Keywords: clinical medical papers
2 1 century has brought mankind into an era of rapid development. At the same time, China has made an unprecedented breakthrough in the medical field. Under the new environment, the traditional medical teaching mode can no longer satisfy students' thirst for knowledge, and new teaching methods are constantly emerging, such as massive open online courses, micro-courses, PBL, TBL, etc., which add gorgeous colors to modern clinical medical teaching. However, any good teaching method has its limitations, it is impossible to cover everything, and there are corresponding applicable objects. Only when used correctly can we give full play to the role of various methods and achieve the best teaching effect. This paper discusses how to make full use of strengths and avoid weaknesses in modern clinical teaching, correctly use various teaching methods and improve the quality of clinical medical teaching as follows:
1 background of clinical teaching methods in China
The purpose of traditional medicine is mainly the biological model, that is, treating people as patients and sick organisms. The main duty of a doctor is to save lives and treat various diseases. The author thinks that this not only affects the relationship between doctors and patients, but also restricts students' innovative thinking. In the modern clinical medicine teaching mode, it is developing towards the humanization direction of "biology-psychology-society". In order to achieve this breakthrough, medical students should not only learn medical scientific knowledge, but also integrate humanistic knowledge, strengthen the training of scientific thinking, and improve the ability of comprehensive analysis and handling problems. In the era of rapid development of science and technology and information explosion, it is necessary to constantly explore new teaching methods, so that students can get the greatest gains in a limited time.
2 modern clinical teaching methods and advantages and disadvantages analysis
China is an ancient civilization with a long history of traditional Chinese medicine. The early Hua Tuo and Compendium of Materia Medica are universally recognized. With the rapid improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, education has become particularly important in the eyes of Chinese people, and medical education is also undergoing major changes to meet the requirements of the times. The traditional cramming teaching method requires teachers to teach and students to listen. This teaching method of "teaching while listening" seriously limits students' thinking ability and imagination space. Nowadays, PBL, TBL, massive open network courses, micro-courses and other teaching methods have appeared in the field of clinical teaching, which have injected new vitality into the teaching methods of clinical medicine in China and greatly expanded students' new horizons and thinking.
2. 1 PBL problem-based learning
Problem-based learning (PBL) is a truly student-centered and student-centered modern teaching model. 1969, Barrows, an American professor of neurology, formally introduced PBL teaching mode into the medical field. So what is PBL? PBL is a complete set of methods to design learning situations. It is student-centered and problem-oriented. Under the new model, students will be the protagonists, while teachers will play the roles of audience, extras, supporting roles, directors and even assistant directors. Then, compared with the traditional teaching mode, what are the outstanding points? In PBL teaching mode, medical students learn independently with questions through multimedia information technology, or discuss related medical problems in the form of group discussion. During this period, students can freely use their imagination and make bold guesses and questions about the problems. There is no hierarchy among students here, and everyone is the protagonist in the class. I think some people will question what a teacher does at this time. What are the advantages and disadvantages of PBL? The author thinks that its greatest advantage is that students can actively acquire knowledge through practical and complicated tasks. In this process, students are the real discoverers of knowledge, while teachers are the guides and participants of students. Everything has advantages and disadvantages. Learning and discovering knowledge through active inquiry is a major feature of PBL teaching, but if it is not done well, it will become a major defect in its teaching mode. If students can't explore knowledge well, or the courses they attend are not directly related to the knowledge they have learned, the teaching quality will be greatly affected, so the requirements for teachers will be more demanding. Teachers are not only very familiar with what they teach, but also require teachers to be flexible and use what they have learned. According to the survey, PBL has made great contributions to medical clinical teaching and other fields. Through on-site clinical knowledge learning, students can contact patients more directly, which greatly expands students' innovation ability and imagination ability.
2.2 TBL team teaching
TBL(teambasedlelearning) is an independent modern teaching mode, which is based on team, advocates preview and test before class, and is guided by teachers. The biggest feature of this brand-new teaching mode is team-based. With certain resources, students can choose to preview independently before class or in a certain group, so that students can understand and discuss what they have learned before class. In the classroom, students can find out whether it is consistent with what they know through the teacher's specific talk or active discussion and research in the form of groups. TBL transforms the traditional cramming teaching into a process of acquiring and using knowledge through pre-class preparation and group discussion. TBL can greatly arouse students' enthusiasm and participation, and strengthen the importance of the whole team. At present, TBL has been implemented in most areas of China and achieved good results. What are the advantages and disadvantages of TBL? The author believes that TBL can highly mobilize students' learning enthusiasm, expand students' thinking space through team discussion with teachers and students, and arrange clinical students to study on the spot through teachers, which is incomparable to traditional teaching mode. In TBL, teachers let several teams compete by assigning tasks, which can not only arouse students' enthusiasm, but also increase medical students' thirst for medical knowledge. As for the shortcomings, according to the survey, this teaching model was not initially implemented in the domestic clinical medicine field, because long-term passive learning led to students' mindset and laziness, and TBL required students to have certain perseverance. According to the data, some students can't finish their daily tasks, which leads to great setbacks and failures.
