortable! Case E: Xiao Chen's family is very poor, so she studied hard since she was a child, hoping to jump out of the farm and get rid of the poor living environment one day. After graduating from junior high school, she was admitted to a key middle school and became the envy of the villagers at that time. However, after entering a key middle school, her academic performance continued to decline. After several efforts, there was no obvious effect, and Xiao Chen was disappointed. She watched the progress of her roommate Xiao Wang, and it was difficult to calm down. So from the next semester of senior one, before the weekly exam, Chen Xiao was "sick" and sometimes "unconscious", which forced her good friend Xiao Wang to put down her books and spend the time she should have been studying with her on seeing a doctor, cooking, cooking and washing clothes. Xiao Wang's exam results were naturally greatly affected, but Xiao Chen was very happy.
6. Follow the crowd. Conformity means having no opinions and principles and taking the likes and dislikes of others as the code of conduct. Senior one students come to a new environment without good friends. They are eager to make new friends and establish new friendships, especially those who live in it. When they leave home for the first time and live alone, their parents' care and supervision are relatively reduced, which will inevitably lead to loneliness and anxiety. They prefer to integrate into new groups as soon as possible. In order to avoid being pushed out by other students, they sometimes follow the crowd knowing that they are wrong. Therefore, the herd mentality is particularly prominent among the students living on campus. Case F: Xiao Feng comes from a rural family whose parents are farmers, and the family economy is not rich. After entering a key high school, twelve students live in the same dormitory. One day, Xiaofeng's mother went to the monitor to report that Xiaofeng often went to the game room in recent weekends, and his parents criticized him when they found out. However, Xiaofeng explained that it would be embarrassing not to know that classmates in the dormitory would play video games. Other students told him not to go to the computer room and asked his parents to buy him a computer. However, the parents' persuasion was ineffective, so they asked the teacher to come forward to do educational work.
7. Relax. Students admitted to key middle schools work hard in junior high school, especially in senior three. The belief of being admitted to key middle schools and parents' expectations urge them to go all out in senior three. When they finally got their wish to enter senior one, some students relaxed and lost their fighting spirit in the past. These students think that if they are admitted to a key middle school, they will definitely go to college. They need not be too nervous in their first year of high school. They might as well relax first. Some students' changes will surprise teachers. Case G: Xiao He was a math representative in his class in the third grade. He studied hard, took the initiative and made continuous progress in his grades. The senior high school entrance examination was admitted to a key middle school with a score of 746 (out of a total score of 800), of which 14 1 point (out of a total score of 150). However, after he was promoted to senior one, his energy mainly focused on playing ball games and other recreational activities. His grades dropped from the top of his class at the time of admission to more than 30. The former class teacher talked to him, and he seemed very cold. He thought he would be happy after just one year's hard work. The first year of high school is still far from the college entrance examination. Don't be too hasty. In senior three, he will naturally work hard.
8。 Puppy love psychology. When teenagers enter adolescence, their awareness of the relationship between men and women is enhanced, which makes the fire of middle school students' heterosexual communication brighter and brighter. It is a normal phenomenon for teenagers to have love in love. However, the correct outlook on life, learning and the education of parents and teachers enable most middle school students to learn to control their emotions and not fall in love with puppy love prematurely. However, the heavy study tasks and the pressure from exams and families make some students with low self-control ability emotionally unstable. If parents don't care and guide them during this period, a strong sense of loneliness and loss will prompt such students to find new emotional sustenance, especially the friendship of their peers, so as to gain emotional support and understanding and form a sense of security. Case H: Xiao Jia grew up in a wealthy family, but his parents were busy with work all day and had little time to accompany him. In the third grade, I fell in love with Xiaohua in the second grade, and my grades naturally plummeted. When he graduated from junior high school, his father tried his best to get him admitted to a key middle school, but the pressure of high school was even greater. Xiao Jia is too absorbed in "dating" to listen to the criticism of his parents and teachers. Later, Xiaohua also studied in the same school. With the growth of age and thoughts, Xiaohua gradually realized the harm of "puppy love" under the guidance of her teacher and wanted to break up with Jony J. However, Jony J couldn't extricate herself and kept pestering Xiaohua. In order not to mistake others for himself, Jony J's father had to let him go abroad.
standard of living
In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, the continuous improvement of people's living standards, and the emergence of one-child families, the bad consumption of middle school students is expanding day by day, and some even reach the point of jaw-dropping.
For middle school students, Li Ning's coat, converse's shoes, Nike's schoolbag and Sony's MP3…… are all famous brands. There are also many students who spend a lot of money on "eating, drinking and having fun", surfing the Internet in Internet cafes and playing games. At present, the number of students with mobile phones is also increasing. ...
Through investigation and analysis, I think the main reasons for these phenomena are as follows:
1. Affected by the social environment: With the rapid development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the economic situation of most families has improved significantly, so people's consumption level has also gradually improved. Brand-name stores have mushroomed in Longyan, and many students have followed the trend. Some people in society regard consumption level as a measure of personal dignity and status, and teenagers have strong curiosity and imitation ability. All kinds of deformed consumer culture subtly influence and corrode teenagers.
