First, copy
There are two main requirements for copying: first, the copying of words should be clear, neat and standardized. Clarity mainly refers to clear handwriting; Neat mainly means that the spacing between lines and words should be neat; Standardization mainly refers to the standardization of writing, and simplified characters that are not approved by the state are not allowed. Second, we should be disciplined and handle some technical problems well. These technical problems mainly include:
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1. Copy the title correctly.
The title of the paper is like a person's hat. People should pay attention to "dressing neatly" when dressing, and also pay attention to "dressing neatly" when copying articles, and arrange the titles well.
The title should be written in the center of the top of the manuscript, and the spaces on both sides should be even.
If the title is long and needs to be returned, it should also be arranged in the middle.
If there is a subtitle, the dash should be indented two spaces from the subject and copied in a slightly smaller font.
2. Correct signature.
When copying, the signature should be placed under the title, accounting for one line; If it is separated from the title, the following text should also be separated from it. The signature should be centered on the line corresponding to the title. The name is two words, and there should be spaces in it. Signing means that you are responsible for your work, serious and responsible, and cherish the fruits of your efforts. When published, it is also for the convenience of others to contact and discuss. The signature should not be placed at the end of the article. Don't use aliases and pen names for your graduation thesis. If it is a scientific research achievement completed by many people, the order of names should be arranged according to the workload. If the workload is equal, the signatures can be arranged in the order of fewer strokes.
3. Use punctuation correctly.
When using punctuation, we should pay attention to the following three points:
( 1),、; ! ? “’”gt； Punctuations such as ") cannot be placed in the first box at the beginning of a line, but should be moved to the last box of the previous line when copying.
(2)" & lt； Punctuation marks (etc. ) cannot point to the last cell of a row. When copying, you should move it to the left by one cell or to the beginning of the next line. For example: "Amend the bankruptcy law according to the requirements of the socialist market economic system. "(wrong)
"Amend the Bankruptcy Law according to the requirements of the socialist market economic system." (Right)
(3)-and. ..... to occupy two squares, you can't split them in half at the end of one line and the beginning of the next.
4. Page number.
Every manuscript with more than one page must be numbered first. Page numbers are written in Arabic numerals in the upper right corner or lower right corner next to the border. If it is printed letterhead or letterhead, it can also be marked in the corner, middle or lower right corner near the border.
5. Text.
Each word in the text takes up one space, and punctuation marks also take up one space. Leave two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph. If the article is divided into several parts, there is no subtitle and sequence code, in order to be eye-catching, a blank line can be left between the parts; Use subheadings or sequence codes. If the subtitle or sequence code cannot be added to the end of the full text, you can also leave a blank line.
6. Standardization of writing time and numbers.
Seven units, including 1987 1 State Language Committee, issued the Trial Provisions on the Use of Numbers in Publications, demanding the uniform use of Arabic numerals. The general principle is: "whatever is usable and decent should use Arabic numerals." In case of special circumstances, we can be flexible, but we must strive to maintain relative unity. The Measures for Handling Official Documents of State Administrative Organs issued by the State Council General Office 1987 in February stipulates: "The figures in official documents are generally written in Chinese characters except Arabic numerals such as document numbers, statistical tables, schedules, serial numbers, percentages and special terms. In the same document, the use of numbers should be consistent. "The above provisions on the use of numbers also apply to graduation thesis.
(1) The century, year, month, day and time of the Gregorian calendar shall use Arabic numerals; Arabic numerals were also used during the Republic of China and Japan. The year cannot be abbreviated, for example, 1980 cannot be written as 80 years. Chinese characters are used in China summer calendar and historical years before Qing Dynasty. The year, month and day in official documents are generally written in Chinese characters.
② Counting and measurement (including positive and negative integers, fractions, decimals, percentages, divisors, etc.). ) should be Arabic numerals.
Note: When writing numerical values, the context should be taken into account, rather than a single number appearing in a group of numbers representing scientific measurement and statistical significance, and Chinese characters should be used. For example, one person, three books and six pieces of advice have been read nine times.
For figures with four or more digits, the internationally accepted three-digit segmentation method is adopted, and the segmentation and spaces are half of Arabic numerals. Non-technical professional books can not be partitioned. The section marked ""does not conform to international standards and national standards and should be abolished.
Multiple digits written in Arabic numerals cannot be moved.
Scores in official documents are generally written in Chinese characters.
The version, volume and page number in the citation notes should use Arabic numerals except that the ancient books should be consistent with the version. Such as Marx and segars; Manifesto of the Productive Party, Complete Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 4, People's Publishing House, 1958, 1 Edition, p. 493.
④ Numeric morphemes constitute stereotyped words, phrases, idioms, abbreviations or rhetorical sentences, which are written in Chinese characters. For example, trilobites, Eight-Nation Alliance, the October Revolution, the May 4th Movement and the 25,000-mile Long March are all 108,000 miles apart, whether you like it or not.
⑤ Two adjacent numbers (one, two ... nine) are used side by side to represent approximate numbers. They should be written in Chinese characters, and a pause should not be used to separate two numbers. For example, two or three miles, four or five homes, sixty or seventy tons, forty-five years, a pile of seven or eight hundred, nine times out of ten.
⑥ Avoid using ambiguous concept of time. Such as "before last month" and "after next year".
⑦ With regard to the increase or decrease of quantity, we should pay attention to the following concepts: the increase is twice that of the past, that is, it was one in the past and now it is two. Twice as much as in the past, that is, one in the past and two now; It has tripled, that is, it used to be one, but now it has tripled for three, that is, it used to be one, and now it is three. More than 80%, that is, originally 100, actually reached180; It has dropped to 80%, that is, it used to be 100, but now it is only 806, which is 80% lower, that is, it used to be 100, and now it is 20. You can't use the words "by times" or "by several times", only "by a few percent" or "by a few percent".
8. Party congresses, such as the Eighth National Congress and the Fourteenth National Congress, were not cited; The "Cultural Revolution" should be quoted.
7. proofreading.
There are three ways to proofread.
(1) Proofreading method: the original is on the left, and the proof is on the right. Read the manuscript first, then the proof, and check it word by word.
(2) Proofreading method: put the manuscript on the table, fold the upper part of the proof to the back, leave the line to be proofread, and then press it on the manuscript. The line to be proofread is closely arranged with the corresponding characters on the manuscript for proofreading.
(2) Proofreading method: two people collaborate to proofread, one reads the manuscript and the other reads the sample. Punctuation marks, separate, separate, blank lines, and the key points should be read out.
Second, binding
After the graduation thesis is written, it should be bound. The basic requirements of paper binding are:
1. specification. That is, binding in a certain order. The general order is: paper title, author's name, catalogue, content summary, text and references. Finally, add a front cover and a back cover.
2. clean and tidy. That is, the size and format of the manuscript paper should be unified on the same piece of paper and cannot be mixed.
3. It's so beautiful. That is, the design of binding should be as long as possible, and the cover should have a fresh feeling. The binding line should be sewn straight.