Graduation Thesis on Japanese Linguistics —— On the Formation and Development of Japanese Characters from Japanese Classical Literature
The emergence of a style of writing is by no means a simple expression of a sentence or two. No matter what kind of writing, it has gone through a long historical evolution and finally formed. As a collection of human wisdom and experience, literary works are circulated in the form of written records, which can reflect the formation and development of words to some extent. For the study of Japanese characters, the article mainly studies from the perspective of Japanese classical literature.
First, the introduction of Chinese characters and clover pseudonyms
In the 4th century, Chinese characters were introduced into Japan through the Korean Peninsula. In the past, Japan was dominated by oral language, with no writing. The introduction of Chinese characters began with the appearance of articles. It also enables a large number of ancient myths, ballads and legends in Japan to be recorded and preserved. With the introduction of Buddhism, Confucianism and other cultural ideas, it further promoted the prosperity of Japanese culture. After Chinese characters are introduced into Japan, how to be accepted and used is a key point of research.
Historical Records is the first written book in Japan. Around 7 12 AD, the Japanese Emperor ordered Tai 'an Lu Wanyong to record the historical materials recited by Akio Morita in words. This book records the history, myths and legends from the creation to the emperor's era. Later, the Japanese Secretary, which recorded the myth of creation and the history of the emperor's rule, and the records of local customs appeared one after another. The above three works are all recorded in Chinese characters, but there are differences in the functional use of Chinese characters. Variant characters are used in many places, mainly because Japanese people use Japanese-style or blunt expressions when learning Korean. This style is not pure ancient Chinese, so it has become a variant Chinese. The words used in the songs in the book were later called? Ye Wan pen name? This word is not a pseudonym in pure Japanese, but on the basis of completely deviating from the meaning of Chinese characters, Chinese characters are used as phonetic symbols to express the pronunciation of this inherent vocabulary. Is it widely used in Ye Wan Ji? Ye Wan pen name? , for example? Mi An? Show? めめ? (pronounced ame,? Rain? ). It can be seen that ancient Japanese and article study books were mainly written in Chinese, and recorded in Chinese, mainly because Chinese characters were introduced into Japan for a short time, and Japanese native characters had not yet formed. Right? Ye Wan pen name? The application of variant characters reflects the tendency of ancient Japanese to use Chinese characters. When recording historical materials, Chinese records are used, while lyric poems are mostly recorded under pseudonyms. ? Ye Wan pen name? Its application also laid the foundation for the formation of Hiragana and Katakana.
Second, the formation of hiragana.
Hiragana came into being around the 9th century, and calling it a pseudonym also came into being in later generations. Female hand? The main meaning is the words used by women. There are pseudonyms and real names, all in Chinese characters. It can be inferred that there was only one Chinese character used in Japanese characters before pseudonyms appeared, which was used in official records and historical documents. Influenced by the development of Japanese feudal society, men were the main officials of the imperial court, and only a few aristocratic children had the opportunity to learn Chinese characters. Chinese characters were difficult to understand for the obedient at that time, so it was difficult for both people and women to learn and use Chinese characters. Because the family-style private school teaching provides aristocratic women with opportunities to learn. When women with a little knowledge steal Chinese characters, they often simplify the symbols of Chinese characters for the convenience of recording, resulting in scribbling. Female hand? That is later? Hiragana? . The application of hiragana was once rejected by men, but it was favored by literati because of its simple writing.
Third, the formation and development of katakana
Different from hiragana, katakana comes from regular script of Chinese characters, which is simplified by taking out some Chinese characters loaded with sounds, and it appears for the training of reading chinese. Especially after Buddhist scriptures were introduced into Japan, because Buddhist scriptures were written in Chinese characters, Japanese monks and scholars were influenced by different pronunciations when reading Buddhist scriptures. In order to remember the Japanese pronunciation of Chinese characters, the reader added a Chinese character next to the pronounced words. Because the space between words is limited, Chinese characters are replaced by radicals. Formed the original katakana, mainly in the form of phonetic symbols. By the tenth century, katakana had developed into an independent language. Because this kind of writing is mainly used to read Buddhist scriptures, it is very popular with monks. In the 1 1 century, katakana was widely used to record general articles and poems. In classical literature, the first one was adopted? Chinese training and reading? Literary books in style are stories from ancient times to modern times, which appeared in the12nd century, that is, they are marked with small katakana beside Chinese characters, because thousands of stories in the books are based on? Today and past? Where to start? What language do you speak? At the end, it is called "the story of the past and the present". At this point, katakana is not only a phonetic symbol, but also a style of articles, with its fixed semantic existence. The development of hiragana has gone through a long time, and the existing katakana characters were mainly determined during the Meiji period. After World War II, Japan standardized the use of characters, stipulating that the mixed writing of hiragana and Chinese characters is mainly used for ordinary articles, and katakana is used for the expression of onomatopoeia and loanwords. At this point, the usage norms of Japanese characters have been formed.