Second, influenced by the family environment: nowadays, families are mostly only children, and parents regard their children as the apple of their eyes and overindulge them. Children often have to get wind and rain, and they never know how to be frugal. Moreover, many parents think that now that living conditions are good, it doesn't matter to give their children pocket money, which also helps to cultivate their financial management ability; Some parents think that giving pocket money can help their children not feel inferior in front of classmates, so they naturally neglect to control their pocket money, but they often ignore that too much pocket money may breed children's bad living habits, and coupled with the lack of guidance, many children cannot use pocket money correctly.
Third, middle school students' own consumption concept is immature, and it is easy to follow the crowd, compare with others and differ. In order to show off in front of classmates, some students should talk about famous brands in food, clothing and use; There are still many students who think that "I want everything others have". Under the influence of this herd mentality, the unreasonable use of pocket money and disorderly consumption are more serious.
Fourthly, influenced by school education, many schools now unilaterally pursue the enrollment rate and attach importance to the cultivation of students' "intelligence", but ignore the education of "morality, physique and beauty" and the cultivation of students' ideological and moral character and life ability, especially the cultivation of consumption ability and survival ability. Although the spirit of diligence and thrift is also advocated, the content is not novel enough, the educational methods are too old and can't keep up with the times, which often fails to achieve good educational results among students.
The phenomenon of high school students' indiscriminate consumption has brought many adverse effects to their healthy growth, which are embodied in the following aspects:
First of all, it does great harm to students' physical and mental health. Many students have pocket money, not for serious things, but for playing games in internet cafes, watching some bad books, videos and so on. Many students are addicted to the internet and play games all night, which not only ignores their studies, but also leads to mental disorders. Now eating snacks has become the main part of students' consumption, especially junior high school students. Once they have money, they will buy their favorite snacks without restraint. According to the survey, the first purpose of middle school students' pocket money in Longyan City is to "buy snacks". There are many snack bars selling snacks and drinks in front of the school gates of some schools, and there are also many stalls selling cheap goods around them. Many snacks do not meet the hygiene standards and are often "three noes" products, which not only wastes money, but also harms health.
Secondly, it will gradually develop bad living habits. Many students think they have plenty of money, but they don't know how to cherish many things and form the habit of wasting. For example, a hearty lunch was "recycled" intact because it had no appetite; A bite of breakfast bread was generously left to the "trash can" and so on. If someone "cares", they will casually say, "I spent my own money anyway." But he didn't realize how much blood and sweat his parents had accumulated with the money he carelessly spent.
Thirdly, it will increase the financial burden of parents and lead to tension between parents and children. Middle school students are immature and have poor ability to distinguish right from wrong. Seeing that other students have so much money, they also ask their parents for it. However, not all parents are rich, and some families have low incomes, but in order to satisfy their children, they have to scrimp and save some money. If parents can't meet their children's requirements, it is easy to make the relationship between the two generations tense.
Fourth, and the most serious, it may lead to crime. The so-called "from thrift to luxury, from luxury to thrift." The living conditions of a family cannot remain the same. If you are used to living a luxurious life now, you will form a wrong view of money and think that "money is everything" Once the family conditions change and can't face the reality, it is possible to embark on the criminal road of theft, robbery and even murder. Moreover, it is easy for students to compare with each other, which leads to psychological imbalance among students. Nowadays, it has become a common phenomenon for middle school students to treat and give gifts on their birthdays, ranging from tens to hundreds of yuan, and the cost of treating them ranges from tens to hundreds or even thousands of yuan. Now, anyone who doesn't have pocket money is always envious when he looks at his companions who often buy this and that: a good classmate invited you today, but you can't invite others back because you have no money, which is very embarrassing. Dealing with this kind of envy and embarrassment is luck. If it is not handled well, the consequences will be unimaginable. The Ma Jiajue incident is a good example.
So how can middle school students develop a correct view of consumption? This is a question worth pondering. Money is a double-edged sword. Bad use will hurt people. On the issue of guiding children to establish a correct concept of consumption, I make the following suggestions:
First, we should cultivate children's concept of loving labor. Parents can use pocket money as a reward when dealing with pocket money. For example, children who have done some housework and made some progress in their studies can be rewarded with a certain amount of pocket money as agreed in advance. Not only let children form the most glorious concept of labor, but also control the amount of their pocket money.
Second, schools should give full play to the role of ideological and political courses and mental health courses, and consciously cultivate students' financial awareness and self-control ability.
Third, parents can't give their children anything they want, and they can't let go easily in control. When a child does something wrong, he should be given due criticism and education, so that he can fully realize the harm of spending money indiscriminately and help him develop good living habits from an early age.
Fourth, we should cultivate children's reasonable consumption concept. Spending money is also a profound knowledge, just like learning to swim must go into the water in person. In life, parents can teach their children how to manage their money through some practical examples, help them learn to spend scientifically and reasonably, and at the same time strengthen the education of diligence and thrift: for example, when buying clothes, shoes and hats, they should learn to buy cheap goods and understand that money is hard to come by, so as to gradually establish a scientific consumption concept.
Fifth, the relevant government departments should strengthen the inspection and management of all Internet cafes and create a good consumption environment conducive to the healthy growth of students.
Reasonable arrangement of consumption is an unavoidable problem for every family. How to treat "money" is an important pillar of moral construction in life. Children's attitude towards consumption directly affects the formation of their moral quality in adulthood, so it is necessary to cultivate children to gradually establish a correct view of consumption. In short, the consumption of middle school students can not be ignored!
Half-handed combat is very tiring