2.3 massive open online courses, micro-courses
Recently, large-scale open online courses, micro-courses and flip courses have become popular in clinical medicine all over the country. Why is this medical teaching mode so popular? It turns out that these brand-new medical teaching models can take classes anytime and anywhere by using Internet technology. In 2008. Canadians George, Siemens and others first put forward the concept of massive open online courses. Massive open online course means that experts upload a large number of learning materials to the Internet, and students can review what they have learned during the break, or some questions they don't understand can be searched online. Massive open online courses have the following advantages: 1) Students can use ten minutes between classes to look up knowledge they don't know online, for example, they can play it on their mobile phones or choose to play it slowly until they understand it. 2) Wide sources, massive open online courses adopt Internet technology, which can obtain a large number of valuable resources anytime and anywhere, including those not involved by many teachers, which can be found in massive open online courses. 3) Using the curiosity of modern students, clinical medical students can watch clinical videos online with their mobile phones. Disadvantages of massive open online courses: 1) Because massive open online courses are more attractive, the classroom atmosphere may be less active and rely too much on massive open online courses. 2) Massive open online courses cannot present wonderful discussions in traditional classrooms. In contrast, the significance of micro-courses is somewhat the same as that of massive open online courses. In my opinion, micro-lessons are more like advertisements. A micro-lesson lasts only 5 to 8 minutes. In such a short time, the teacher emphasized the key content of a class in a few minutes. His advantage is that he can strengthen students' memory ability and make courses that are difficult to remember in clinical medicine stand out. Using massive open online courses and micro-courses can arouse students' enthusiasm to a certain extent.
3. Applicable objects and teaching effects of modern clinical teaching methods
Modern teaching methods such as PBL, TBL, massive open network courses and micro-courses are undoubtedly the crystallization of the reform of clinical medical teaching methods. According to the characteristics of these methods, choosing different teaching groups is the premise for teachers to make full use of these methods. PBL is suitable for interdisciplinary learning, which can start with a problem and then integrate various learning fields. For example, when analyzing the risk factors of hypertension, students are required not only to understand the pathological mechanism of hypertension, but also to make a comprehensive analysis from environmental, genetic and psychological aspects. TBL is suitable for complex problem-based learning, which requires teamwork and training of all aspects. For example, for the study of Parkinson's syndrome, the disease is a difficult disease in neurology, and its pathological changes are more complicated. Therefore, students need to work together to find out the pathogenesis, common causes, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the disease before class. For a large number of open online courses and micro-courses, it is more suitable to review and consolidate those small and fragmentary knowledge points. PBL and TBL are becoming more and more popular in clinical medicine teaching. According to the survey, there is no completely independent application of a certain teaching method in modern clinical teaching mode in China, and most of them are the integration of two or more methods. The teaching effect of massive open online courses and micro-courses is also remarkable, which has brought the greatest help to students' grades and practical ability.
4 Measures to improve modern clinical teaching methods
According to the above analysis, we can see that these clinical teaching methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and also have their own teaching objects. Therefore, how to make these teaching methods serve students and teachers better, the author thinks that we should first make clear the scope of application of various methods, then make full use of modern teaching methods such as multimedia and modern information technology, and finally consider that medicine, as a highly operational discipline, should combine various medical teaching methods with clinical practice, which not only consolidates the theory, but also greatly stimulates students' learning motivation.
5 conclusion
In recent years, with the rapid development of medical education in China, modern clinical teaching methods have been gradually adopted. Traditional teaching methods can no longer satisfy students' thirst for medical knowledge. The emergence of new clinical teaching methods such as TBL, PBL, large-scale online open courses and micro-courses has brought many benefits to medical education. Through practice, the effect of modern teaching mode in practical teaching has been highly praised by the medical community. Only by teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, combining traditional teaching with modern teaching methods and learning from each other's strengths can we promote the continuous improvement of medical teaching quality and meet the social requirements for medical talents.