Four. Concluding remarks
Generally speaking, Japan is considered to be a nation that is good at accepting and absorbing foreign cultures. As for ancient Japan, it is imitating China, a neighboring country with a prosperous culture and a long history. From the ideological trend of literature and art to the political system, from battlements to rice cultivation, ancient Japan accepted countless nutrients from Chinese mainland culture and fully absorbed them, which promoted the prosperity of Japanese culture. As the basis of the development of Japanese characters, Japanese characters have gone through a long development process from variant characters to ten-character kana, hiragana and katakana, and fully reflect the process of Japan's acceptance and absorption of foreign cultures through Japanese classical literature.
The second graduation thesis on Japanese linguistics, A Probe into Hometown Consciousness in Japanese Language and Literature.
Abstract: China and Japan are both neighboring countries, and the two countries have distinct similarities on the basis of culture. In recent years, with China's in-depth analysis and research on Japanese culture and its language, especially the discussion on the mainstream consciousness and social culture in Japanese national language and literature, it has been widely concerned by the theoretical circles. This paper briefly summarizes the historical development process and characteristics of Japanese language and literature, and deeply analyzes the sense of homeland and its characteristics contained in Japanese language and literature combined with typical Japanese social culture and language and literature cases. I hope it can provide some reference for Japanese language and literature research.
Keywords: Japanese; Language and literature; Home consciousness
1. Introduction
Because Japan and China are close neighbors, the two countries have profound cultural development and extensive similarities. Influenced by China's long history and culture, Japanese culture has left many historical and cultural symbols and marks. However, with the changes of the times, the capitalist trend of thought set off by western countries has seriously impacted Japanese culture, and the imprint of western culture is also very obvious. Therefore, Japanese social culture has formed a unique ideology and social culture under the mutual blending and collision of China's historical culture and western modern culture. With the development of economic globalization, language and literature has become a compulsory course for Japanese majors in higher vocational colleges in China. By effectively analyzing the theme, development law and characteristics of Japanese language and literature, we can master the mainstream consciousness and its forms contained in Japanese language and literature, and make our Japanese language and literature system more perfect.
2. Analyze Japanese language and literature and its characteristics.
Judging from the historical development of Japanese language and literature, in ancient times, Japanese language and literature was influenced by China's long history and culture for a long time, leaving a strong historical and cultural atmosphere and distinctive cultural brand in China. After entering the twentieth century, the Japanese nation broke free? Closed to the outside world? The fetters of Japan actively introduced the advanced ideology and culture of the land of hope, which brought great influence to modern Japanese language and literature. The characteristics of Japanese language and literature are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
2. 1 The symbol of language and literature era is more obvious.
The pronunciation and spelling of Chinese are very different from those of Japanese, so Japanese language and literature have distinct and unique signs of the times. For example, in the creation of lyric poetry, in AD, Japanese lyric poetry was mainly composed of 31 syllables, which were expressed in the form of short songs. In the 17th century, Japanese lyric poetry was shortened from 31 syllables to 17 syllables, which made compound sentence more expressive. It can be seen that Japanese language and literature are mainly formed under the constant collision and integration of the new situation and the old cultural forms.
2.2 Language and literature have strong sociality.
From the typical works of early and modern Japanese language and literature, we can find that Japanese language and literature has strong social characteristics, which is the characteristic formed in the historical development process of Japanese language and literature. In particular, modern Japanese language and literature works can fully expose the social situation in Japan in a certain period and fully reflect the national doubts about society and yearning for the future. Because Japanese culture has obvious regional characteristics, its domestic language and literature will also change with the times. In ancient times, Japanese language and literature began to develop towards urbanization. Kyoto, Japan, as a place where Japan's economy, economy and culture are concentrated, is the creative background of many Japanese language and literature works. During the Edo period, samurai were regarded as the newly born aristocrats in Japan, and many of them participated in the creation of Japanese language and literature, which shifted the focus of Japanese language and literature. The classic language and literature works in this period mainly include Selected Works of Ancient and Modern Times and Story of Past and Present, among which Story of Past and Present was created by Ryunosuke Akutagawa. Under the influence of Japanese classical language and literature, historical novels are the theme of creation, and it is a society that people love to see and hear.
2.3 a strong sense of language and literature home.
It can be seen from the development process of traditional culture of Japanese national society that the Japanese state attaches great importance to the family, believing that the family is not only the basis for promoting social development and stability, but also the bond to maintain emotions. Therefore, there is a strong sense of home in many early Japanese language and literature works, especially the lyric poems with the theme of leaving home, which fully shows people's yearning, attachment and yearning for their families. Judging from the modern history of Japan, the Japanese people were severely devastated by the war and their homes were destroyed in the war, so the Japanese language and literature in this period can fully show the Japanese people's deep attachment to their homes. It can be seen that many Japanese language and literature works take homeland as their creative theme, and at the same time give Japanese language and literature distinctive creative characteristics.
3. A brief analysis of the homeland consciousness and its characteristics of Japanese language and literature.
Through the in-depth analysis of Japanese language and literature and its characteristics, we can know that homeland is an indispensable theme in Japanese language and literature creation, and this paper will also analyze and study the sense of homeland in language and literature from its creative theme. The characteristics of Japanese language and literature homeland consciousness are mainly manifested in the following two aspects:
3. 1 Yes? Peace? The symbolic meaning of
From traditional Japanese language and literature to modern Japanese language and literature, many Japanese language writers have shaped their homes into? Peace? A symbol of meaning. ? Peace? It not only symbolizes people's comfortable life, but also symbolizes people's peaceful mind. Judging from the historical development of Japanese language and literature, its development process has not been smooth, since the Japanese state broke free? Closed to the outside world? After the shackles, Japan's unique farming culture has been severely impacted, and the form of Japan's social and economic development has also undergone tremendous changes. The farming social culture passed down from Japan can bring people peace and security. When this sense of peace is destroyed, the Japanese state not only brings war disasters to all countries in the world, but also brings great disasters to the people at home. At this time, the domestic people's yearning for their homeland is increasing day by day, which can be fully reflected in Japanese language and literature works in this period. After World War II, many Japanese language writers' language and literature works still have a strong color of homeland tragedy. Due to the brutal war, many families were separated and many people lost their precious lives. During World War II, many Japanese female writers emerged, such as Duan Liyang Duishima, who fully expressed their grief over the loss of their homes and relatives through delicate descriptions and had new yearning and hope for their homes. The Requiem written by Toru Takemitsu, a famous Japanese composer, depicts people's yearning for the tranquility of home.
3.2 yes? Shrinkage? Consciousness characteristics
? Reduce consciousness? It is a typical feature of Japanese language and literature. In Japan, many language and literature writers like to reduce the big cognition, ideas and events to one family, and express their perception of society and understanding of life in a small range of expressions. Through this way of expression, the social life of Japanese citizens can be mapped out, and the exquisite life that Japanese citizens yearn for, from the living environment to the courtyard layout and food culture, can be perfectly displayed in a reduced situation. Under the brush strokes of Japanese language and literature writers, family can be restored, which contains deep affection and achieves the beautiful life that Japanese people yearn for. However, many Japanese modernist creators pay attention to the description of family courtyard, which is also an indispensable part of modern living culture. From the planning and design of the courtyard to the overall layout, we can focus on the life concept and cultural concept of Japanese nationals. There are many typical Japanese language and literature works? Courtyard? The courtyard furnishings also have profound symbolic significance, which is embodied in the small environment of the courtyard. Are you home? Shrinkage? Consciousness can effectively combine Japanese language and literature with social practice, making language and literature more authentic.
4. Conclusion
As an important feature of Japanese language and literature creation, homeland consciousness can fully reflect the Japanese people's yearning for and pursuit of a beautiful homeland. From this, it can be clear that Japanese language and literature mostly take homeland as the main creative theme and Japanese homesickness as the creative theme, thus causing Japanese to sing. Therefore, in the study of Japanese language and literature in China, it is of great significance to improve the research system of Japanese language and literature from the perspective of Japanese native consciousness. (Author: Department of Economics and Trade, Sichuan Business Vocational College)
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Recommendation of Japanese Linguistics Graduation Thesis;
1. Graduation thesis on language art research
2. Language Education Graduation Thesis
3. The language and culture of Ainu people in Japan.
4. Selected Papers on China Language and Literature
5. Cultural differences between China and the West and their influence on language learning.
6. Language Art Analysis Papers
7. Analysis on the construction of teaching mode of Japanese language and culture course.